ارزیابی و سنجش شاخصهای کیفیت زندگی در محلات شهری (مطالعۀ موردی: حاجیآباد فارس)

Evaluation of urban-rural difference and integration based on quality of life

Sustainable Development and Quality of Urban Life

This paper has the purpose of assessing quality of life of migrants of Chennai city using 14 variables measured with Likert-type of scaling in a factor analysis.As many as 305 randomly chosen migrant-respondents from across the city have been interviewed using a custom-designed, structured questionnaire in 2012.The analysis has yielded two very neat and significant factor dimensions, labeled as 'Quality of Life Dimension' and 'Well-being in Life and Work Dimension'.The two factors, retained in the analysis using the eigenvalue criterion, explain a cumulative variance of 49.434 per cent.The rotated factor scores have shown that 47.4 per cent of the migrants of Chennai are on the better side of quality of life whereas 45.6 per cent of them are on the higher side of well-being in their life and work.In their revealed perceptions of quality of life and well-being in life and work, there is yet much to be accomplished and there are challenges in city life they could face up to.

In most parts of the world, cities have undergone an accelerated process of territorial and population dispersion over the last 50 years. The demand for new quality open spaces, as a result of the urbanization model, and the environmental changes it has caused, has also contributed to the search for a better quality of life in cities. Studies on urban quality of life focus more intensely on variables linked to aspects of human development, socio-economic aspects, and sustainability, but little has been studied on the influence of urban form on quality of life. This work aims to propose a reflection on the relationship between urban form and quality of life in the city, based on a current theoretical framework. The research method focused on a qualitative analysis of the selected theoretical framework. The research findings show that based on the concepts and studies carried out, it was observed that the spatial configuration of cities and their neighborhoods contributes directly contributes to the population, by allowing more sustainable urban spaces and practices. Thus, it has been observed that urban form is not sufficiently explored in quality of life indices and indicators, being presented superficially and on a broader scale. In the same vein, some studies that relate urban form and quality of life, even at the local scale, do not detail how these relate to other urban and human aspects, which may hinder a better understanding of the impact of the built environment on urban sustainability.

有鑑於親職壓力與社會支持皆是影響身心障礙者家長與普通家長生活品質的重要因子，本研究乃結合後設分析、路徑分析與聯合t檢定等方法，探討與比較兩組家長在親職壓力、社會支持與生活品質之間的關係。研究結果發現，兩組家長的親職壓力與社會支持間有負相關，親職壓力與生活品質間有負相關，社會支持與生活品質間則是正相關；兩組家長的親職壓力不僅均對生活品質產生直接負向效果，也會透過社會支持對生活品質產生間接負向效果；而且儘管兩組家長在親職壓力對社會支持的負向效果差不多，身心障礙者家長在社會支持對生活品質的正向效果及親職壓力對生活品質的負向效果等卻不及普通家長。綜上所述，本研究建議未來宜持續發展與實施能有效減緩家長親職壓力及增進社會支持品質的具體方案，以利提升家長的生活品質。也由於身心障礙者家長的親職壓力與社會支持對生活品質的預測效果並不高，建議未來研究應持續探討其他預測因子，以利擴充家長生活品質的理論基礎。

Quality of life in Chinese cities

Quality of Life in Epilepsy: Multidimensional Profile and Underlying Latent Dimensions

Objective To investigate the illness perception and quality of life in patients undergoing radiotherapy for lung cancer and to explore its correlation with quality of life. Methods Totally 118 patients undergoing radiotherapy for lung cancer in a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital between June and December 2017 were selected by purposive sampling. The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) were used to investigate their illness perception and quality of life. The correlation between the two was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The illness perception score of these patients was (52.22±9.87) . In terms of quality of life, the highest score was found in psychical function (62.45±12.56) , whereas the lowest was found in nausea and vomiting (20.65±8.78) . The scores in different dimensions of the quality of life questionnaire for patients with lung cancer were correlated with illness perception (r=-0.26, -0.13, -0.41, -0.21, 0.06, 0.22, 0.28, -0.38; P<0.05) , except for cognitive function, fatigue, pain, loss of appetite, diarrhea and financial difficulty. Conclusions Patients with lung cancer show more negative perception of illness and lower quality of life. Therefore, nursing measures shall be taken to reduce their negative perception and improve their quality of life. Key words: Lung neoplasms; Quality of life; Illness perception; Radiotherapy

