Universitas Kanjuruhan

This study aims to identify student learner profiles based on a combination of prior knowledge and Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) levels and to analyze the differential impact of an adaptive learning module on knowledge and SRL improvement in each profile. Using a mixed-methods explanatory sequential design, 92 undergraduate physics education students were selected through purposive sampling. K-Means cluster analysis was applied to form learner profiles, followed by a six-week pre–post intervention and qualitative interviews. The results identified three learner profiles (Proficient-Autonomous Learner, Resilient-Developing Learner, and Proficient-Fragile Achiever). The result showed that the adaptive module significantly improved Results showed significant knowledge gains across profiles, while SRL improvements differed significantly. The Proficient–Fragile Achiever group demonstrated the largest SRL gain (p < .001; large effect size, d > 0.80), associated with more frequent scaffolding support. In conclusion, the effectiveness of adaptive modules is highly dependent on learner profiles, with the most significant benefits in their ability to provide external support for building self-regulation skills. These findings imply that learning technology design should incorporate SRL as a key variable for personalization, and institutions can utilize these platforms as intervention tools for students with weak learning independence.

Keaksaraan awal merupakan kemampuan dasar anak dalam mengenal, memahami, dan menggunakan simbol-simbol bahasa tulis sebelum mereka mampu membaca dan menulis secara formal. Kemampuan ini meliputi pengenalan huruf, bunyi huruf, kosakata, kesadaran terhadap bentuk cetakan, serta pemahaman bahwa tulisan memiliki makna. Berdasarkan hasil observasi awal, dari 15 anak sebanyak 12 anak berada pada kategori Belum Berkembang (BB), yang menunjukkan kesulitan dalam mengenal huruf a–d serta sering mengalami kekeliruan dalam membedakan bentuk huruf b dan d. Sebanyak 3 anak berada pada kategori Mulai Berkembang (MB), sedangkan belum terdapat anak yang mencapai kategori Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (BSH) maupun Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan model spiral Kemmis dan McTaggart yang meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 15 anak. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2025 yang berlokasi di TKMNU 8 Darussalam Sitirejo. Pada pra siklus diperoleh rerata 27,78% kemudian meningkat pada siklus I pertemuan 1, terjadi peningkatan menjadi 37,22%, dan meningkat pada pertemuan 2 yaitu 41,67% namun hasil tersebut belum mencapai indikator keberhasilan sehingga dilakukan perbaikan tindakan pada Siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan pada Siklus II dengan tema Binatang, kemampuan keaksaraan awal anak mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan menjadi 60% pertemuan I dan 80% pada pertemuan 2. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa permainan tangkap huruf mampu meningkatkan kemampuan keaksaraan awal pada anak usia 4-5 tahun di TKMNU 8 Darussalam Sitirejo.

Kecerdasan interpersonal merupakan kemampuan individu dalam memahami dan merespons perasaan orang lain secara efektif melalui interaksi sosial yang positif. Kemampuan ini penting dikembangkan sejak usia dini karena menjadi dasar dalam membangun kerja sama, kepatuhan terhadap aturan, pengendalian emosi, serta hubungan sosial yang harmonis. Namun, hasil observasi awal di TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan Duwet menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan sosial emosional anak belum optimal. Hal tersebut terlihat dari perilaku sebagian anak yang masih memilih-milih teman bermain, kurang menaati aturan, belum sabar menunggu giliran, mudah marah, serta kurang bertanggung jawab dalam menyelesaikan kegiatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan sosial anak usia dini melalui penerapan permainan tradisional Bantengan di TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan Duwet. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan model Kemmis dan McTaggart yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 24 anak kelompok B berusia 5–6 tahun. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan catatan lapangan, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan sosial anak, dari 41% pada kondisi awal menjadi 52% pada Siklus I, serta meningkat signifikan pada Siklus II dari 64% menjadi 89%. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa permainan tradisional Bantengan efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan sosial anak usia dini.

