York Minster

ABSTRACT This essay delves into the author’s experience of shame, analysed through Jungian and Existential-Phenomenological perspectives. Shame, a pervasive emotion, profoundly impacts the author’s sense of self and relationships. The essay highlights the distinction between shame and guilt, emphasizing shame’s deep-rooted presence since childhood. The author explores the interplay between shame and other emotions, discussing how it shapes behaviours and coping mechanisms like people-pleasing and eating disorders. The discussion extends to the Jungian concepts of the persona and shadow, illustrating how societal roles and repressed aspects of the self-contribute to the experience of shame. Through personal anecdotes, the author reflects on how these concepts manifest in daily life and therapeutic settings. The essay also examines Existential-Phenomenological therapy, focusing on Ernesto Spinelli’s work. This approach views shame as a relational, embodied phenomenon, highlighting the therapeutic relationship’s role in reshaping self-narratives. The author reflects on the transformative potential of therapy, emphasizing the importance of choice and agency in overcoming shame. Ultimately, the essay advocates a nuanced approach that incorporates intersectional considerations, recognizing the complex dynamics of shame across diverse identities. By integrating insights from both frameworks, the author envisions a path toward self-awareness, healing, and authentic living.

Abstract INTRODUCTION Local control remains a major challenge in the surgical management of recurrent glioblastomas. Brachytherapy, such as Gammatile, offers a promising solution by delivering targeted radiation to the surgical bed. Here, we report the outcome of 60 consecutive recurrent glioblastoma patients who underwent resection/GT-implant. METHODS Clinical information was collected for consecutive, recurrent glioblastoma (isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type) patients treated at the University of Minnesota, Honor Health, Robert Wood Johnson, Emory, Allegheny Health, East Carolina University, and Inova. Median progression-free and overall survival (mPFS and mOS) were calculated from the time of GT implant and stratified by methyl-guanine-methyl transferase (MGMT) status. RESULTS The study cohort comprised 47 male and 13 female subjects, with 1-3 previous glioblastoma recurrences. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) decreased post-resection/GT implant in 24 patients (41.2%); all experienced functional recovery, but to variable extents. Surgical/GT morbidities (6%) included hemorrhage, wound infection, and radiation necrosis (each at 1/60 or 2%). The median hospital stay was 2 days (range: 1- 21 days). 16.7% of the cohort required 30-day readmission, comparable to the expected readmission rate for craniotomy alone. There was no instance of rapid early recurrence, defined as tumor regrowth in the first MRI following surgical resection. Actuarial local control at one year was 92% and 80% for MGMT-methylated and -unmethylated patients, respectively (p=0.17). MGMT-methylated patients showed improved OS (mOS=14.7 mo) compared to unmethylated patients (mOS=7.9 mo, p=0.01). These results compare favorably to historical survival for these patient cohorts. Patients who showed a KPS decline after resection/GT-implant showed reduced OS relative to those with stable/improved KPS (mOS of 388 and 218 days, respectively, p=0.03). The number of tumor recurrences or prior bevacizumab did not prognosticate survival. CONCLUSION This multi-institutional experience supports the safety and efficacy of GT brachytherapy and provides a basis for selecting patients who would most benefit from this treatment.

ABSTRACT This essay explores a deeply personal relationship between death, authenticity, and responsibility. Guided by the wisdom of Martin Heidegger, Emmanuel Levinas, and Irvin D. Yalom, I explore how mortality shapes our psychological and ethical lives and focus on the conflicts that arise between authentic and responsible living. Heidegger’s concepts of Being-Towards-Death are examined alongside Levinas’ Infinite Responsibility, which challenges the notion that death is a solitary experience, while Yalom’s practical insights provide a route out of the armchair and into the therapy room. This essay is a self-reflective exploration to find the potential for confronting grief as a transformative force and how this potent experience shapes our sense of self and our relationships with others.

Prospect Theory (Kahneman and Tversky, 1979) is a highly influential theory that predicts decision making when people are confronted with choices involving gains or losses with different degrees of uncertainty. Prospect Theory argues that people are generally risk averse when it comes to seeking gains and risk seeking when it comes to avoiding losses. Leddo et al. (2019) noted that the original formulation of Prospect Theory did not take into account people’s goals. They argued that people would be willing to take risks to achieve goals but become more risk averse once those goals are achieved, and they would become risk averse when confronted with losses in order to avoid a highly negative outcome but become more risk seeking to negate the negative outcome once that outcome occurred. Leddo et al.’s research confirmed this hypothesis, leading to a revision of Prospect Theory’s value function. The present research investigates whether the same revised value function can predict decisions made by people in other cultures. Accordingly, the present paper investigates whether the Leddo et al. (2019) findings will hold up with people from Argentina, a high-income country with a mixed economic system. In the present study 82 Argentine residents from the ages 15-75 were given scenarios involving sports decisions involving gains or losses above or below defined aspiration and avoidance levels (four scenarios in total with an average of 17 participants per scenario). Results showed that participants demonstrated the same frequency of risk-seeking behaviors for decisions involving losses than those involving gains, inconsistent with the original Kahneman and Tversky (1979) framework and consistent with the revised Leddo et al. (2019) framework. Additionally, participants showed more risk seeking behaviors for decisions involving outcomes below the avoidance and aspiration levels than for decisions involving outcomes above the avoidance and aspiration levels, consistent with the revised Leddo et al. (2019) framework. This held up individually for both gains and losses.

