Инновационное развитие транспортной логистики крабодобывающей компании ООО «Антей-Север» в условиях санкций

Passive electronic components, including capacitors, resistors, inductors, and related devices, are essential components of all electronic circuits. Electronic technologies form the foundation of technological sovereignty and state security. Computer technology, control and navigation systems, mobile communication, intelligent energy, telemedicine, electric vehicles, and unmanned vehicles are just a few examples of industries that rely on passive electronic components. At the same time, the majority of the production of these components is currently located abroad, in countries like China, India, and Taiwan. Foreign companies based in China, the United States, India, the United Kingdom, Israel, and other countries own most of the patents related to electronic components and technologies.. The introduction of sanctions in 2022 highlighted the significant dependence of the availability of electronic components on political factors. This increased the urgency of establishing and developing our own production of these components. To effectively replace imports, it is essential to identify the key trends in passive electronics development. Patent documents provide information that is not available elsewhere, including technical details such as the operational principle and technical parameters. This information allows us to assess the state of and identify trends in scientific and technological advancement. Patents can also be used for reverse engineering imported components and developing indigenous production of passive electronic parts.. It has been established that the main trends in development are miniaturization, increased productivity of passive electronic components, and their adaptation to extreme conditions, such as high and ultra-low temperatures, including cryogenic conditions. The field of cryogenic passive electronics is just beginning to develop, but a number of patents have already been identified that could be of interest to developers in this area.

As with any socially significant disease, in chronic heart failure (CHF), the control of diagnostic and treatment, including monitoring the condition of patients in order to maintain optimal therapy, is of decisive importance. The specificity of CHF is the high frequency of repeated hospitalizations for acute decompensation of heart failure (ADHF). One of the key aspects of monitoring the patient’s condition is the assessment of congestion - the identification and determination of the degree of it for the timely optimization of the treatment in order to prevent re-hospitalization. In this regard, of great interest is a new technology for non-invasive measurement of fluid in the lungs - Remote Dielectric Sensing (ReDS), implemented in a medical device under the ReDS Pro brand (manufacturer - Sensible Medical Innovations, Israel). ReDS technology is a quantitative non-invasive method for measuring the total volume of fluid in the lungs in patients with signs of volume overload, including those with CHF. The technology is based on the following principle: low-power electromagnetic radiation passes through the lung tissue from the emitter to the receiver, the assessment of changes in radio wave parameters provides an accurate measurement of the total volume of fluid in the tissue. The result of the examination is a quantitative indicator that reflects the percentage of total fluid in the total volume of the lung. The emergence of a new technology makes its assessment relevant for monitoring treatment and diagnostic measures for CHF in the Russian Federation at the inpatient and outpatient stages of medical care. The described study of health technology assessment was based on the developed model, which, taking into account the clinical advantages of ReDS technology, made it possible to analyze its “budget impact” both at the federal and regional levels from the standpoint of the inpatient or outpatient stages of medical care. The assessment of the economic and clinical feasibility of introducing ReDS tech- nology was carried out separately for the inpatient and outpatient stages (for the outpatient stage, the calculation was carried out both for a model that takes into account the costs of additional visits to patients for scheduled examinations, and without them) in conditions of achieving the technology availability indicator for at least 95% of the population. The results of the assessment showed that at a given level of implementation of ReDS technology at the inpatient level, the number of re-hospitalizations of patients with CHF in the Russian Federation will decrease from 375,703 to 252,208 per year (by 32.9%). The introduction of technologies at the outpatient level will reduce the number of readmissions from 375,703 to 82,782 per year (by 78.0%). This corresponds to a decrease in the annual cost of hospitalizations for CHF (both primary and recurrent) with the introduction of ReDS in hospitals from 24.93 billion rubles to 20.96 billion rubles (decrease by 15.9%); when implementing the method at the outpatient level from 24.93 billion rubles to 15.52 billion rubles (decrease by 37.8%), and taking into account the cost of additional visits to patients at the outpatient level from 24.93 billion rubles to 19.70 billion rubles (decrease by 21.0%). At the same time, one-time costs for the purchase of a ReDS medical device in outpatient and inpatient clinics amount to 12.06 billion rubles and 11.04 billion rubles respectively. The results of the “budget impact” analysis (taking into account the discount factor of 3.5%) of the introduction of ReDS technology at the outpatient level demonstrate that over 7 years it provides savings in the amount of 20,335,833,423 rubles (including costs for additional visits) up to 45,926,532,070 rubles (excluding the cost of additional visits), and at the inpatient level - 13,613,327,627 rubles. Evaluation of the introduction of ReDS technology into the Russian healthcare system at the federal level, both at the outpatient and inpatient stages of medical care, with a total need for a ReDS medical device in the range of 1129-1234 units, providing coverage of more than 95% of the population with this technology, showed its clinical and economic benefit, which is expressed in a decrease in the number of readmissions and net savings in the health care system already during the third year of using the ReDS technology.

