University of Limoges

The aims were to investigate the presence of pyrethroid metabolites (MetaPyr) in the urine of mothers and their premature newborns, and assess potential transplacental transmission and the evolution of these compounds in the early days of life. In this prospective study, the first urine samples were collected from 63 premature infants and 55 mothers (<34 weeks' gestation) between Sept 2021 and Oct 2022. The MetaPyr concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. At least 1 MetaPyr was detected in the urine of 98.2% of mothers. At least 1 MetaPyr was detected within the first 3 days of life in 70% of newborns. The most frequently detected metabolites in the newborns were trans-DCCA and DBCA. Metabolites detected in newborns are generally present in maternal samples. Longitudinal urine analysis of 47 premature infants showed variable MetaPyr trends over time. Notably, FPBA was present in some infants but absent in all maternal urine samples, appearing from day 8 onward. The results emphasized the maternal-fetal transmission of MetaPyr and the complexity of its metabolism and excretion in early life. The detection of these biomarkers in the first urine samples of 80% of preterm neonates may be explained by 2 hypotheses: (1) direct maternal-fetal transmission of MetaPyr through maternal blood, as the mother may have been exposed during pregnancy, and (2) transfer of parent pyrethroids to the fetus, followed by fetal metabolism and urinary excretion. This pilot study suggested prenatal exposure to pyrethroids in premature newborns, highlighting the need to monitor pesticide exposure from birth, particularly in vulnerable populations. This phenomenon, described as "exposure capital at birth," occurs before any environmental contact. This is followed by uninterrupted environmental exposure during the first days of life.

Patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to distal and medium vessel occlusion (AIS-DMVO) and minor strokes present a challenge in determining the most appropriate emergent treatment. Factors leading to early neurological deterioration (END) in this patient population are understudied, but END is known to result in poor functional outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the factors contributing to END in minor AIS-DMVO cases. We included patients with AIS-DMVO and minor strokes from 37 sites across North America, Asia, and Europe. Minor stroke was defined as a baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of ⩽5. The primary outcome measure, END, was defined as a shift of ⩾4 points in the NIHSS score at day one after treatment compared to baseline. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with END. Among 559 consecutive patients with DMVO and minor strokes, END was reported in 68 patients. In multivariable analysis, mechanical thrombectomy (MT) was independently associated with higher odds of END (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.37, 95% CI 1.12-5.02, p = 0.02), while intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) was associated with lower odds of END (aOR 0.46, 95% CI 0.26-0.81, p = 0.008). However, the association between MT and END was no longer statistically significant in the IPTW-adjusted analysis (OR 1.65, 95% CI 0.69-3.98, p = 0.26). Hypertension and antiplatelet use at baseline were also independently associated with END. Among MT-treated patients, successful and excellent recanalization and first-pass effect were protective against END. MT was associated with END in patients with minor AIS-DMVO, although this association was not significant after IPTW adjustment. IVT was independently associated with reduced risk of END. These findings support careful patient selection and further study in randomized trials.

portant mesures d'urgences relatives au fonctionnement du march du travail en vue du plein emploi promulgue le 21 dcembre 2022.

This study investigates a pre-matched HEMT GaN device with an <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$8 \times 50 \mu m$</tex> gate width, operating at <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$29 \mathbf{G H z}$</tex> and manufactured using UMS Foundry's GH15 process technology. Performance characterization was conducted using Unequally Spaced Multi-Tone (USMT) signals to analyze behavior under various modulated signal conditions. This method enables the evaluation of large-signal performance in realistic operating scenarios. Experimental results were compared with Harmonic Balance simulations to ensure result consistency, where passive components were modeled using EM tools, while active components were designed with the GH15 design kit. The analysis showed that increasing the number of frequencies led to a greater current drop, due to the device's trapping effects, and a reduction in maximum Power Added Efficiency (PAE). Lastly, the Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR) results exhibited good agreement between simulations and measurements, confirming the reliability of the test bench.

The assessment and the optimization of the stirring process of a VIRC is a difficult task which requires to deal with many parameters. This paper shows, using time-domain measurements performed at different frequencies, that repetitive stirring patterns of a VIRC can be detected using a simple time-domain autocorrelation performed over several seconds. In order to obtain a large effective sample size (or in other terms a large number of independent samples), it is of vital importance to break this repetitive pattern. The results which are presented on a fully-suspended VIRC show that the fact to excite a VIRC similarly at different points leads to VIRC poor performance. It is therefore imperative to break this periodical pattern in order to ensure high VIRC performance.

We present a novel comprehensive construction algorithm of Apollonius diagrams designed for GPUs. Efficient and robust algorithms have been proposed for the computation of Voronoi diagrams or Power diagrams. In contrast, Apollonius cells are neither convex nor bounded by straight boundaries, making their computation complex, especially in more than two dimensions. Their parallel computation also represents a challenge because of the sequential nature of state-of-the-art algorithms. In this article, we tackle the computation of these diagrams from the geometry of their cells. Our strategy is based on a core cell topology update allowing the iterative insertion of new sites found through nearest neighbor queries. To benefit from the highly parallel environment of modern GPUs and fit their memory restriction, we define a lightweight data structure allowing the representation of the complex topology of Apollonius cells. Additionally, we provide several space exploration procedures for their efficient construction under both homogeneous and heterogeneous spatial distributions. Our method outperforms the fastest state-of-the-art CPU implementation while computing the complete geometry. As a possible use case, we show an application for molecular illustration.