Vijayanagara Institute of Medical Sciences

We describe a technique of Umbilical hernioplasty, where the mesh is placed in the Preperitoneal or retro-muscular plane. An adequate incision helps in a good exposure and repair. At the end of surgery, the incision is brought inside the area of the umbilicus with a purse-string effect of the subcuticular sutures, making the scar nearly merge with the umbilicus.

The fuel industry, particularly the petroleum industry, uses organic compounds for different reasons to improve fuels to obtain the desired products. This review studies the binding of organic molecules with a protein. Binding studies of the N-, S- and O-substitutions of Isophthalic acid derivatives with COVID-19 protein were examined by molecular docking approach. In investigations using molecular docking, the ligand is attached to the protein's binding pocket in various ways, yielding crucial information regarding the binding site and method. Molecular docking experiments were performed to comprehend how Isophthalic acid derivatives and COVID-19 protein interactions take place. The docking research was conducted using Autodock 4.2.5. Auto Dock forecasts the binding conformations of flexible ligands to bio-macromolecular targets via the Lamarckian genetic technique. The technique involved adding Kollman charges and polar hydrogen to the ligand and protein molecules to produce the PDBQT files and combining non-polar bonds to produce molecular probes. To perform conformational search and docking simulation, the Lamarckian Genetic Algorithm (LGA) was chosen. PyMOL was used as a visualising tool. It was found that the principal binding forces in the interaction between Isophthalic acid derivatives and selected proteins were hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The molecular probe's ideal form revealed the affinity as a release of freebinding energy. The current research report aims to highlight the approachable nature of derivatives of isophthalic acid and paves the way for focused biological interactions.

3D reconstruction is widely used to create 3D representation of 2D images. 3D scanner is a device that takes scans or images of the object or environment and creates the 3D representation of it. While industrial 3D scanners use laser technology to do the scanning, the central goal of this work is to compare cost effective ways of 3D scanning and comparing their performance. In this work we use a camera to capture RGBD images then use three different techniques namely, the hardcoded meth to reconstruct the objects, SIFT algorithm and the ICP algorithm. The results demonstrate that the ICP method yields the most reliable reconstructions, evidenced by Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values approximately 0.0022 and fitness values reaching 0.9, indicating accuracy for objects such as a Rubik's cube and an orange fruit.

Abstract Background: Binge-watching is the habit of watching television or series for extended periods, often involving consecutive viewing of multiple episodes from the same series. This phenomenon is prevalent among adolescents and young adults, often likened to addiction due to its pervasive nature. It is intertwined with detrimental effects on physical health, mental well-being, social engagement, and academic performance. Neither the International Classification of Diseases, eleventh revision nor the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition have acknowledged binge-watching as a disorder. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the association of anxiety, depression, and sleep quality with binge-watching behavior in college students. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on students belonging to medical, dental, engineering, and arts. Sociodemographic details were taken. Binge-watching Engagement and Symptoms Questionnaire, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were applied. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. The Chi-square test and analysis of variance were used. Results: In our study, which included 400 students from various academic specialities, 364 (91%) displayed binge-watching behavior. A significant association was found between binge-watching and measures of anxiety (BAI, P = 0.02), depression (BDI, P = 0.01), and sleep quality (PSQI, P = 0.03). Conclusions: A large proportion of students exhibited binge-watching behaviors. These findings highlight the importance of addressing binge-watching behaviors in promoting overall well-being among students. There is a need to monitor this behavior due to its deleterious effects.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an uncommon genetic disorder that affects small blood vessels in the brain. It leads to neurological symptoms, disability-adjusted life years, and difficult emotional and physical situations for patients and their families. As unusual brain symptoms appear, it becomes important to understand the different clinical manifestations of CADASIL. Our case report and review examine several cases to demonstrate different presentations and management strategies ofCADASIL. A 52-year-old male with a family history of strokes at a young age from his father and paternal grandfather presented to a neurology clinic for left facial droop and drooling. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive periventricular and subcortical white matter disease, including the external capsule and subcortical white matter of the temporal lobe. Findings were suggestive of small vessel vasculopathy. A cerebral angiogram showed that all large extra- and intracranial vessels were patent without evidence of aneurysm formation. There was no obvious evidence of beading of the distal intracranial vessels. Cerebrospinal fluid studies were normal. The NOTCH3 mutation was sent to test for CADASIL, which came back positive. The patient was started on aspirin (81 mg) and atorvastatin (20 mg) daily. The patient was counseled on the possibility of having an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Aspirin and atorvastatin were continued, a neuropsychological evaluation was ordered, and CADASIL genetic counseling and testing were offered to him and his children. Over several years, patients developed several strokes and seizures due to infarcts. He also developed intraparenchymal hemorrhage complicated by dysphagia, requiring a feeding tube. Due to his severe physical debility, he was discharged to a nursing home for rehabilitation, where he did not improve with therapy and remained bedbound.He was discharged and sent home with his family. CADASIL can present as a diagnostic challenge due to its common presentation with migraines, transient ischemic attacks, and strokes, with or without risk factors. This unique presentation of CADASIL with facial palsy highlights the importance of emerging atypical presentations and the need for a detailed history of neuroimaging, family history, and personal history of neurovascular events. By accurately diagnosing the condition, patients and families can be counseled on the disease course and genetics. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach with neurology, genetic counseling, physical therapy, psychology, and psychiatry if depression or anxiety is present, with the aim of improving the patient's quality of life.