The article is devoted to the study of the role of digitalization of the regional economy in shaping the trajectory of sustainable development using the example of federal districts of Russia. The analysis focuses on the relationship between digital technologies, innovations and environmental indicators in the context of global challenges such as climate change, social inequality and the consequences of the pandemic. The authors conduct a comprehensive analysis of data for 2014–2023, including the dynamics of Internet activity of the population, the introduction of advanced production technologies and the volume of water resources use. The methodological basis is regression analysis, which allows us to identify correlations between the level of digitalization, technological progress and environmental burden. The results of the study demonstrate that digitalization is a key driver of technological development: the growth of Internet activity is associated with an increase in the number of technologies used at the national level. However, the environmental impact of digital transformation is ambiguous. For example, in industrially oriented districts (Ural, Siberian), the introduction of technologies is accompanied by an increase in the volume of reused water, while in agro-regions (Southern Federal District), digitalization contributes to the optimization of resources. Significant regional disparities were revealed: the maximum growth of innovation was noted in the Southern Federal District (+65%), the minimum – in the Far Eastern District (+11%), which is due to economic specialization and infrastructure limitations. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the development of the concept of sustainable development through the integration of digital solutions and environmental practices. Practical conclusions include the need for differentiated strategies for regions that combine centralized support, cluster initiatives and the introduction of circular economic models. The article is relevant for government bodies, researchers and the business community interested in reducing the man-made burden and overcoming the center-periphery gap in the context of digital transformation.

In a longitudinal field study we tested several hypotheses of adaptive structuration theory, which predicts the impacts of advanced information technologies on work teams. We observed 47 technical and administrative work teams in a large, multinational energy company. The teams varied in their structural properties—team size and geographical dispersion—and in their degree of interaction with one another. We tracked the extent to which the teams used advanced information technologies, and we assessed the impacts of technology use practices on teams' views of the quality of their coordination and their overall group effectiveness. The teams in our study had access to a range of traditional and advanced technologies, and we observed the impacts of team structural properties on technology use practices and outcomes across a three-year period. Use practices varied between the two types of teams. We found that, early on introduction of technology, team size, geographic dispersion, and meeting frequency predicted advanced technology use by administrative teams. Larger administrative teams reported more comfort with technology use, and they were more likely to use the technology to dominate one another rather than to collaborate. These effects diminished over time, however, and the influence of team structure and interaction patterns on advanced technology use were not clearcut. Use practices, which we label “appropriation,” impacted perceptions of coordination quality, especially in the case of technical teams. The most consistent pattern was that use of technology to dominate rather than to collaborate was negatively related to outcomes. Surprisingly, teams with relatively high use of advanced technologies grew in their use of the technology for domination purposes over the course of our study. Our findings suggest the need for more in-depth study of technology use practices in teams over time.

Our present is developing rapidly, and various industries are facing a number of challenges. Ecosystems in construction create the basis for effective, innovative, and sustainable development of the industry. The concept of a "business ecosystem" is characterized. It is noted that the ecosystem allows for effective cooperation between different players, reducing costs, improving the quality of services, and optimizing processes in construction. The purpose of the article is to update the role of the business ecosystem in construction, determine its main characteristics, advantages, challenges, and main components, as well as analyze how the introduction of new technologies will affect the management of this ecosystem. The main problems that participants in the business ecosystem in construction may encounter are analyzed. The article considers the features of the formation of these ecosystems in construction and their main characteristics. The main components of the business ecosystem in construction are substantiated and schematically presented. The main advantages of building relationships between business ecosystem participants that contribute to their development and success are highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the introduction of new technologies for effective management of business ecosystem development; for example, BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a technology and methodology for the process of creating and managing digital models of construction objects throughout their life cycle. The advantages of using BIM in construction are considered. For successful management in the construction business system, in addition to the introduction of new technologies, understanding the main aspects of management remains important; therefore, a description of these aspects is presented. Creating an entrepreneurial climate, based on successful examples of the implementation of business ecosystems, and reducing barriers to entry and operation in the construction market is a priority for the national policy of the country as a whole. Successful business ecosystem practices implemented in the construction industry are proposed, which are an important factor for optimizing processes, integrating technologies, and reducing costs at all stages of the life cycle of construction objects. The conclusion is drawn that the management of the development of the business ecosystem in the construction sector creates the basis for the effective, innovative, and sustainable development of the industry, ensuring the competitiveness of the construction sector in the conditions of digitalization. The use of the latest technologies is one of the key components of this ecosystem, which contributes to more effective management of the business ecosystem as a whole, and the analysis of examples of successfully implemented business ecosystems opens up new opportunities for the construction sector.

