W. L. Gore & Associates (Germany)

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to analise current scientific literature regarding the impact of glutamine supplementation on muscle repair, post-exercise recovery, and skeletal muscle preservation. It also examines the biological pathways through which glutamine may exert its effects, including modulation of inflammation and enhancement of protein turnover. Methodology: A review of scientific literature was performed, focusing on studies investigating the effects of glutamine supplementation on skeletal muscle recovery and function. The review includes experimental studies, clinical trials, and narrative reviews involving both athletic and clinical populations, with attention to various training conditions, health statuses, and supplementation strategies. Findings: The evidence indicates that glutamine can support recovery processes by mitigating muscle inflammation, improving redox balance, and promoting anabolic signalling. However, the degree of effectiveness varies, with more pronounced benefits observed in clinical and stress-related conditions compared to healthy individuals. The influence of dosage, supplementation timing, and individual variability remains a key consideration. Conclusions: Glutamine shows potential as a supportive agent in muscle regeneration, particularly in contexts of physical stress, illness, or injury. Further studies are needed to define its role in athletic, healthy populations and to optimize administration strategies based on individual needs and health status.

Emotional exhaustion (EE)-the first stage of burnout-is related to preventable work environment exposures. We examined the understudied impact of organizational support for safety (OSS) and safety hazards (SH) on EE in a mixed licensed and unlicensed population of healthcare workers (HCWs). A work environment exposures survey was conducted in five US public healthcare facilities in 2018-2019. A total of 1059 questionnaires were collected from a predominantly female population of mixed HCWs. Mean EE scores were higher among women, direct care workers, and younger subjects. In linear regression models, EE was positively associated with SH, emotional labor, psychological demands, physical demands, job strain, assault, and negative acts, while OSS was negatively associated. Safety hazard s both mediated and moderated the relationship between OSS and EE. When perception of SH is high, OSS has less impact on reducing EE, suggesting a need to effectively put safety policies to practice for improving EE in HCWS.

Objectives: Sacral chordoma (SC) is a rare, aggressive tumor with a high recurrence rate and originates from notochordal remnants.SC is difficult to differentiate with its non-specific symptoms such as lower back pain.Surgical treatment and radiotherapy are first-line treatments.Resection with wide margins is vital for the prevention of recurrence. Materials and Methods:Nine patients diagnosed with SC between January 2014 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.All adult patients with SC were included in the study.Pediatric population was excluded from the study.Pathology, radiology and surgical records of the patients' were used.Mean age was 53.2.Results: Two out of 9 patients died during follow-up and 5 patients had local recurrence.No metastasis was observed. Conclusion:Current evidence shows that surgical treatment is necessary for SC's treatment.Radiotherapy is also an important aspect of the treatment.Existing evidence should be meta-analyzed for a better understanding of SC's treatment and outcomes.

Skin is the largest organ of the human body and fulfills many important functions, like detecting mechanical stimuli. Skin can be divided into glabrous (non-hairy) and hairy skin. These two skin types differ with regard to their mechanical properties and in the distribution of mechanoreceptors. Although many investigations focus on glabrous skin, hairy skin still plays a fundamental role in various activities, e.g., with regard to the perception of pleasantness or for developing wearable vibrotactile devices for pattern recognition in persons with disabilities. Unfortunately, investigations on influencing factors, like vertical contactor force, are scarce for hairy skin. Similarly, it would also be interesting to investigate whether regional vibratory sensitivity differences are present across the human torso. Hence, this study investigated the effects of vertical contactor forces and different anatomical locations on vibration perception. Four anatomical torso regions were studied. Based on findings in glabrous skin, we generally hypothesized improved vibration perception with increasing contactor forces and regional sensitivity differences between the anatomical locations. Forty young and healthy individuals participated (23.0 ± 2.0 yrs), and vibration perception thresholds (VPTs) were determined at 30 Hz for three vertical force levels (0.6, 2.4, and 4.8 N) at four torso locations (sternum, deltoid/shoulder, lower back, middle lateral torso side). Higher contactor forces resulted in lower VPTs corresponding to improved vibration perception, regardless of anatomical location. In addition, the sternum region was more sensitive than the remaining three regions, regardless of force level. The reasons for these findings may be a varying number and activation pattern of afferents activated under the different conditions. The findings of this study complement the understanding of vibrotactile sensitivity in hairy skin and may offer implications when developing vibrotactile devices or clothing/textiles, for example.