Abstract Dengue fever, a vector-borne disease caused by arboviruses and transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquito species, remains a significant public health concern in urban environments. These mosquitoes exhibit a strong preference for human hosts and thrive in habitats closely associated with human settlements. As urban density intensifies, the frequency of human–mosquito interactions increases, thereby amplifying the risk of dengue virus transmission. This study investigates the spatial relationship between building density and the distribution of dengue cases in Malang City, Indonesia, by integrating geospatial analysis techniques. Building density was derived from Landsat 8 satellite imagery using the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), which utilizes the Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) and Near Infrared (NIR) bands. Kernel density estimation was applied to map the spatial distribution of reported dengue cases, and Spearman’s rank correlation was employed to assess the statistical relationship between built-up intensity and disease incidence. Findings reveal a positive correlation between high building density and increased dengue case concentration, particularly in densely populated zones adjacent to riverbanks. These results underscore the role of both physical and socio-environmental factors in shaping mosquito habitats and disease transmission dynamics. The study highlights the utility of remote sensing data, such as Landsat 8, in enabling rapid and scalable surveillance for dengue mitigation. Such geospatial approaches offer valuable insights for public health planning and targeted vector control strategies.

Perkembangan motorik merupakan kemampuan dasar yang memungkinkan anak mengontrol gerakan tubuh dan menjadi fondasi bagi berbagai aktivitas yang mendukung perkembangan selanjutnya. Salah satu aspek penting dalam perkembangan motorik kasar adalah kemampuan menjaga keseimbangan, yang diperlukan dalam hampir seluruh aktivitas fisik anak. Ketidakmampuan menjaga keseimbangan dapat menghambat perkembangan motorik dan menurunkan efektivitas aktivitas fungsional sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan permainan Stepping Stone dalam meningkatkan kemampuan keseimbangan anak usia 3–4 tahun di KB Al-Hidayah. Metode penelitian menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dan masing-masing terdiri dari dua pertemuan. Tahapan penelitian meliputi persiapan, pelaksanaan, serta pelaporan melalui proses reduksi, penyajian, verifikasi data, dan pengujian keabsahan dengan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan antara siklus 1 dan siklus 2, yaitu pada Siklus 1 sebesar 38% pada pertemuan 1 dan 44% pada pertemuan 2, kemudian meningkat signifikan pada Siklus 2 menjadi 63% pada pertemuan 1 dan 87% pada pertemuan 2. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa permainan Stepping Stone efektif dalam menciptakan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan sekaligus meningkatkan kemampuan keseimbangan anak.

The aim of this research is to improve the gross motor skills of children aged 4–5 years through the application of the Palola circuit game at KB Ar-Rohmah I Singosari. Specifically, this study was directed to determine the process of implementing Palola circuit games as well as improving children's gross motor skills which include balance, agility, movement coordination and physical strength. This research method uses the Class Action Research (PTK) approach which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementing actions, observation and reflection. The research subject was a 4–5 year old child at KB Ar-Rohmah I Singosari. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, documentation and assessment sheets for children's gross motor abilities. Data analysis used qualitative and quantitative descriptive techniques by comparing the results of children's gross motor ability in pre-cycle, cycle I and cycle II. The research results show that the application of the Palola circuit game can improve the gross motor skills of children aged 4–5 years. This is shown by an increase in the percentage of children's gross motor skills achieved in each cycle. In pre-cycle, children's gross motor skills are in the low category. After taking action in cycle I, the child's gross motor skills have improved and are in the sufficient category. Furthermore, in cycle II there was a significant increase until it reached the good category. Thus, the Palola circuit game proved effective in improving the gross motor skills of 4–5 year old children at KB Ar-Rohmah I Singosari.

