Yeungjin College

The majority of adolescents use smartphones, and their overdependence on smartphones has emerged as a serious social issue. Although studies have explored the effect of smartphone overdependence on adolescent problem behaviors, research on its influence on sexual behavior is scarce. This study aimed to examine the association between smartphone overdependence and sexual behavior among adolescents. This study used data from the 19th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey conducted in 2023. Smartphone overdependence was the independent variable, and sexual behaviors (sexual intercourse and contraceptive use) were the dependent variables. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to control for confounding variables. The study participants included 52,880 adolescents aged 13-18 years. Among them, 28.0% (n=14,672) were classified as smartphone overdependent, 6.5% (n=3,349) had sexual experience, and 65% (n=2,182) of those with sexual experience reported using contraception. Smartphone overdependence was not significantly associated with sexual experience but was significantly associated with contraceptive use. Adolescents in the non-overdependent group were 1.27 times more likely to use contraception than those in the smartphone overdependent group (95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.52; p<.007). The findings highlight a significant association between smartphone overdependence and contraceptive use among adolescents. Policy interventions and educational strategies that consider adolescents' smartphone usage patterns and trait factors are necessary.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the levels of fatigue, social support, spiritual well‐being, and distress of female cancer survivors at the workplace, and identify factors associated with distress.MethodsOne hundred and eighty‐two working female cancer survivors participated from the outpatient ward in two medical institutions in South Korea and they completed questionnaires assessing their general characteristics, fatigue, social support (colleagues and superiors), and spiritual well‐being distress (existential and religious well‐being). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T‐test, one‐way ANOVA, correlation, and multiple linear regression with SPSS /WIN18 version.ResultsMost of the participants were breast and thyroid cancer (78.5%), married (46.2%), working periods below 10 years (62.7%) and the average age was 49.7 years. Distress positively correlated with fatigue and significant predictors of distress were “type of work” and “main source of household income” among general characteristics, fatigue, religious well‐being, and existential well‐being.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that integrated program including educational and practical factors to reduce fatigue and increase spiritual well‐being (i.e., peace, faith, meaning, et al.) can decrease distress. Whereas, the “ambivalence” of God accompanied by high religious well‐being (i.e., punishment, abandon, blame, and so on) can rather increase distress. The development of an integrated management system of distress at work can be applied as a practical factor to improve job satisfaction, organizational performance, and quality of life.

The objective of this study is to provide the basic data for strengthening the communication learning competency of effective clinical training by understanding the performance of therapeutic communication knowledge application and technique during clinical training of nursing college students. Using the SPSS 21.0 Program for the data analysis, the t-tests and one-way ANOVA were conducted. The performance of therapeutic communication knowledge application and technique showed significant differences in grade, economic condition, and clinical training period. The mean performance of therapeutic communication knowledge application and technique was 1.860.15 while the problem recognition was the highest and the provision of information was the lowest. In the results of analyzing the factors having effects on the performance of therapeutic communication knowledge application and technique, the grade explained 19.4%. To strengthen the therapeutic communication competency out of learning strategies of clinical training for nursing college students, the adaptation to the skilled environment and technique would be needed, so it would be necessary to develop the educational intervention program for effective education methods and teaching/learning strategies during clinical training.

