University of Timor

Bullying in primary education settings has become a global concern due to its detrimental impacts on children's mental health and academic achievement. In Indonesia, the prevalence of bullying is still high, actually, in elementary schools. Bullying has a negative impact on children’s academic and psychological development, making it a concerning issue in primary education. The use of intercultural education in the primary school curriculum as a deterrent and solution to bullying is discussed in this article. The function of multicultural values, such as empathy, tolerance, and respect for diversity, in creating a friendly and peaceful learning environment is discussed in this paper using descriptive qualitative methodology. The results indicate that bullying can be significantly reduced in primary schools by incorporating intercultural education in a structured manner into the curriculum, teacher preparation, and values-based learning activities. The recommendations focus on improving multiculturalism-based teaching approaches and curriculum frameworks. It is necessary to apply multicultural education to avoid bullying in elementary school.

This research was carried out in September-November 2025 in the Greenhouse and continued at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Health, University of Timor, Sasi Village, Kota Kefamenanu District, North Central Timor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The most dominant problems in dry land areas include lack of water, acidic soil reaction, lack of nutrients, cation exchange capacity and shallow soil solum. This study aims to examine the effect of providing guano compost tea and types of compost on the growth and yield of caisim mustard greens in dry land.Data analysis using the SAS 9.1 program. The findings showed that the interaction between guano compost tea and the type of compost had a significant effect on plant height at 7 days after planting, observations of the number of leaves at 14 and 21 days after planting and the total fresh weight of the plants. A single treatment of compost tea had a significant effect on plant height at 21 and 28 HST, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, root length and root dry weight with the best treatment being 300 ml of guano compost tea. The single treatment of compost type had a significant effect on the observation of plant height at 7, 14, 21, 28 HST, observation of the number of leaves at 14, 21, 28 HST, fresh weight of the crown, fresh weight of the root, root volume, dry weight of the crown, dry weight of the root and harvest index with the best treatment at K1: 1.5 kg of soil + 1.5 kg of biochar compost. Keywords: Crop yield, Compost types, Dry land, Mustard greens, Guano compost tea, Mustard greens

This study aims to explain the intrinsic and extrinsic elements in the lyrics of Monkey Majik's songs to the readers. The research method used is a descriptive, qualitative approach with a textual analysis. The research object consists of song lyrics, which are analyzed by classifying the data into tables, lyric quotes, and narrative descriptions for better understanding. The findings show that the lyrics of Monkey Majik’s songs contain intrinsic elements such as theme, tone, and setting, as well as extrinsic elements such as cultural background, social values, and educational values. The researcher concludes that Monkey Majik's songs hold deep meanings and life values conveyed through poetic language and diverse cultural backgrounds, making them worthy of being considered literary works that emotionally touch the audience.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membantu Pemerintah Desa Raiulun dalam menentukan prioritas penggunaan dana desa secara objektif dan efisien. Selama ini proses penentuan prioritas dilakukan secara manual melalui musyawarah, sehingga sering menimbulkan subjektivitas dan kurang tepat sasaran. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini mengimplementasikan metode Multi Factor Evaluation Process (MFEP) sebagai dasar pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Sistem yang dikembangkan berbentuk aplikasi desktop yang menilai beberapa alternatif kegiatan berdasarkan lima kriteria, yaitu manfaat bagi masyarakat, biaya pelaksanaan, waktu pelaksanaan, ketersediaan sumber daya lokal, dan keberlanjutan. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa alternatif dengan nilai tertinggi dan menjadi prioritas utama adalah pembangunan bak air. Penerapan metode MFEP terbukti mampu membantu perangkat desa dalam menentukan prioritas penggunaan dana desa secara lebih cepat, objektif, dan transparan. Dengan demikian, sistem ini dapat menjadi solusi efektif untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan berbasis data di tingkat desa.