This study aims to examine the implementation of Green Exercise learning in improving the gross motor skills of children aged 4–5 years at TK Plus Wahidiyah Poncokusumo. The method employed was Classroom Action Research (CAR) using the Kemmis and Taggart model, which consists of four stages: planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. The research subjects comprised 11 children from Group A, consisting of 5 girls and 6 boys. Initial observations indicated that the average level of children’s gross motor skills was 36%. Following the implementation of Green Exercise learning, gradual improvements were observed. In Cycle 1, Meeting 1, the average level increased to 54% and further improved to 68% in Meeting 2. The improvement continued in Cycle 2, reaching an average of 80% in Meeting 1 and 90% in Meeting 2. These findings demonstrate that Green Exercise is effective in enhancing the gross motor skills of early childhood learners. Physical activities conducted in outdoor settings were proven to encourage children to be more active, confident, and to exhibit significant motor development.

This study aims to enhance the spatial abilities of children aged 5-6 years through educational field trips to a coffee plantation. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach conducted in two cycles, each consisting of the stages of planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were Group B children at TK DWP Nurul Huda Jabung, Malang, with the researcher acting as the primary instrument as well as the implementer of the actions. The findings indicate a significant improvement in children’s spatial abilities, as reflected in their increased understanding of directional concepts, position, size, and spatial relationships among objects in the surrounding environment. The field trip activities provided authentic and contextual learning experiences that facilitated spatial exploration, visual observation, and active use of spatial language. In addition, these activities enhanced children’s enthusiasm and active participation in the learning process. Therefore, educational field trips to a coffee plantation are proven to be an effective and enjoyable learning method for developing early childhood spatial abilities.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dan kecerdasan sosial terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas V di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Kraksaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian yakni seluruh siswa kelas V (V.a, V.b, V.c) MI Nahdlatul Ulama. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah sampling jenuh. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi: observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Untuk menguji validitas dan reabilitas instrumen penelitian, digunakan bantuan software SPSS versi 22.0 for windows. Selain itu, analisis data dilakukan dengan regresi linear. Dalam analisis regresi ini, terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji asumsi klasik dan dilanjutkan dengan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Kraksaan telah dilaksanakan dengan cukup baik. Guru menyesuaikan tugas, materi, waktu belajar, dan strategi pengajaran sesuai dengan minat, kemampuan, dan kebutuhan siswa sehingga meningkatkan keterlibatan serta motivasi mereka. Kebutuhan siswa diperhatikan secara optimal, dan pengembangan kecerdasan sosial, khususnya dalam aspek empati, komunikasi, dan kerja sama, juga mendapat perhatian. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dan kecerdasan sosial memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas V, baik secara simultan maupun parsial. Secara keseluruhan, penerapan strategi pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan individu siswa, ditambah dengan penguatan aspek-aspek kecerdasan sosial seperti empati, kemampuan berkomunikasi, dan kerja sama, terbukti mampu menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih efektif dan mendukung pencapaian akademik yang lebih baik.

The pervasive use of digital devices among elementary school students has given rise to emerging digital phenomena such as Nomophobia, Phubbing, and Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), which are presumed to influence children’s social intelligence. This study aims to examine the impact of these three variables on the social intelligence of upper-grade students at SDN Kanigaran 1, Probolinggo. Employing a quantitative explanatory causal approach, data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire from a purposive sample of 172 students in grades IV to VI. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression via SPSS version 31. Findings reveal that Nomophobia, Phubbing, and FoMO collectively exert a statistically significant effect on social intelligence. Partially, Phubbing and FoMO showed significant effects, whereas Nomophobia did not. These results suggest that emotional dependency on digital devices does not inherently hinder children’s social intelligence, particularly when external regulation by teachers and parents remains strong. Conversely, Phubbing the tendency to ignore real-life interactions in favor of device use and FoMO, characterized by anxiety over missing digital content, were found to detrimentally affect students’ capacity for social engagement. This study underscores the urgent need for digital literacy education and the early cultivation of social skills to ensure a balanced development between digital interaction and authentic social experience.