This study examines the effect of capital lease and operating lease options in accounting on credit ratings and the cost of debt using data for 13 years (2001 to 2013) on 6133 listed and unlisted domestic firms in Korea that recognize leases on financial statements. We use the Heckman two-stage model to control for sample selection bias from lease selection. The first stage is the probit regression in which the dependent variable is a dummy variable on the lease selection and the explanatory variables are factors known to affect lease selection. The second stage consists of the ordered probit regression model and the ordinary least square regression model where the dependent variables are credit rating and cost of debt, respectively. The results show that lease selection does not significantly affect corporate credit ratings—however, in terms of the cost of debt, enterprises that adopt operating leases spend considerably less than firms that engage in capital leases. Further analysis suggests that the results for credit ratings do not differ by listing status. However, the cost of debt for listed companies does not seem to differ by lease selection, while unlisted firms see a sharp decline in their cost of debt when they choose operating leases over capital leases.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of group narrative therapy on aggression, depression, and resilience in adolescents with conduct disorder tendency. Methods: Group narrative therapy was conducted from March 7, 2011 to May 3, 2011. The participants were 66 adolescents with conduct disorder tendency living in D city. The participants were divided into two groups, the experimental group (n=32) and the control group (n=34). The experimental group received a 8-session group narrative therapy intervention. Using the SPSS/WIN 17.0 program, data were analyzed by Qui-square test, t-test and ANCOVA. Results: After attending the group narrative therapy, significant differences were found in terms of aggression, depression, and resilience scores between the experimental group and the control group (F=2.77, p=.006; F=2.22, p=.027; F=2.67, p=.008). Conclusion: Group narrative therapy increased resilience and decreased depression and aggression in the experimental group compared to the control group. Therefore, it can be concluded that group narrative therapy programs are an effective nursing intervention for school adaptation in adolescents with conduct disorder tendency.

This study aims to verify the effects of different methods of debt financing on firm value. The most common methods used by firms to finance its operations are directly issuing corporate bonds in the capital market and borrowing through financial institutions such as banks. From the accounting perspective, there is no difference between corporate bonds and bank loans. However, from the economic perspective, corporate bonds and bank loans are different in terms of their characteristics. This study conducts with the assumption that the attributes of the type of debt selected determine its impact on firm value. The results indicate that firms that use corporate bonds more frequently than bank loans have a higher value.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting agitation in patients with dementia who live in nursing homes. Factors including background and proximal factors based on the Algase's Need-Driven Dementia-Compromised Behavior model were tested. Methods: Data collection was performed from Dec. 1 to 28 2015, and 193 elders from 4 nursing homes participated in this study. The instruments included CMAI (Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory), K-MMSE (Korean Mini-Mental State Examination), Holden Communication Scale, K-ADL (Korea Activity of Daily Living scale), DS-DAT (Discomfort scale-Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type), CSDD (The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia), NPI (Neuropsychiatric Inventory), as well as items on the physical and psychosocial environment. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe and Dunnet T3, Pearson correlation and multiple regression. Results: Multiple regression analyses identified hallucination (=.24), delusion (=.22), pain (=.15), and the total period of being diagnosed with dementia (=.10) as significant predictors of agitation and these factors explained 36.0% of the variance in the model. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that hallucination delusion, pain and total period of being diagnosed with dementia need to be considered when developing intervention programs to control agitation in patients with dementia.

Small cell deployment using Home eNB improves the LTE/LTE Advanced network coverage and capacity providing its relay and data offloading functions. However, latency of inbound mobility to the small cell is a critical obstacle to the deployment because it spends much time detecting an associated small cell due to its sparse deployment and identifying the target small cell because of the delay caused by the verification procedure required before performing inbound handover to the target. Therefore, the inbound handover latency should be minimized to encourage the deployment of the Home eNB. To tackle the handover latency problem, this paper proposes a practically possible solution for design of Layer 1 search/measure scheduler in LTE small cell-associated user equipment. The proposed strategy especially enhances the performance of the LTE Home eNB discovery and guarantees to meet the requirements defined in the corresponding conformance test specifications. Performance evaluation by computer simulation shows that the proposed scheme provides a proper guideline on the Layer 1 software implementation.

In this paper, a high-capacity data hiding method based on the index function is presented. The cover image is divided into non-overlapping sub-blocks, and the basis pixel is calculated by the index function. Difference values with other pixel-pairs are referenced to decide the number of embedding secret bits with the range table. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method could embed 2.45 bpp on average without distortion to the human visual system. We showed that the embedding capacity of the proposed method is 214,227 bits, 213,879 bits, 9,445 bits, 12,240 bits, and 109,253 bits larger than previous works on average for 12 test images.