Variabilitas dan perubahan iklim mengakibatkan terjadinya kesenjangan pola penghidupan masyarakat khususnya dalam memproteksi ketersediaan pangan, kesehatan, jejaring sosial, dan bencana alam. Ada banyak hal yang telah direkomendasikan untuk masyarakat lokal, namun memahami pola kehidupannya sebagai bagian dari mitigasi dan adaptasi perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengukur kerentanan penghidupan masyarakat lokal karena paparan perubahan iklim di kawasan Teluk Tomini. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan survei yang dilaksanakan pada Agustus - Oktober 2024 di Bone Bolango Provinsi Gorontalo dan Bolaang Mongondow Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 200 orang petani pada klaster komoditi pangan utama (padi dan jagung). Data penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis Livelihood Vulnerability Index-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: kerentanan penghidupan di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan lebih rentan dibandingkan dengan Kabupaten Bone Bolango, dengan nilai indeks LVI 0,343 (rentan) berbanding 0,294 (cukup rentan), yang ditunjukkan dari tingginya nilai indeks sub-komponen bencana alam dan keragaman iklim, kesehatan, pangan, dan sosio-demografi. Demikian juga LVI-IPCC memiliki kerentanan lebih tinggi dengan nilai indeks 0,026 berbanding -0,006 pada eksposur dan kapasitas adaptif; dan indeks ketahanan pangan Kabupaten Bone Bolango lebih tahan dibandingkan dengan Bolaang Mongondow Selatan. Meningkatnya eksposur terkait variabilitas iklim dan bencana alam yang dibarengi dengan menurunnya kapasitas adaptif masyarakat berdampak pada kerentanan pola penghidupan di Bolaang Mongondow Selatan yang terpengaruh paparan perubahan iklim. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan bahwa penguatan kapasitas adaptif sangat penting dalam mengurangi kerentanan penghidupan akibat peningkatan eksposur, olehnya pola penghidupan masyarakat lokal perlu terintegrasi strategis dalam mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim setiap daerah di kawasan Teluk Tomini.

Kota Medan merupakan salah satu wilayah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang rentan mengalami bencana banjir hampir setiap musim penghujan. Upaya penanggulangan bencana selama ini telah dilakukan, baik oleh pemerintah daerah maupun dari masyarakat Kota Medan itu sendiri, hal ini berimplikasi pada pembentukan Kelurahan Tangguh Bencana (Keltana) di Kota Medan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan sebagai respons terhadap kebutuhan mendesak dalam menghadapi berbagai ancaman bencana yang dapat menimpa masyarakat di Kota Medan, wilayah yang dikenal rawan banjir. Pentingnya kegiatan ini terletak pada upaya preventif untuk mengurangi risiko dan dampak bencana, serta memperkuat kapasitas masyarakat dalam mengatasi situasi darurat. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang jenis-jenis bencana, mengajarkan langkah-langkah mitigasi, meningkatkan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam menyusun rencana tanggap darurat, serta mendorong kolaborasi antara masyarakat dan pemerintah dalam menghadapi bencana. Adapun lokasi yang dipilih adalah Kelurahan Aur, Kelurahan Sei Mati, Kelurahan Tanjung Rejo, Kelurahan Bahari dan Kelurahan Belawan II dengan melibatkan 19 orang informan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penanggulangan bencana di Kota Medan selama ini dilakukan oleh tiga aktor yaitu pemerintah daerah, lembaga lokal, serta masyarakat lokal. Pemerintah lokal menyusun regulasi yang menjadi landasan dalam penanggulangan bencana. Lembaga lokal memiliki inisiatif dalam penanggulangan bencana yang terjadi di wilayahnya. Sedangkan masyarakat ikut berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan-kegiatan penanggulangan bencana. Ketiga aktor tersebut saling bekerjasama dalam penanggulangan bencana. Selain itu, dari hasil temuan lapangan juga diketahui pengabdian ini memberikan dampak positif dalam meningkatkan kesiapan dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam mitigasi bencana diantaranya masyarakat sudah memahami potensi-potensi bencana dan rencana tindakan evakuasi maupun edukasi kepada masyarakat

