Villahermosa Institute of Technology

Este estudio de mercado enfoca las artesanías elaboradas por mujeres artesanas del municipio de Nacajuca, Tabasco, con el propósito de identificar oportunidades y tendencias en la demanda que contribuyan al fortalecimiento comercial del sector. Se analizaron las preferencias del consumidor, los canales de comercialización y los factores socioculturales que influyen en la percepción y adquisición de productos artesanales. La investigación se centra en la limitada información sobre la demanda y comportamiento del mercado de las artesanías elaboradas por artesanas del municipio de Nacajuca, Tabasco, lo que dificulta su posicionamiento comercial y sostenibilidad económica. Los participantes del estudio fueron mujeres artesanas de origen chontal, con edades entre 25 y 60 años, nivel académico básico a medio, y experiencia en la elaboración de productos tradicionales con fibras vegetales. La metodología empleada fue de tipo mixto. Se aplicaron encuestas estructuradas a consumidores y entrevistas semiestructuradas a artesanas, complementadas con observación directa en puntos de venta y ferias regionales. Se utilizó análisis estadístico descriptivo y categorización temática para interpretar los datos. Se identificaron oportunidades en el comercio electrónico, la personalización de productos y la vinculación con experiencias turísticas. También se detectaron debilidades en la promoción. En conclusión, las artesanías de Nacajuca requieren estrategias de segmentación de mercado, capacitación en marketing digital, mejora en la presentación de productos y alianzas con el sector turístico. Las implicaciones prácticas incluyen el diseño de programas de apoyo institucional y la creación de plataformas de venta en línea que visibilicen el trabajo artesanal con enfoque cultural.

The tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus) has significant ecological, economic, and cultural importance in southeast Mexico, where aquaculture is increasing and fish are frequently exposed to stress. In this sense, feed additives such as sage (Salvia officinalis) strengthen organisms’ growth, immune systems, antioxidant capacities, and digestive capabilities. A 30-day experiment was conducted on larvae to determine the effect of different concentrations of sage essential oil (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% treatments) supplemented in balanced diets. Significant differences (p < 0.05) between 0.5% and 2% sage oil supplement treatments for average weight were found. The highest acid and alkaline proteases, chymotrypsin, leucine aminopeptidase, amylase, and lipase activities were obtained for the sage oil-supplemented treatments. In contrast, trypsin showed the highest activity for treatment 0%, followed by diets with 0.5% and 2% sage oil. Regarding the antioxidant enzymatic activity for GPx, CAT and SOD, the highest activity was obtained in the diet with 1% sage oil, while in PEROx, the highest activity was recorded in the treatment with 0%, 1.5% and 2% S. officinalis supplementation. On the other hand, for relative gene expression, the highest expression was observed in sage-supplemented treatments for the nod, zo-1, zo-2, and occ genes. In contrast, the lowest expression was found in supplemented treatments for the il-10 and muc2 genes. These findings suggest that incorporating sage essential oil into the diets of tropical gar larvae, particularly at concentrations of 1.66% and 1.77%, holds potential for enhancing aquaculture practices for this important species.

Tomatoes are a fundamental part of the daily diet, rich in carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, and polyphenols. Nonetheless, optimal fruit yield and quality typically depend on the application of synthetic agrochemicals. However, the irrational use of these agrochemicals has caused various environmental problems. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternatives to conventional agrochemical products. Applying nanomaterials as fertilizers in tomato production is emerging as a promising approach, with documented improvements in germination, vegetative development, and fruit yield. Therefore, we present a comprehensive review of recent developments (2015–2024) in the application of nanomaterials in tomato crops, with a particular emphasis on the significance of nanomaterial characteristics in their role as fertilizers. Several types of nanomaterials, such as ZnO, Ag, TiO2, Si, hydroxyapatite, P, Zn, Se, CuO, Cu, Fe, Fe2O3, CaO, CaCO3, and S, have been evaluated as fertilizers for tomato crops, with ZnO nanoparticles being the most extensively studied. However, it is pertinent to conduct further research on the less-explored nanomaterials to gain a deeper understanding of their effects on seed germination, plant growth, and fruit quality and quantity.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of three commercial diets for ornamental fish (BIOMAA Spiruflake® (T1), Tetra TetraMin Tropical Flakes® (T2), LOMAS tropical fish flakes® (T3)) compared to a balanced feed for trout (Silver Cup TM (T4)) on the growth, survival, digestive enzyme activity, and intestinal and liver morphology of guppy (Poecilia reticulata) fry after 31 days of feeding. The highest growth was in T2 (0.101 ± 0.004 g) and T4 (0.084 ± 0.008 g) (p < 0.05). Fish fed with T1, T2, and T4 presented the greatest total length. T4 (98 ± 2.828%) and T1 (96 ± 5.656%) had the highest survival. Fish fed with T2 and T4 showed the best growth index values (AWG, SGR, FCR). T4 showed greater alkaline protease, trypsin, and chymotrypsin activity and better in vitro digestibility. The fish fed the T4 diet had the lowest intestinal fold height and the smallest hepatocyte diameter. A cheaper aquaculture diet (T4) significantly improved guppy juvenile nutrition compared to ornamental feeds. Further research should focus on developing species-specific ornamental diets for enhanced fish welfare.