To compare postenhancement visual acuity between patients who underwent postcataract laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). A private, tertiary referral practice in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. 3-year, retrospective chart review. Patients who underwent postcataract extraction excimer laser enhancement surgery targeted for emmetropia (±0.50 diopter). Postenhancement uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) was recorded for all available follow-ups and compared for both groups. 822 postcataract enhanced eyes (491 LASIK; 331 PRK). For patients with at least 6-month follow-up, mean UDVA was 0.05 ± 0.13 logMAR in LASIK-enhanced patients and 0.15 ± 0.20 in PRK-enhanced patients ( P < .001). Mean absolute value MRSE was 0.22 ± 0.36 and 0.48 ± 0.62 for LASIK-enhanced and PRK-enhanced patients at or beyond 6 months, respectively ( P < .001). 330 (67%) LASIK-enhanced patients achieved 20/20 or better postenhancement UDVA, compared with 142 (43%) PRK-enhanced patients ( P < .001). Controlling for pre-enhancement UDVA, LASIK-enhanced patients showed significantly better postenhancement UDVA than PRK-enhanced patients, except in those with pre-enhancement vision of 20/20 or better, or those worse than 20/50. LASIK-enhanced virgin corneas had mean postenhancement of 0.05 ± 0.14 UDVA compared with 0.13 ± 0.19 UDVA in PRK-enhanced virgin cornea patients ( P < .001). LASIK provides better and more predictable outcomes in UDVA than PRK in postcataract enhancement patients, even when controlling for pre-enhancement visual acuity and prior ocular procedures.

Yüzyıllardır insanların tıbbi uygulamalarda kullandıkları ilaçları nasıl keşfettikleri önemli bir sorudur. Hayvan ve birçok materyalin bütünü veya bazı bölümlerinin vücuda benzerliklerinden yararlanılarak kullanılması ile hastalıkların tedavi olacağı ya da hastalıklardan koruyacağına inanılmıştır. Sinyatür teo-risi XVI. ve XVII. yüzyılda hekimler tarafından detaylı bir şekilde tanımlanmıştır. Bu teoriye göre her bir materyal sahip olduğu özelliğe göre iyileştiricilik gücüne sahiptir. Tedavide ilaç etkinliğinin bilinmediği dönemlerde tıbbi eserlerde yer alan bitkilerin ya da hayvan ürünlerinin "sinyatür teorisi"nde var olan

Göç krizinin başlangıcında tüm dünya dikkatini konuya çevirmişken, korona virüs salgını koşulları nedeniyle tüm ülkeler kendi uluslarının sağlığına, sınırlarının güvenliğine öncelik verdikleri ve mülteci meselesini yeniden rafa kaldırdıkları açıkça görülmektedir. Yaşadığımız süreci istisna-i hal kapsamında değerlendirdiğimizde mültecileri ikincil konu olarak görmek ve ulus-devlet meselelerine daha fazla önem vermek bu çalışmanın çıkış noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Giorgio Agamben'e göre, egemen güç, istisnai durumlarda ve zamanlarda yasayı askıya alma ve / veya yasanın uygulamaya konulmasını erteleme yeteneğine sahip olabilir. Agamben analojisinden yola çıkarak, Korona virüs döneminin istisnai zamanlar olarak görülebilmesi ve çoğu ülkenin önceliklerini kendi topraklarına ve insanlarına yönlendirmesi nedeniyle mülteciler de homo sacer olarak görülebilir. Bu çalışma, iki ülkeyi göç politikaları, ülkede yaşayan Suriyeli Mülteci sayıları, din, göçmen türleri gibi farklı özellikler içinde karşılaştırarak Suriyeli mültecilerin kutsal insan analojisine ilişkin koşullarını açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bunun için Almanya ve Türkiye farklı parametrelerle analiz edilecektir. Ardından, ülkede toplumsal olarak ait oldukları pozisyon, çalışmanın denklemine değişken olarak eklenecektir. Ülkenin GSYİH seviyesi, nüfusu, dini, göç politikası ve mültecilerin geliş şekli bağımsız değişkenler olarak eklenecektir. Bu çalışmanın temel araştırma sorusu, "Suriyeli Mültecilerin toplumsal pozisyonları ile ülkenin yapısal özellikleri arasında bir ilişki var mıdır?" dır. Dolayısıyla bu soruyu yanıtlamak için bağımlı değişken (Suriyeli mültecilerin toplumsal aidiyet düzeyi) ve bağımsız değişkenler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı sonuçlar varsa ilişkiyi ve yönünü bulmak için karşılaştırmalı analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilecektir. Bu çalışma, göç literatürüne hem nadiren kullanılan kuramsal perspektiflerden bakarak hem de veri toplama sürecinde nicel (anket) ve nitel (doküman analizi) yöntemleri aynı anda kullanarak katkıda bulunmayı hedeflemektedir.