Математична модель визначення загального обсягу навчальних годин комплексної програми бойової підготовки військового формування типу з’єднання (частина) будь-якого ступеня готовності

Background and Objective: Intensive physical therapy or exercise has been associated with favorable cerebral palsy (CP) outcomes, but few studies have investigated the effects of exercise intensity on the improvement in CP outcomes. In this study, we assessed the effects of intensive exercise-based therapy on improvement in gross motor function in children with CP.Methods: We searched three databases for randomized clinical trials evaluating the effects of therapeutic exercise training by using Gross Motor Function Measurement (GMFM) 66 and 88 among children with CP. Studies that used interventions in addition to therapeutic exercise were excluded from the present meta-analysis. Exercise intensity was defined using the number of training hours per day and duration of intervention (in weeks). The effects of the number of daily training hours and program duration on GMFM improvement were evaluated using meta-regression.Results: The comprehensive search returned 270 references, and 13 of 270 references met our eligibility criteria. The 13 trials recruited 412 children with CP. These trials measured motor improvements by using GMFM-66 (n = 8) and GMFM-88 (n = 5). The GMFM scores in the children who received the therapeutic intervention did not show significantly greater improvement than those of the children who received standard care. Meta-regression analysis revealed that the improvement in GMFM scores was positively associated with the number of daily training hours (point estimate = 0.549; p = 0.031) and program duration (point estimate = 0.067; p = 0.075).Discussion and Conclusions: Intensive physical exercise improved CP outcomes in the intervention and standard therapy groups. The duration of therapeutic intervention improved CP outcomes among the children who received the therapeutic intervention, while an increase in the number of daily training hours improved in CP outcomes in the children who received standard therapy.

Multimedia is increasingly popular in education and training for the delivery of courseware. Unfortunately the costs of developing multimedia courseware is very high. Even with limited use of video, audio and animation, development to delivery times in excess of 800:1 have been reported by various authors. The paper discusses a framework proposal for the development of a metrics based model for predicting the development effort for multimedia systems. It examines the waterfall multimedia courseware development model as the basis for large project developments and proposes a composite multimedia effort development model which makes use of a Rayleigh curve and cost drivers. The Average Number of Training hours is used as the basis for the effort estimate. The proposed cost drivers act on the Average Number of Training hours to tailor it to the type of multimedia project being developed. Initial analysis of cost drivers and delivery time are described. Finally the future development of such a framework is discussed.

A structure and content of graphics teaching at technical
 university with information technologies use are considered
 in this paper. The necessity to meet the requirements related to
 information support of products’ life cycle is marked. Educational
 disciplines of graphic teaching in technical university have been
 considered and defined. It has been noted that the main feature of
 modern graphic teaching is a 3D-modeling, and the main purpose
 of graphics teaching upgrading is a significant increase in the quality
 of training without increasing the number of training hours.
 From this it follows that the basic requirement for the geometrical
 graphics training is significant expansion of modeling volume.

To clarify the effects of habitual volleyball exercise on bone in women during the menopausal periods, we measured bone mineral densities (BMDs) of the lumbar spine, calcaneus and tibia every 12 months for 2 years and estimated factors related to the baseline values and annual loss rates. Forty Japanese female volleyball players 42-62 years of age, who had belonged to the district non-professional club for more than 10 years on average, were recruited. Twenty women had regular menstruation at the start, but 7 underwent menopause during the study. Fifty-nine healthy women who did not participate in habitual exercise, but were otherwise comparable with the players, were recruited as the controls. The lumbar and calcaneus BMDs were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and both the volumetric BMDs and cross-sectional geometry at the diaphysis of the tibia were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. The baseline BMDs of all measured sites and the values of the cortical area and moment of inertia of the tibia in the players were significantly higher than the values in the control women. In the peri- and postmenopausal players, the baseline values of the lumbar and calcaneus BMDs related to total years of participating in regular exercises during adulthood including volleyball (TYE), body mass index (BMI) and years since menopause (YSM). Tibia cortical area and moment of inertia values related to TYE. Annual bone loss rates in the tibia and calcaneus of players were significantly smaller than those values in the controls. However, the bone loss rates in the lumbar spine did not differ significantly between the groups. The bone loss rate in the calcaneus was significantly related to the current number of training hours per week and YSM. The rate of bone loss in the tibia was related to BMI. These data indicated that the total number of years participating in exercise activity during adulthood have positive effects on lumbar and calcaneus BMDs and the cortical structure of the tibia. Habitual volleyball exercise apparently did not alleviate the menopause-related bone loss in the lumbar spine.

