Virtual High School

Over the past few decades, cyber warfare has become what the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) calls a ‘policy subsystem’. This article asks: how far can ACF explain the policy dynamics of cyber warfare? The article argues that understanding key camps in global cybersecurity negotiations as advocacy coalitions has three theoretical benefits for scholarship on cyber warfare. First, the ACF’s detailed account of coalition formation helps explain the interplay between normative and strategic considerations on cyber warfare at different levels of coalition commitment. Second, the ACF’s emphasis on internal and external ‘subsystem shocks’ as catalysts for policy change helps to identify key events in each coalition’s narrative of cyber warfare and the framing power of these events on negotiations over policy. Third, the ACF stresses the role of coalition building as a necessary step to achieve policy change, and thus sheds a fresh light on recent diplomatic initiatives related to cyber warfare, from commercial spyware regulation to counter-ransomware campaigns. Finally, we highlight some conceptual challenges posed by cyber warfare to the ACF, as cyberspace offers wider – and more effective – possibilities for coalition action beyond advocacy.

To describe medical management surrounding withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST) in nine U.S. PICUs. Retrospective, secondary analysis of the "Death One Hour After Terminal Extubation" (DONATE) cohort (2009-2021) assessing usage patterns of: 1) analgesics and sedatives; 2) vasoactive infusions; 3) neuromuscular blockade; and 4) post-extubation respiratory support. Nine U.S. PICUs. Children and adolescents 0-21 years old, who had died after WLST (discontinuation of invasive mechanical ventilation). None. Of 905 patients, 680 (75.1%) died within 1 hour of WLST. Opioids were administered in 721 of 905 patients (79.7%); across sites the range was 68-89% ( p < 0.001). We did not observe a temporal trend. Benzodiazepines were used in 507 of 905 patients (56.0%; site range, 41-66%; p < 0.001), with lower odds of usage per year (odds ratio [OR], 0.95 per year; 95% CI, 0.90-0.99 per year; p = 0.04). Dexmedetomidine was used in 140 of 905 patients (15.5%; sites range, 4-21%; p = 0.002), with greater odds of usage per year (OR, 1.16 per year; 95% CI, 1.05-1.27 per year; p = 0.004). Vasoactive infusions were discontinued in 458 of 520 patients (88.1%) receiving this medication (site range, 59-100%; p < 0.001), with greater odds of discontinuation per year (OR, 1.15 per year; 95% CI, 1.04-1.26 per year; p = 0.007). Neuromuscular blockade was used in 46 of 905 patients (5.1%; sites range, 0-13%; p < 0.001), with greater odds of usage per year (OR, 1.23 per year; 95% CI, 1.08-1.40 per year; p = 0.002). Use of any post-extubation respiratory support occurred in 50 of 905 patients (5.5%), and we did not identify an association with site or year-on-year trend. The 2009-2021 DONATE dataset shows substantial institutional and temporal variability in WLST practices across our nine collaborating PICUs in the United States. Future studies should focus on understanding the drivers of variability to improve the consistency and quality of end-of-life management.

Rising educational attainment and changing cultural preferences have substantially altered consumer demand in Chinas interactive entertainment sector. The success of the otome game Love and Deepspace reflects this broader transformation: its advanced 3D rendering, customizable character features, and personalized interaction design have established new standards for female-oriented digital media. Building on this momentum, the developer has expanded into an integrated merchandise ecosystem and deployed cumulative recharge mechanisms to strengthen user engagement and increase monetization. This study conducts an empirical analysis of consumer behavior in the otome game merchandise market using survey data from 100 respondents. A series of statistical tests is applied to evaluate how demographic, behavioral, and perceptual factors shape merchandise consumption. The findings show that demographic characteristics provide limited explanatory power for spending variation, whereas engagement intensity, prior gameplay experience, and aesthetic evaluations of merchandise are the primary determinants of purchase behavior. These results highlight the importance of emotional involvement and visual design in driving otome-related consumption and contribute to a growing body of research on game-based merchandising and fandom-driven markets. The study further offers managerial implications for firms seeking to refine monetization strategies within rapidly expanding female-oriented game ecosystems.

El objetivo de esta investigación bibliográfica es explorar en profundidad las diversas técnicas computacionales empleadas para el análisis de secuenciación masiva de ADN en el contexto de la medicina personalizada. Se examinan tanto los enfoques tradicionales como las innovaciones recientes en este campo, destacando sus aplicaciones, ventajas y limitaciones. Además, se abordan las líneas de investigación emergentes en la intersección entre la informática y la genómica, con el fin de promover el avance continuo en la prestación de atención médica personalizada y precisa. La investigación enfatiza la necesidad de adoptar un enfoque multidisciplinario que garantice la privacidad de los datos de pacientes, para lograr diagnósticos precisos y aprovechar plenamente los avances en el análisis de ADN. Tecnologías como Machine Learning, Deep Learning e Inteligencia Artificial desempeñan un papel fundamental en la gestión y el análisis de grandes volúmenes de datos genómicos, permitiendo la integración de datos que aporta una visión más completa de los sistemas biológicos. Además, se analizan modelos mecanicistas metabólicos y cuantitativos orientados a la personalización de tratamientos para enfermedades como la obesidad, el cáncer y el Alzheimer

This study seeks to promote a paradigm shift in upper secondary education through the application of neurodidactics to develop self-management skills in students, fostering their active and reflective participation in the teaching–learning process. Additionally, it evaluates mathematics teachers’ perceptions of their effectiveness in using ICT as a foundation to strengthen self-directed learning. The main issue identified is teachers’ difficulty in achieving mathematical competencies and students’ lack of engagement in their own learning process. The study employed a quantitative approach, using both deductive and inductive methods, supported by questionnaires and statistical analysis through the Student’s t-test. The results show that the implementation of neurodidactic strategies enhances the development of self-management skills and mathematical competencies in ICT-mediated environments. It is concluded that neurodidactics transform teaching practices and promote meaningful learning based on self-management and awareness of the educational process.

Libraries can play a role in navigating the Artificial Intelligence (AI) era by integrating these tools into information literacy (IL) programs. To implement generative AI tools like ChatGPT effectively, it is important to understand the attitudes of library professionals involved in IL instruction toward this tool and their intention to use it for instruction. This study explored perceptions of ChatGPT using survey data that included acceptance factors and potential uses derived from the emerging literature. While some librarians saw potential, others found it too unreliable to be useful; however, the vast majority imagined utilizing the tool in the future

Abstract This study examines the relationship between malaria incidence and three fundamental public health indicators — access to clean water, access to sanitation, and vitamin A supplementation coverage — among sub-Saharan African countries. Using country-level data from global health databases, the analysis applied nonparametric statistical tests and machine learning models to estimate how strongly these variables relate to malaria burden. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc tests indicated significant differences in malaria incidence between water and sanitation access groups, with countries in the lowest access groups exhibiting significantly higher incidence. Cliff’s delta effect sizes indicated large differences, particularly between low and high access groups. Vitamin A supplementation showed some statistically significant differences, but its effect sizes were generally small. Machine learning models, specifically tree-based models, demonstrated moderate predictive ability, outperforming logistic regression in terms of classification accuracy and recall. The findings demonstrate the importance of basic infrastructure, particularly clean water and sanitation, in reducing malaria incidence. They underscore the value of ensuring access to these services as part of malaria control efforts and point to opportunities for enhancing predictive modeling in future global health research.