Pengembangan bahan tanam bawang merah dari biji botanis (True Shallot Seed) merupakan salah satu inovasi teknologi dalam meningkatkan kualitas benih. Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa giberelin (GA3) mampu menginduksi pembungaan dan meningkatkan produksi true shallot seed (TSS) pada bawang merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan konsentrasi giberelin dan lama perendaman yang pengaruhnya paling baik terhadap hasil umbi, produksi true shallot seed (TSS) dan mutu benih bawang merah lokal Eban. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai Oktober 2024 di Desa Saenam, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara (TTU) dan Laboratorium Universitas Timor. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi giberelin dengan empat taraf yaitu 0 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, dan 300 ppm. Faktor kedua adalah lama perendaman dengan tiga taraf yaitu 30, 45 dan 60 menit. Hasil Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan (Duncan's Multiple Range Test/DMRT) menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi giberelin 200 ppm dan lama perendaman 30 menit menghasilkan jumlah umbi pertanaman 12,33 umbi, berat kering umbi 168,51 g pada konsentrasi giberelin 200 ppm dan lama perendaman 60 menit. Konsentrasi giberelin 300 ppm dan lama perendaman 30 menit meningkatkan persentase tanaman berbunga 54,50%, konsentrasi 100 ppm dan lama perendaman 30 menit meningkatkan jumlah kapsul bernas per umbel 17,67 dan jumlah biji per umbel 37,00. Uji mutu benih TSS yang dihasilkan oleh umbi yang diberi konsentrasi giberelin 300 ppm dan lama perendaman 30 menit menghasilkan potensi tumbuh maksimum 14,66% dan daya berkecambah 14,66%. Perendaman umbi dengan giberelin belum mampu menghasilkan benih dengan viabilitas sesuai standar benih bermutu, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lanjutan. ABSTRACT The development of shallot planting material from botanical seeds (True Shallot Seed) is one of the technological innovations in improving seed quality. Several research results show that gibberellin (GA3) can induce flowering and increase the production of true shallot seed (TSS) in shallots. This study aimed to determine the gibberellin concentration and soaking duration that had the best effect on bulb yield, true shallot seed (TSS) production and seed quality of local Eban shallots. The experiment was conducted from June to October 2024 in Saenam Village, North Central Timor Regency (TTU) and the Timor University Laboratory. The experimental design used was a factorial randomized block design (RAK). The first factor was gibberellin concentration with four levels: 0 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, and 300 ppm. The second factor was soaking duration with three levels: 0, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. The results of Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) analysis showed that gibberellin concentration of 200 ppm and soaking duration of 30 minutes resulted in 12.33 tubers per plant, dry weight of bulbs of 168.51 g at gibberellin concentration of 200 ppm and soaking duration of 60 minutes. Gibberellin concentration of 300 ppm and soaking duration of 30 minutes increased the percentage of flowering plants by 54.50%, concentration of 100 ppm and soaking duration of 30 minutes increased the number of full capsules per umbel by 17.67 and the number of seeds per umbel by 37.00. The quality test of TSS seeds produced by bulbs given gibberellin concentration of 300 ppm and soaking duration of 30 minutes resulted in a maximum growth potential of 14.66% and germination power of 14.66%. Soaking bulbs with gibberellin has not been able to produce seeds with viability according to quality seed standards, so further research is needed.

This study investigates the socio-econo-ecolinguistic dimensions of traditional culinary lexicons in Malaka Regency, a border area in eastern Indonesia. The research employs a qualitative descriptive design involving three social groups students, school pupils, and the general community as participants to capture intergenerational perspectives on traditional culinary knowledge. The study aims to (1) identify the linguistic forms of traditional culinary lexicons, (2) examine the dynamics of lexicon maintenance within local communities, and (3) analyze the socio-economic and ecological meanings embedded in traditional culinary practices. Data were obtained through field-based research methods, including community observation and documentation of local culinary terminology. The findings reveal sixteen traditional culinary lexicons: akar bilan, batar tasak, batar sonan, batar daan, batar tunun, batar faihedik, filun, fehuk tunun, fehuk sonan, fehuk hukus, fehuk daan, hudi tasak, hudi tunun, hudi daan, nunak, and es nu. These lexicons comprise basic and phrasal forms that convey cultural values, perform descriptive functions, and carry symbolic meanings rooted in local traditions. With regard to lexical vitality, the study indicates a weakening of intergenerational transmission, as younger generations, particularly students and pupils, demonstrate significantly lower levels of comprehension and use of traditional culinary lexicons than the general community, revealing a clear lexical gap. From a socio-economic perspective, the continued consumption of traditional foods contributes to local economic resilience by using locally sourced ingredients. Ecologically, these practices promote waste reduction, environmental preservation, and biodiversity conservation, while simultaneously supporting linguistic and cultural sustainability. Overall, the study highlights the importance of ecolinguistic awareness in sustaining the vitality of traditional culinary lexicons as an integral component of cultural identity and environmental ethics.

Proper management of Village Funds plays a crucial role in improving development outcomes and community welfare at the village level. Although the Indonesian government has allocated Village Funds to strengthen rural development, many villages continue to face various challenges in managing these resources effectively. The community service program carried out in Oelami Village, Bikomi Selatan Subdistrict, North Central Timor Regency, was designed to enhance the capacity of village officials in managing Village Funds more efficiently. Using the Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) approach, participants received guidance on village financial planning, implementation, and reporting, with a strong emphasis on transparency and accountability. The training resulted in improved understanding among village officials in preparing the APBDes, monitoring program implementation, and drafting accountability reports. Participants also demonstrated strong engagement and began to recognize that accountable financial management is not only about complying with regulations but also about building public trust and accelerating development in the village.