The article reveals the peculiarities of the development of the educational movement in the camp of captured Ukrainian soldiers Freistadt (Austria-Hungary) in 1915-1917. It was established that despite all the initial difficulties (due to the opposition of the Black Hundreds) due to the systematic work of members of the Education Department, the Education Section Social and educational circle, the Society «Prosvita» M. Drahomanov during 1915-1917 it became possible to organize the teaching of a fairly wide range of courses and literacy schools (for the illiterate). The decisive role in the organization of educational life was initially played by the Union for the Liberation of Ukraine Educational Department, which included Ukrainian public figures, educators, cooperators with university or high school education, who had developed a national worldview. Through their efforts, the Ukrainian camp organization in Freistadt created appropriate structures from among the prisoners (educational section and the Enlightenment Society), which over time took over the main burden of educational work. Its content differed significantly – if at first the emphasis was on general education courses (so as not to provoke criticism of «politics» from prisoners), then within a year educational institutions paid more and more attention to Ukrainian studies (history of Ukraine, Ukrainian language and history of Ukrainian literature). At the same time, a large number of training hours were devoted to the elimination of illiteracy among prisoners. For many prisoners, education became the meaning of their camp life, and at the same time their national awareness took place, when they – sometimes even unnoticed – began to worry about the problems of Ukraine's self-affirmation in political terms and became adherents of its independence. Thus, on the one hand, educational organizations purposefully prepared prisoners for the future of civilian life in the homeland, and on the other - to educate them conscious and loyal citizens of free Ukraine.

BackgroundIndividuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis display significant cognitive deficits that constitute a barrier to functional recovery. Applying cognitive remediation (CR) before the onset of manifest psychosis may improve cognition and the clinical and functional prognosis of UHR individuals.MethodsThis randomised, clinical trial randomly assigned 146 UHR individuals aged 18–40 years to treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU plus cognitive remediation. The cognitive remediation consisted of 20-weeks of neurocognitive and social cognitive remediation. Assessments were carried out at 6- and 12-months post baseline. Primary outcome was composite score on the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) battery at 6-months.ResultsBetween April 2014 and January 2017, 73 UHR individuals were assigned to TAU and 73 were assigned to TAU + cognitive remediation. Compared to the control group, cognitive remediation did not result in significant improvement on the BACS composite score at 6-month follow-up (b=-0.125, 95%CI: -0.23 to 0.172, p=0.41). Nor did the intervention improve secondary outcomes in clinical symptoms or functioning. Exploratory analyses found emotion recognition latencies to be significantly more reduced in the intervention group than the TAU group at 6-months follow-up. At 12-month follow-up the intervention group exhibited significantly better performance on two exploratory outcomes of executive function and visual memory. The participants in the intervention group attended an average of 12 sessions out of 20. No adverse events were reported relating to the intervention.DiscussionWhile the brief course of treatment did not impact global cognition, symptoms and functioning measures, treatment related benefit was found in exploratory component neuro- and social cognitive measures. Future studies should evaluate whether more personalized interventions such as the separate application of neurocognitive and social cognitive remediation may produce beneficial effect on cognition and functioning compared to treatment as usual, along with establishing the optimal number of training hours to produce cognitive and functional gains.

Abstract. The article considers the prospects of training of specialists in the system of military higher education institutions, based on a theoretical study of the problems of military education in Ukraine. Were considered the problems of training of specialists through the prism of the experience of the Russian-Ukrainian armed conflict. Determined factors of resistance to renewal and innovations in the system of military specialists training. Were characterized the main factors of specifying the requirements for the professional training of military specialists, among them: a) activation of scientific research in the direction of studying the combat and everyday activities of the units of the Armed Forces; b) increasing the number of training hours and resource provision for practical classes; c) the emergence of a public demand for formation in the competence of a specialist: leadership qualities, the ability to work in a team, developed skills for countering informational and psychological influence, the ability to establish communication and military-civilian cooperation. Also were described the prospects of improving the training of specialists, in particular: using of information technologies in the educational process; development of competence in handling weapons and military equipment; development of personal and professional qualities of a young officer (leadership, communication skills, moral and psychological training).

