University of Eloued

Cucurbita maxima (pumpkin) leaves have been traditionally used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, fever, and oxidative stress-related disorders. However, scientific validation of these claims remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects of C. maxima leaf aqueous extract and to elucidate its phytochemical composition and molecular mechanisms of action. The phytochemical profile of the aqueous extract was determined using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity was assessed in a benzylthiouracil-induced inflammation model by measuring white blood cell (WBC) counts, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and histopathological changes in liver and kidney tissues. In vitro anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated through the protein denaturation inhibition assay, using diclofenac as a reference. Pharmacokinetic and toxicity properties of major compounds were predicted using ADMET tools, while molecular docking studies were performed to evaluate interactions with COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis revealed a complex mixture of polyphenols, with caffeic acid (56.04%), rutin (9.25%), ferulic acid (8.79%), and myricetin-3-rhamnose (8.62%) as the main constituents. The extract significantly reduced inflammation by normalizing WBC counts (from 7.2 to 4.5×109/L), lowering CRP levels (from 630 to 220mg/L), and protecting liver and kidney tissues. The extract also inhibited protein denaturation in vitro (IC50=2.976mg/mL) compared to diclofenac (IC50=0.718mg/mL). Molecular docking revealed that major flavonoids exhibited strong binding affinities toward COX-1 and COX-2, often surpassing diclofenac, supported by stable hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. ADMET and toxicity predictions indicated good intestinal absorption for several major compounds, absence of predicted hepatotoxicity or skin sensitization, and generally low acute toxicity, with high predicted LD50 values and no mutagenic risk for most constituents. These findings support the traditional use of C. maxima leaves in folk medicine for the management of inflammation-related conditions, fever, and associated oxidative stress. Further isolation of the key active constituents and clinical evaluation are recommended to confirm their therapeutic efficacy.

Process mining analyzes business processes using event logs. Existing tools generate models to facilitate this task and improve the original business process, but the results are often unsatisfactory due to the complexity of the obtained models. Among the challenges faced in this context, we identify the misalignment with specific business requirements, preventing managers from accessing key data and making effective decisions. In this paper, we propose a requirement-driven approach centered on meta-modeling, which can help the development of process mining tools specially tailored to organizational needs. Thus, we introduce a requirement-driven method to address the critical challenge of model misalignment with required information. The method employs Model-Driven Engineering to simplify how process mining results are formulated, analyzed, and interpreted. The proposed method is iterative and involves several steps. First, a service manager defines a specific business question. Second, service managers and developers collaboratively establish a meta-model representing the target data. Third, developers extract relevant data using appropriate analysis techniques and visualize it. Finally, service managers and developers jointly interpret these visualizations to inform strategic decisions. This requirement-driven methodology empowers developers to concentrate on relevant information. Unlike general-purpose frameworks (e.g., ProM, Disco), this method emphasizes specificity, iterative refinement, and close stakeholder collaboration. By reducing cognitive overload through focused modeling and filtering of irrelevant data, organizations adopting this approach can achieve faster response times to business questions and develop specialized in-house analytical tools. This requirement-driven methodology, therefore, improves decision-making capabilities within process mining and across related analytical domains. We illustrate our methodology through a real business process taken from the literature owned by the VOLVO group. We use several examples of process mining to illustrate the benefits of the proposed methodology compared to existing tools which are unable to provide the required information. • A requirement-driven meta-model method for standardized process-mining assessment. • An iterative approach for low-cost development of tailored in-house tools. • Improves decisions through focused data extraction and need-aligned analysis.

This study aimed to analyze the impact of Quality of Work Life (QWL) on the level of Organizational Commitment among budget sector employees in El Oued.To achieve the study's objective, a conceptual model was developed that includes an independent variable, namely Quality of Work Life, and a dependent variable represented by organizational commitment.The study relied on a questionnaire as a tool for collecting data from a sample consisting of 40 employees.After collecting the data and analyzing the results, a set of conclusions was reached, the most prominent of which is the existence of a statistically significant effect of Quality of Work Life on the level of Organizational Commitment in the studied institutions.The results also indicated that there are no statistically significant differences in the participants' perceptions of the level of Quality of Work Life in these institutions that can be attributed to personal or job-related variables.

The Sandfish lizard (Scincus scincus) is well adapted to the harsh desert environment of the Algerian Sahara. This study investigated the effects of season and sex on the morphometric measurements and selected blood biochemical parameters of the Sandfish lizard, including 29 females and 31 males from the El Oued region in the southeastern Algerian Sahara. Morphometric and biochemical parameters were assessed across winter, spring, and summer (2024). The results indicated that males had significantly larger total length (TBL), snout-vent length (SVL), vent-to-tail length (TL), trunk length (TRL), forelimb length (FL), and hindlimb length (HL) compared to females (P < 0.05). However, no significant sex-related differences were found in the blood biochemical parameters. Significant seasonal variations (P < 0.05) were observed in body weight (Wt), hindlimb length (HL), forelimb length (FL), head width (HW), mouth length (ML), and body width (BW). Additionally, highly significant seasonal variations (P < 0.005) were found in all blood parameters except for calcium. These findings suggest that while morphometric characteristics vary significantly by sex, certain physiological parameters are more influenced by seasonal changes, highlighting the Sandfish lizard's adaptability to its environment.

This article offers a comprehensive reexamination of The Golden Ass: Being the Metamorphoses of Lucius Apuleius by Apuleius as a profoundly hybrid and genre-defying narrative that integrates literary innovation with philosophical, religious, and cultural inquiry. The study foregrounds the novel’s autobiographical and “ego-narrative” dimension, emphasizing the deliberate overlap between the author and the protagonist, Lucius, whereby the boundaries between narrator and character become fluid. Through this narrative strategy, Apuleius constructs a text that simultaneously performs fiction and gestures toward experiential authenticity. Central to the analysis is the motif of metamorphosis as an ethical and ontological paradigm. The novel thus articulates a profound meditation on human fallibility, the tension between bodily desire and rational illumination, and the possibility of spiritual regeneration.

This paper introduces and examines a new class of nuclear operators within the family of Lipschitz operators, referred to as Lipschitz σ-nuclear operators. We investigate their fundamental properties, particularly their characterization through factorization theorems. Furthermore, we establish a characterization of Lipschitz compact operators based on the injectivity of Lipschitz σ-nuclear operators and determine the dual space of these operators.