The nopal cactus, a plant from the Cactaceae family, holds significant economic and nutritional value for Mexico. This study aimed to enhance the genetic diversity and morphological traits of Opuntia velutina, a species cultivated as a vegetable nopal. A total of 1050 in vitro O. velutina explants were exposed to 15 different doses of gamma radiation from 60Co gamma, ranging from 5 to 125 Gy. The lethal dose was above 50 Gy, with an LD50 of 22.8 Gy for stimulating in vitro shoot growth. Shoots derived from doses between 5 and 50 Gy were subjected to in vitro shoot proliferation across four consecutive generations to stabilize morphological traits. Cluster analysis categorized the 178 irradiated shoots into 13 distinct morphological groups (CG1–CG13). Twenty-seven shoots exhibiting significant morphological improvements, such as a 50–100% increase in cladode length, up to a six-fold increase in shoot number, and up to a seven-fold increase in root number, were selected for molecular analysis of genetic diversity. Six primers were used with the Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular markers to examine genetic uniformity, yielding 54.5% polymorphic bands, indicating a high level of genetic variation. Both a UPGMA dendrogram and STRUCTURE-based Bayesian analysis confirmed the genetic divergence among the selected mutant lines. Overall, gamma irradiation effectively enhanced both phenotypic and genotypic diversity in O. velutina. This study corroborates that in vitro mutagenesis through gamma radiation is a viable strategy for generating novel genotypes with breeding potential within the Opuntia genus.

El índice de titulación de una Institución de Educación Superior (IES) en México se emplea como un indicador de la capacidad de dicha institución para otorgar títulos a sus egresados. En la presente investigación, se analizan los factores que afectan la no titulación de los egresados del Tecnológico Nacional de México - Instituto Tecnológico de Villahermosa (TecNM – ITVH). Se exploran elementos de índole personal, socioeconómica e institucional para determinar cuáles son aquellos que pueden llegar a dificultar la finalización del proceso de titulación. Para tal fin, se llevó a cabo una encuesta a los egresados que solicitaron tramite de titulación durante el período comprendido entre noviembre de 2024 y enero de 2025, con una población de 87 encuestas realizadas. Se utilizó el software estadístico SPSS para proceder con el análisis de los datos recolectados. Los resultados mostraron una tendencia a solicitar el trámite de titulación en un período corto tras la conclusión de los estudios, así como un equilibrio entre egresados que se encuentran laborando al momento de solicitar dicho trámite y aquellos que no están empleados. Aunado a lo anterior el factor predominante que incide en la no titulación es la falta de tiempo disponible. Se recomienda la implementación de nuevas estrategias orientadas a mejorar la difusión del proceso de titulación.

Organizational productivity is a determining factor in the efficiency, competitiveness and sustainability of companies. Its optimization not only impacts profitability and business growth, but also influences employment generation, innovation and economic development. Productivity is affected by multiple factors, including human talent management, the adoption of innovative technologies, organizational culture and strategic leadership. This article analyzes the importance of productivity in the organizational environment, exploring the main elements that condition it and the most effective strategies for its improvement. Through a theoretical review, management models and approaches that have proven to be successful in different productive sectors are examined. It also discusses the relationship between productivity and competitiveness, emphasizing how efficient management allows organizations to improve their market positioning and adapt to a dynamic and globalized environment.