Citizens’ beliefs that officers are employing unnecessary or excessive levels of force can quickly erode police legitimacy and can lead to severe consequences including loss of life, civil disorder, criminal prosecution, and large civil judgments. Although scholars have devoted more than four decades of research to identifying the correlates of police–citizen violence, relatively little study has focused on the relationship between departmental measures of police professionalism and violent outcomes between citizens and officers. The current study uses data from the 2003 Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics survey to examine the impact of five measures of departmental professionalism—(a) agency commitment to education (associate’s degree requirement); (b) the number of hiring or screening standards; (c) the total number of training hours (academy, field training, and in-service); (d) female representation; and (e) agency commitment to community policing—on two indicators of police–citizen violence—(a) citizen complaints alleging excessive use of force and (b) reported assaults on officers—across 526 large municipal law enforcement agencies. Results from ordinary least squares regression analyses show that only departmental commitment to education was related to the police–citizen violence indicators, as agencies that require an associate’s degree experienced fewer citizen complaints of use of force and fewer assaults on their officers. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for police policy and practice, as well as for our understanding of the organizational-level correlates of police–citizen violence.

Problems evaluating sales representative performance?: Try activity-based costing

The analysis of using the military units and formation during conduct of hostilities on the territory of Donetsk and Luhansk region allows to claim that the one of the main aspect that impact on the success in the execution of tasks are existence of workable samples of weapons and military equipment. Thus, the one of the main source of entering of workable samples of weapons and military equipment in military units (military formations) during conduct of hostilities is returning them from stationary and movable damage-control military formations (units) after the completion of their restoration. Accordingly, during the restoration of damaged samples of weapons and military equipment consumes replacement parts, assemblages, aggregates, components equipment etc. that need to be purchased from manufacturers, which has resulted to financial and economic costs. Therefore, in this work are proposed the methodical approach to evaluation of economic efficiency of repairing samples of weapons and military equipment. This approach includes two ways: financial and economic costs on the repairing of weapons and military equipment in the stationary conditionals and in the moving repair and reconstruction military formations (units). The main costs will be focused on the principal salary of repairmen, the basic materials, replacement parts, overhead of mechanical department, common overhead, new product development costs, and special costs during the repairing of weapons and military equipment in stationary conditions. And the basic spending will be focused on the purchasing of new details, assemblages, aggregates, depreciation cost of equipment, the cost of maintaining the personnel of repair specialists, average cost of operational set during the repairing of weapons and military equipment in the moving repair and reconstruction military formations (units).

The article examines the legal status of the State Guard Department of Ukraine. The concept and characteristics of military formations are analyzed. It is established that discussions continue in military law doctrine regarding the definition of the concept of “military unit” and the characteristics of this concept. The conclusion is justified that the normative concept of “military unit” is abstract and does not cover all the characteristics that characterize this category. The hypothesis is expressed that legislation and doctrine formulate the concept of “military unit” as a component of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, leaving out other military formations formed in accordance with the laws of Ukraine. Based on an analysis of regulatory legal acts, it has been established that the personnel of the State Guard Department of Ukraine consist of military personnel serving under contract and conscripts. The article concludes that the State Guard Department of Ukraine is also designed to protect the sovereignty of Ukraine, state independence and national interests, territorial integrity and inviolability in the event of armed aggression, armed conflict or threat of attack by directly conducting military (combat) operations. Using a comparative method to compare the characteristics of a military formation and those of the State Guard Department of Ukraine, the authors of the article have drawn the following preliminary conclusions: a) The State Guard Department of Ukraine is a military unit characterized by a single chain of command, military discipline, a clear vertical hierarchy, and centralized management; b) the State Guard Department of Ukraine has an established procedure for military service; c) the activities of the State Guard Department of Ukraine are regulated not only by the Constitution of Ukraine, laws, and other regulatory acts binding on all state bodies, but also by departmental orders, directives, instructions, and guidelines; d) military personnel of the State Guard Department of Ukraine have a special status related to the specifics of military. It has been concluded that the State Guard Department of Ukraine should be classified as “other military formations established in accordance with the laws of Ukraine”.

