Université Paris Nanterre

Le « contrôle coercitif » désigne un schéma de comportements qui prive les victimes de leurs droits et de leurs ressources. Ce concept permet de mieux combattre les violences faites aux femmes et aux enfants.

Passive surveillance systems (PSS) are used to detect and track various targets by processing the electromagnetic signals they release. The study and design of the resource management algorithm for these systems revealed several phenomena and combinatorial problems with crucial theoretical properties. In this article, we first prove the completeness of the algorithm used to generate receiver settings that determine which frequency bands the PSS monitors. Next, we formulate a new optimization problem called multiple-interval coverage (MIC), which is used to determine how often each of the generated settings must be used by the PSS. We show that the MIC problem is closely related to the multicover problem, which is an extension of the well-known set cover problem. The uniqueness of MIC stems from the fact that both covered elements and covers are multiple-intervals. We propose a notation to distinguish between different variants of the problem and prove that some of them can be solved in polynomial time. Finally, we prove that the MIC problem is NP-hard even when restricted to 2-interval covers.

Mineral scale deposition remains a major flow-assurance constraint in oil and gas operations, especially in water-flooding and produced-water reinjection, where mixing between incompatible brines promotes super-saturation and precipitation of poorly soluble salts. This work introduces a novel extension of traditional methods used for modeling chemical inhibition and the predictive evaluation of oilfield scale-inhibitor molecules. A systematically optimized Two-Dimensional Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship Model based on the k-Nearest Neighbors algorithm 2D-QSAR-KNN model was developed to quantitatively link molecular constitution of phosphonate inhibitors, brine chemistry, and operating factors with inhibition efficiency IE %. The optimized model achieved strong accuracy and generalization R2train = 0.9182, R2test = 0.9306, and R2global = 0.9208 with low prediction errors RMSEtrain = 4.7888%, RMSEtest = 4.5485%, and RMSEglobal = 4.7421%. Median absolute errors remained minimal for the train set = 0.80%, and test set = 1.63%, and model stability was confirmed by high correlation with experimental IE % r = 0.94 and R2train/R2test ≈ 0.99, showing no sign of overfitting. Additionally, an inverse-2D-QSAR framework was applied to identify the optimal molecular descriptor profile expected to maximize inhibitory performance within normalized bounds, providing rational rules for next-generation inhibitor design. The findings highlight the practical value of QSAR-inspired AI modeling to accelerate molecule screening and dosage exploration prior to laboratory validation, supporting more cost-effective, interpretable, and environmentally aware sulfate-scale inhibition strategies under high-salinity reservoir conditions.

ABSTRACT This article presents the results of an isotopic study of the lead used in the fountains of the gardens at the palaces of Versailles and Vaux‐le‐Vicomte—two iconic examples of French formal gardens designed by André Le Nôtre. The construction of these monumental gardens in the 17th century required considerable quantities of lead, a material not found in the subsoil of the Paris region and therefore necessarily imported. Lead Isotope analysis of 16 samples (including pipes, solder joints and basin plates) reveals a homogeneous signature, indicating a shared supply source for both sites. Comparing these results with those from different European mining districts revealed a clear correspondence with the deposits in the Harz Mountains in Germany, which were active and important in the 17th century. However, a few samples associated with later construction phases suggest that additional supplies came from other deposits, probably located in France. These results highlight not only the importance of European trade networks in the supply of construction materials but also the geopolitical dimension of these choices, as Louis XIV's France sought to produce lead in order to substitute it for that obtained through costly imports.

Adolescent dating motivations are often considered a key issue in understanding dating and sexual behaviors. Despite their initial identification, the development of these motivations and their correlates remains understudied. The present study aimed to investigate the development of dating motivations over a 3-year period using a longitudinal design, and to explore the moderating roles of romantic experiences and current dating status. French late adolescents (N = 493; 61% girls) completed a questionnaire six times over 3 years. Rooted in self-determination theory, the questionnaire assessed their amotivation for dating, intrinsic motivation (intimacy and companionship), identified regulation (pleasure and dating timetable), and external motivation (peer pressure), as well as their romantic experiences and current dating status. As expected, growth models revealed an increase in identified regulation and intrinsic motivation, and a decrease in amotivation, and external motivation between the beginning and end of high school. Gender differences emerged in the developmental trajectories of these motivations: girls showed a more rapid decline in amotivation and a steeper increase in identified regulation than boys. Furthermore, the gender gap in intrinsic motivation increased across the six waves. Overall, the findings support the view that adolescents progressively shift toward more self-determined motivations with age-a process that appears to occur earlier in girls than in boys. Romantic experiences and current dating status hindered the decrease in amotivation and made only a small contribution to the development of other forms of regulation. Practical implications of the development of dating motivation and gender differences are discussed.

With the rise of large language models (LLM), there has been deemed a possible alternative to human participants in many scientific domains, including linguistic studies, the cloze study. Cloze probability is used to inform researchers as to how predictable a word is within a certain sentential context. It is a common tool in linguistic studies to understand language production and processing. Previous studies (e.g., Jacobs et al., 2022; Lopes Rego et al., 2024) have compared LLM performance with traditional cloze studies and their results are promising. Nonetheless, these studies were done in English. Hence, we would like to know LLM performance in the Portuguese language. Here, we compared results from a traditional cloze study with two LLM, such as: Grevásio (Santos et al., 2024) and Tucano (Corrêa et al., 2024) then performed a correlation analysis to investigate their performance. The results show a moderate and weak correlation between the cloze probability from human participants and the LLMs. These results highlight the gap between human performance and LLM, specifically in cloze probability.

Abstract The perception of emotional faces plays a critical role in shaping human motor responses. However, the relationship between perceived facial expressions, particularly fear, and approach-related movement remains unclear as prior research often employed ambiguous approach behaviour and task requiring emotion identification before action planning, potentially introducing biases from differences in recognition accuracy across emotions. To address these limitations, we examined the effect of emotional faces (fear, angry, happiness) on unambiguous approach-related movement, i.e., forward single-step initiation by using a go/no-go paradigm. Moreover, two conditions were conducted: in the explicit condition, motor responses depended on whether the face was emotional or neutral, while in the implicit condition, they depended on the face’s gender. Results showed that the perception of emotional faces impacted forward single-step initiation in the explicit condition only. More precisely, the motor response was stronger (higher anticipatory postural adjustments amplitude) in front of fear and happy faces than angry faces, and faster (shorter anticipatory postural adjustments duration) to fear than to angry faces. Altogether, these results highlighted a movement improvement in front of a face which expressed fear compared to anger and, in a slightly more contrasting way, compared to happiness. These results supported the idea that fearful faces, although signalling threat, are associated with approach, whereas angry faces appear to be perceived as threatening and linked to avoidance movements.