Field experiment conducted at summer in two season 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 on clay sandy soil in Al-Diwanyia. The experiment was design as Complete randomized block designing with three replications arranged for split-pilot design, and Lest Significant Deference's( LSD) 0.05 the main treatment contend two groups seeds rate 25 and 50 Kg ha-1 within there four levels of Nano Ca( 0 , 30 , 60 , 90) PPM I took sample of soil before planting to analysis it and to learn physical and chemical properties table 1. Cowpea( Vigna unguiculata L.) were sowing at two rates 25 and 50kg.ha-1(3 cm depth) at 1/4 , after 7 months I took a samples to measure . The results showed all factors and interactions were significant effect and increased all growth traits (plant height, number of leaves per plant and stem diameter , plant content of protein , carbohydrate total Chlorophyll and fats and active substances ,) lead to increased grain yield max values (2.72 Ton.ha-1) at interaction of 25 seeds rate and 90 ppm Ca Nanoparticles level, while min value(1.9 Ton.ha-1) at interaction 50 seed rate and 0 ppm Ca Nanoparticles level.

Prospect Theory Prospect Theory argues that people are generally risk averse when it comes to seeking gains and risk seeking when it comes to seeking losses. They argued that people would be willing to take risks to achieve goals but become more risk averse once those goals are achieved, and they would become risk averse when confronted with losses in order to avoid a highly negative outcome but become more risk seeking to negate the negative outcome once it occurred. Leddo et al.'s research confirmed this hypothesis, leading to a revision of Prospect Theory's value function. The present research investigates whether the same revised value function can predict recommendations people make on behalf of others in addition to decisions made on behalf of oneself. 80 high school students were presented with scenarios requiring a choice of what standardized test to take to achieve or avoid losing admission to colleges. Gain scenarios depicted students either at or below a score needed to gain acceptance to a dream school. Loss scenarios depicted students either above or at a score that would cause them to lose out on college admission. In half the scenarios, students had to decide which standardized test they would take; in the other half, students had to decide which standardized test to recommend to a friend. Results showed that students made recommendations to their friends that were virtually identical to the decisions they made for themselves. The decisions themselves were consistent with predictions made by Leddo et al.'s (2019) revised value function, namely that high schoolers were more risk seeking when existing test scores were below the requirements of dream colleges than they were when existing scores were at the requirements and that they were more risk averse when existing test scores were in danger of falling to a level that would eliminate chances for getting into college than there were

Here we report an outbreak of an atypical, ulcerative dermatitis in North Country mule lambs, located in South Gloucestershire, UK. The lesions, which appeared to be contagious, occured between the coronary band and the carpal joint as a focal, well demarcated, circular, ulcerative dermatitis. Histopathological examination of the lesion biopsies revealed areas of ulceration, epidermal hyperplasia, suppurative dermatitis and granulation tissue. Clumped keratohyalin granules and intracellular keratinocyte oedema (ballooning degeneration) were evident within lesion biopsies, consistent with an underlying viral aetiology. A PCR-based microbiological investigation failed to detect bovine digital dermatitis-associated treponeme phylogroups, Dichelobacter nodosus, Staphylococcus aureus, Dermatophilus congolensis or Chordopoxvirinae virus DNA. However, 3 of the 10 (30 %) and 6 of 10 (60 %) lesion samples were positive for Fusobacterium necrophorum and Streptococcus dysgalactiae DNA, respectively. Contralateral limb swabs were negative by all standard PCR assays. To better define the involvement of F. necrophorum in the aetiology of these lesions, a qPCR targeting the rpoB gene was employed and confirmed the presence of F. necrophorum DNA in both the control and lesions swab samples, although the mean F. necrophorum genome copy number detected in the lesion swab samples was ∼19-fold higher than detected in the contralateral control swab samples (245 versus 4752 genome copies/μl, respectively; P < 0.001). Although we have not been able to conclusively define an aetiological agent, the presence of both F. necrophorum and S. dysgalactiae in the majority of lesions assayed supports their role in the aetiopathogenesis of these lesions.

In recent years, there has been a great deal of attention given to the potential increased risk of vicarious traumatisation (VT) for clinicians with a history of childhood sexual abuse.I am curious about whether the silencing, which has been ubiquitous within society, is also prevalent within the therapeutic profession. I wonder if therapists with a history of abuse feel they have to bracket their experience, and if this limits the potential for positive transformation.In this paper, I draw upon my narrative study of therapists with a history of abuse. The methodology followed was narrative inquiry with two therapists in addition to an autoethnography. I used ‘narrative analysis’ to analyse the data. The findings of the study covered themes of transgenerational trauma, ‘the wounded healer’, caregivers’ responsibility in communal cultures and dissociation.In this paper, I will consider the part dissociation plays when there is a shared history of trauma, and the ways in which dissociative enactments within the consulting room themselves may be part of the mutual healing. For this paper, only extracts from interviews with one of my participants will be included.