Since the declaration of martial law in Ukraine, the number of polygraph tests in military formations has increased compared to the period until February 24, 2022. The use of the polygraph in military formations of Ukraine during martial law proved to be an effective means of obtaining information that complements official checks and investigations in military units. In accordance with today’s realities, the protection of personal data of servicemen in wartime is a priority task of the state. In our study, the issue of protection of personal data of subjects who have the special status of military personnel of Ukraine, to whom the research procedure with the use of a polygraph is applied, was discussed. The main factors of compliance with the legality of handling information processed based on the results of a polygraph survey in the military formations of Ukraine are highlighted. An analysis of the existing governing documents regulating the organization and procedure of conducting polygraph examinations in military formations was carried out. Gaps in the legislation regarding the electronic processing of personal data of military personnel – subjects of polygraph examinations have been identified. It was determined that in the departmental order of the State Security Office of Ukraine, which regulates the use of the polygraph, a norm was found that could violate the protection of the rights of military personnel who are confidants of operational-investigative, intelligence and counter-intelligence agencies of Ukraine and be an illegal way of interfering in the activities of relevant law enforcement agencies and special services. We have provided recommendations on improving the existing base of governing documents in matters of protection of personal data of military personnel – subjects of polygraph examination. Namely, it is proposed to make changes to the existing departmental legal acts regarding the regulation of electronic processing of information obtained as a result of polygraph tests. In order to ensure the protection of the rights of servicemen of the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine and the Security Service of Ukraine, we recommend developing and implementing guidelines that determine the organization and conduct of polygraph examinations in these military formations.

The stagecoach problem is a special type of network analysis problem in which the cities (nodes) are arranged in stages. By such human or natural arrangement, a journey from City 1 in stage 1 to City n in stage n involves visiting only one city in each intermediate stage. The stagecoach problem involves the determination of the minimum cost flow in which basically two methods have been in use. One of the methods is by listing all possible routes, computing their corresponding costs and selecting the minimum cost route. This procedure entails much computational effort. The second procedure is to determine the suboptimal cost of routes between any two consecutive stages. Though this second approach has less computational effort, its overall optimal policy could be wrong because the choice of a least expensive route at one stage may result in our adopting a more expensive route at a later stage. In this paper we present a recursive dynamic programming algorithm for solving the stagecoach problem. The algorithm is computationally more efficient than the first method as it obtains its minimum total cost using the suboptimal policies of the different stages without computing the cost of all the routes. By the dynamic programming algorithm of this paper, the possibility of missing the minimum cost route is ruled out as could happen in the second approach. The dynamic programming algorithm for obtaining the minimum cost path in a stagecoach problem is numerically illustrated Keywords : Network analysis, stagecoach, dynamic programming algorithm Global Journal of Mathematical Sciences Vol. 7 (1) 2008: pp. 15-20

Industrial telecommunication applications prefer to run at the optimal capacity configuration to achieve the required Quality of Service (QoS) at the minimum cost. The optimal capacity configuration is usually achieved through the selection of cell towers capacities and locations. Given a set of service providers (e.g., cell towers) and a set of customers (e.g., major residential areas), where each customer has an amount of demand and each provider has multiple candidate capacities and corresponding costs, the optimal capacity selection is configured through spatial matching to satisfy the demand of each customer at the minimum cost. However, existing solutions developed for spatial matching, in which each provider's capacity is fixed, cannot be directly applied to the capacity configuration problem with multiple capacities and location selections. In this paper, we are the first to study Service Provider Configuration and Planning with Optimal Spatial Matching (SPC-POSM) problem, in which the objectives are 1) to select the proper capacity for each provider at the minimum total cost and 2) to assign providers' service to satisfy the demand of each customer on a condition that the matching distance is no more than service quality requirement. We prove that SPC-POSM problem is NP-hard and design an efficient two-layer meta-heuristic framework to solve the problem. Unsupervised learning technique is designed to accelerate the calculation and a novel local search mechanism is embedded to further improve solution quality. Extensive experimental results on both real and synthetic datasets verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed framework.

Extended opportunity cost model to find near equilibrium electricity prices under non-convexities