Witness

BackgroundDisparities in lung cancer outcomes persist among Black Americans, necessitating targeted interventions to address screening inequities. This paper reports the development and refinement of Witness Project® Lung, a community-based initiative tailored to the specific needs of the Black community, aiming to improve awareness and engagement with lung cancer screening.MethodsUtilizing a user-centered design and guided by the original Witness Project® framework – an evidence-based lay health advisor intervention program originally developed to increase knowledge and awareness about breast cancer risk and screening in the Black community and later trans-created to the cervical and colorectal cancer screening contexts - Witness Project® Lung was developed and refined through qualitative input from key stakeholders in the Black faith community. Guided by the PEN-3 model and the Conceptual Model for Lung Cancer Screening Participation, the program underwent a rigorous development process to ensure cultural relevance and was pilot tested in the New York City metropolitan area in faith-based and community-based organizational sites in the Black community.ResultsPilot testing conducted in New York and New Jersey demonstrated high acceptability, satisfaction, and increased knowledge among participants. The community-based approach, culturally sensitive messaging, and partnerships with faith-based organizations were critical to the refinements of Witness Project® to Witness Project® Lung. The program’s focus on addressing social determinants of health and its delivery by trained lay health advisors showcased feasibility and potential effectiveness. Witness Project® Lung presents a promising alternative to traditional health system-based interventions for improving lung screening rates among Black Americans.ConclusionsThe community-based, culturally tailored approach, coupled with the involvement of trusted community leaders, has the potential to reduce disparities in lung cancer outcomes. Further research is needed to assess the long-term impact and cost-effectiveness of Witness Project® Lung in promoting lung screening uptake and improving health outcomes within underserved populations.

As South Africa’s governing African National Congress unravelled in the late 2010s, a new stream of research emerged on the crisis of urban governance – power cuts, water outages – as municipal budgets faltered and ageing infrastructure cracked. These crises were sharpest in South Africa’s secondary cities, which had faster rates of demographic growth, higher rates of poverty and weaker fiscal bases: hence this study of Pietermaritzburg/Msunduzi. We argue that rather than centrally focusing on clientelism and corruption inside the ruling party – there is already plenty of excellent research in this vein – researchers might gain new insights by looking at the relationships between state and society (‘social contracts’) embedded in fiscal relationships. Crucially, large and mid-sized South African cities fund most of their redistributive reconstruction and development programmes from local taxes and service charges. Hence, Pietermaritzburg/Msunduzi’s financial meltdown may be explained if we focus centrally on the collapse of the social contract.

Profesora, investigadora y artista, Susan Schuppli es directora del Centre for Research Architecture de Goldsmiths, Universidad de Londres. También es directora del consejo de Forensic Architecture, donde está afiliada como artista-investigadora. A través de su trabajo, Schuppli examina pruebas materiales de conflictos que van desde guerras hasta desastres medioambientales y cambio climático. Es autora de Material Witness (MIT Press, 2020). En 2016 fue galardonada con el Premio Infinity del ICP. Su trabajo anterior como artista-investigadora y escritora exploró la evidencia material, concretamente las formas en que testigos no-humanos participan en juicios y testifican en tribunales en causas relacionadas con acontecimientos históricos, en particular relacionadas con la violencia política, los conflictos étnicos y los crímenes de guerra. Actualmente, a través de su investigación y su producción artística expande estas investigaciones para examinar cómo los sistemas medioambientales y las transformaciones provocadas por el calentamiento global están generando nuevas formas de evidencia: creando, en efecto, un archivo planetario de testigos materiales. Su trabajo actual se enfoca en aprender del hielo y las políticas del frío.

This chapter explores the ways in which literate programming environments such as Jupyter Notebooks can help make data journalism reproducible, less error prone and more collaborative.

There are approximately 8.5 million Jehovah's Witnesses and around 150,000 live in Great Britain and Ireland. Based on their beliefs and core values, Jehovah's Witnesses refuse blood component transfusion (including red cells, plasma and platelets). They regard non-consensual transfusion as a physical violation. Consent to treatment is at the heart of this guideline. Refusal of treatment by an adult with capacity is lawful. The reasons why a patient might refuse transfusion and the implications are examined. The processes and products that are deemed acceptable or unacceptable to Jehovah's Witnesses are described. When a team is faced with a patient who refuses transfusion, a thorough review of the clinical situation is advocated and all options for treatment should be explored. After discussion, a plan should then be made that is acceptable to the patient and appropriate consent obtained. When agreement cannot be reached between the doctor and the patient, referral for a second opinion should be considered. When the patient is a child, the same strategy should be used but on occasion the clinical team may have to obtain legal help.

"Take care of yourself" may be one of the most ubiquitous phrases spoken to people who are ill or to their caretakers. Yet few people who offer it as a balm consider what the self experience is of the person to whom the injunction is offered. We unravel some of the paradoxes inherent in the phrase, illustrating complexities that arise in the context of a life-threatening diagnosis. To illustrate the relational nature of the self, we analyze a partial transcript of an interview conducted in 1988 with the authors-a family therapist mother who had recently undergone surgery for breast cancer and her then 9-year-old daughter. We also examine the role of time in the interview. We propose that unlike PTSD when the past invades the present, in life-threatening illness the future is foreclosed, leading to distortions in current perception and behavior. The second author presents a follow-up to the interview and relates it to her current experience as a mother with chronic health issues. We close with suggestions for clinicians.

There are a great many useful articles on the dynamics and pragmatics of reflecting teams but few articles address what constitutes a good or inept reflection and why. I provide a conceptual model for thinking about what a good reflection does, distinguishing it from a nice reflection. With some further refinements in place, I then illustrate how reflections can be part of any relationship, not just clinical ones. We have opportunities to make them and to recognize when others make them to us. By using examples from my personal life-as a grandmother, daughter, radio listener, cancer survivor, and client-I attempt to ease the personal/professional binary, a project of mine for the last 35years. In the second part of the article, I address how writing can serve reflection. Although best offered at the moment one is called for, it is never too late for a reflection. Writing allows people to offer reflections after the fact to those who have shared their stories. Sometimes, it is to ourselves we offer those reflections, when the reflector has long since dropped the thread of obligation or interest. I provide an example of working with iconic imagery to unpack meaning so that reflection can eventually take place, allowing integration to proceed, facilitating the strange becoming the familiar.

Clio – Quelle est votre expérience d’histoire orale en pays communiste ? SC : Membre d’une association constituée auprès de la BDIC (Bibliothèque de Documentation Internationale Contemporaine) et du CNRS, j’ai effectué plusieurs missions en Europe de l’Est dans les années 1980, puis immédiatement après le changement de régime, au tournant des années 1980-1990. L’objectif de l’association était de collecter la mémoire d’acteurs et témoins d’événements historiques – ou considérés comme tels dep...