Université Larbi Tébessi

This study aims to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of Z. hispanica methanol extract (ZME) in an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats, assess its safety profile, and investigate its chemical composition. Methods: A methanol extract was prepared by macerating 100g of powdered aerial parts of Z. hispanica in 1000mL of 85% methanol for 72h. Total polyphenol content was quantified. Gastric ulcers were induced in Wistar rats using a single oral dose of 70% ethanol. Rats were pre-treated with ZME (50, 250, or 500mg/kg) or ranitidine (50mg/kg) as a reference control. Gastric tissues were examined for ulcerative lesions, and the percentage of protection was calculated. Gastric mucus production was also evaluated to explore the extract's mechanism of action. ZME significantly reduced ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in a dose-dependent manner. The highest dose (500mg/kg) provided 97.18% protection. Additionally, ZME significantly enhanced gastric mucus secretion, exceeding that of the positive control. The extract's bioactivity is attributed to its phenol and flavonoid constituents. ZME exhibits strong gastroprotective properties by reinforcing the gastric mucus barrier. These findings validate the traditional use of Z. hispanica for gastrointestinal relief and suggest its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for the management of gastric ulcers.

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the stability and dynamic behavior of the Willamowski–Rössler (WR) chemical reaction model, a classical prototype for chaotic oscillations in chemical kinetics. While previous studies have primarily focused on isolated equilibria or local dynamical properties, this work provides a systematic and unified analysis of the WR model by characterizing the full coexistence structure of its equilibria and rigorously determining their stability across distinct parameter regions. In particular, we identify regions of full and partial equilibrium coexistence and derive exact analytical conditions for the occurrence of Hopf bifurcations, thereby clarifying the parameter regimes in which oscillatory and chaotic dynamics may arise. This framework yields a global perspective on the stability landscape of the WR system that is not available in earlier analyses. In addition, two backstepping‐based control schemes are developed to achieve stabilization and master‐slave synchronization of the WR model. Numerical simulations are presented to validate the theoretical results and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of the WR system's dynamics and provide a structured basis for control‐oriented applications in chemical reaction engineering.

In this work, we investigate the quantum information dynamics of the Dirac oscillator (DO) influenced by the Aharonov–Casher (AC) effect in the curved space–time of a cosmic string. By combining relativistic quantum mechanics with geometric and topological effects, we analyze how these elements modify key quantum information measures, namely, the Shannon entropy and Fisher information, thereby uncovering their role in shaping the probability and density distributions of the system. The study reveals how the interplay between the cosmic string geometry and the nontrivial spin–field coupling induced by the AC phase affects the informational content and localization of quantum states. These results offer new insights into the sensitivity of relativistic quantum systems to space–time topology and electromagnetic interactions, contributing to the broader understanding of information-theoretic aspects in curved backgrounds.

Image dehazing plays a critical role in understanding complex real-world systems such as transportation, environmental monitoring, and healthcare imaging, where haze significantly degrades visual information and hinders decision-making. Traditional deep learning models emphasize accuracy but often neglect interpretability and resource efficiency, limiting their applicability in sustainable multi-modal fusion frameworks. We introduce SFX-GAN, a Sustainable and eXplainable Frequency-domain GAN that employs a novel channel-wise spectral fusion strategy, treating low, mid, and high-frequency components across RGB channels as complementary modalities. This multi-modal spectral integration enables the model to capture both global context and fine-grained structural cues, facilitating more reliable restoration of haze-free images. For interpretability, SFX-GAN incorporates a Concept Bottleneck Layer and Grad-CAM supervision, aligning network attention with haze-affected regions and enhancing trust in automated dehazing for safety-critical applications. Designed with sustainability in mind, SFX-GAN leverages frequency-domain processing to deliver efficient inference with reduced computational overhead. Experiments on RESIDE-SOTS, NH-HAZE, I-HAZE, O-HAZE, and D-HAZY datasets demonstrate state-of-the-art performance under both full-reference (PSNR, SSIM) and no-reference (NIQE, BRISQUE, FADE, SSEQ) metrics. Ablation studies confirm the effectiveness of each module in the fusion pipeline. Overall, SFX-GAN contributes to the intelligent fusion of spectral-spatial modalities for complex imaging systems, advancing responsible and explainable AI aligned with SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities).

European colonial policies and objectives pursued in the Maghrebi region, together with the impact of shared foundations and commonalities uniting the region's populations, prompted leading figures of the national movements to adopt the idea of strengthening the common Maghrebi struggle and activating it on the ground. They regarded this approach as the most effective means of liberation from the colonial grip and of restoring usurped national sovereignty in all its pillars and components. Given that Algeria was among the earliest victims of French colonial domination, it constituted an early arena of resistance to colonialism and a platform for the articulation of unifying ideas that viewed the Maghreb as a single entity confronting the same danger and sharing the same destiny. This was manifested in the positions and contributions of prominent figures within the national movement and the liberation revolution, who enriched and reinforced the trajectory of the Maghrebi unitary struggle.