BackgroundAlthough many studies have explored the correlation between quality of life and survival, none have reported this relationship for specific cancers assessed at distinct time points. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of pretreatment Global Quality of Life (QOL) and functioning QOL, including physical, social, role, emotional, and cognitive QOLs, on mortality risk in patients with lung cancer.MethodsA literature search was conducted across the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and PubMed databases for articles published between their inception and December 2022. Subsequently, 11 studies were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria to investigate the relationship between pretreatment QOLs and mortality risk in patients with lung cancer.ResultsPretreatment global, physical, social, role, and emotional QOLs were significantly associated with mortality risk as follows: Global QOL (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–1.13); Physical QOL (HR = 1.04 95% CI = 1.02–1.05); Social QOL (HR = 1.02 95% CI = 1.01–1.03; Role QOL (HR = 1.01 95% CI = 1.01–1.02); Emotional QOL (HR = 1.01 95% CI = 1.00–1.03).ConclusionsThese findings underscore the importance of early QOL assessment after diagnosis as well as early provision of physical, social, and psychological support accommodating each patient’s demands.Trial registrationThe International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews registration number CRD42023398206, Registered on February 20, 2023.

Quality of life is a concept that has received wide attention from researchers in various fields. And Quality of urban life is the part that describing the influential relationship between the built environment and personal life. This research focuses on two issues: the quality of urban life, as it is one of the international new issues which focuses on two types of assessments: (a) the objective assessments in which evaluates the built environment that surround the person and (b) the individuals’ subjective assessment on their level of quality of life. The other issue is the importance of considering the concept of QOUL when designing urban communities in Cairo and dealing with unsafe and unplanned areas. The research states a way to link the two issues to each other, by (a) forming a database theory of QOUL indicators and outline its role in the development process, and (b) studying the Egyptian vision 2050, and (c) deriving a methodology in which we depend on QOUL Indicators as an approach to develop new communities and improve unsafe and unplanned areas. so, to form a more in-depth and comprehensive approach to deal with the challenges that meet architects, urban planners, and developers when solving the housing problems in Cairo.

Orthognathic surgery improves quality of life and depression, but not anxiety, and patients with higher preoperative depression scores improve less

The Effect of Rural Guidance Plan on the Subjective Quality of Life among Rural Communities (Case Study: Fariman County)

peerReviewed

The aims of this review are to (1) outline the course of quality of life (QOL) studies in Japan, (2) clarify the concept and scale of health-related QOL and subjective QOL, (3) clarify the problems in the Japanese version of subjective QOL scales and the characteristics of subjective QOL in Japanese elderly, and (4) propose a direction of QOL assessment for the aging society in Japan. Since the 1970s in Japan, QOL has been studied in several fields, such as medical science, social psychology and gerontology, but a unified concept or definition of QOL has not been established. Health-related QOL, developed in the field of medical science, evaluates the individual condition from multiple dimensions including physical, psychological, social, functional and spiritual aspects. Since the aging society in Japan is largely composed of healthy elderly, comprehensive health-related QOL scales, which can provide continuous assessment from the disabled to healthy elderly, have a high degree of availability. Subjective QOL scales measure individual subjective evaluations of all aspects of daily life. Subjective QOL has mainly been assessed from the viewpoint of life satisfaction or morale. However, it has been reported that the existing scales have certain problems, and that subjective QOL is influenced by culture and individual values. In the aging society of Japan, it will be important to evaluate QOL in the elderly from the aspects of both health-related and subjective QOL to clarify the criteria for “successful aging”. In addition, ikigai (“something to live for”), which is unique to Japan, will be an effective measure for evaluation of QOL.

Linking quality of life and sustainability in Canadian cities