The article is dedicated to consideration of theoretical and applied aspects of the main balance factors of construction business successful innovation and investment development. The analysis of scholars’ works enabled presenting the components of a construction enterprise innovation and investment development, in particular process, resource and potential. Considering the relationship between innovation potential and development, the author's definition is suggested, where construction business innovative development is an activity based on constant search and use of new methods, technologies and areas of enterprise potential realization in changing external and internal market of construction products and the adopted competitive strategy of activity and business development. Analysis of the problems associated with conservatism and slowness in introduction and dissemination of new technologies in the construction industry is performed. Despite the fact that energy-efficient technologies are being actively introduced in the industry, “smart homes” are being built etc., analytical report of the Global Innovation Index states that the share of R&D expenditures in construction is only 2.9%. One of the reasons for such a low rate is that a significant part of new technological developments implemented in construction, originate from other industries, namely metallurgy, forestry and woodworking, chemical industries and others. It is established that innovation inertia of Ukrainian construction companies is determined by buildings and structures prolonged operation, during which the faults of the used technology may be revealed as well as builders’ high responsibility for the result, since construction products must be safe for people’s lives. In order to implement the strategy of construction company innovative development, it is suggested to create the success factors of innovation and investment development, which are balanced and to some extent interdependent. Adequate assessment these factors impact will enable choosing the right direction of construction business innovation and investment development and construction industry in general under pandemic and growing economic selfishness.

Recent advances in biomedical technologies have significantly improved our capacities for the diagnosis and treatment of medical ailments. However, such technologies have also been blamed for increased medical costs. Ethical questions have been raised regarding the availability and use of such medical technologies. In recent years, the managed care companies in the USA have imposed severe cost constraints, thus limiting the development and introduction of new medical technologies. The ethical implications of such management issues are presented. Moreover, increased difficulty in getting FDA approval for medical technologies in the USA has recently led to the introduction of some technologies first in foreign countries. Ethical issues related to animal testing, clinical trials and use of medical technologies conducted overseas are discussed.

: The Army transformation process has centered on the introduction of new technologies to meet the needs of the war fighter. As such the Army logistics community has incorporated a Revolution in Military Logistics (RML) which is the introduction of new technologies to improve logistical sustainment to the war fighter. Although the advancement of technology is needed it is not the only answer to ensure logistical support is attained throughout a campaign. Army transformation and the RML must include the ability to integrate operational and logistical planning in order to synchronize the capabilities of new the technologies in logistics. Additionally it is the integration of these planning efforts that will ensure the right size force is available to accomplish the mission. Therefore a fully viable Army transformation must include the introduction of new processes and concepts that will integrate the efforts of both the operational and the logistical planner. Only then will Army transformation and a RML allow for more than the introduction of new technologies and thereby make a strategic difference for operations and logistics on the battlefield.

The aim of the article is to study the dynamics of innovations development, to identify the main problems of innovative activities development and to advance proposals for the incentive instruments formation. The main method of research is the systemic and structural approach, which makes it possible to organize the search for solving problems most effectively. Methods of comparative, functional analysis and classification are also used. The theoretical basis of the article is the conceptual provisions and scientific principles developed by domestic and foreign scientists on the innovative development of industrial enterprises, tools for their implementation. However, the problems associated with the development and implementation of an effective mechanism for applying the innovative development of industrial enterprises in the context of the need to intensify the inclusiveness of innovative processes remain unfinished. The importance and significance of these questions determined the choice of the topic of the article, setting of the purpose and objectives of the study. The article analyzes the status and dynamics of innovative activities of domestic enterprises. The main trends and problems of the enterprises’ innovative development in modern conditions of limited financing and reducing the foreign investment resources are revealed. The level of using various types of innovations by industrial enterprises is investigated and the peculiarities of cost sharing for innovative activities are determined. The condition analysis of innovative activities of Ukraine’s industrial enterprises is carried out, namely the ratio of innovative products sold, the ratio of enterprises engaged in innovative activities, the number of new technological processes introduction and the production development of new types of products by industrial enterprises, funding sources of innovative activities. The structural analysis of various instruments efficiency of innovations financing in the domestic market is carried out. Ukraine’s innovation infrastructure should be provided with adequate resources in the context of a modern international methodology to support innovative business, which will help to minimize and close this gap. The available resources and potential should be focused on supporting research, which is one of the foundations of innovation potential, and creating an effective infrastructure that will help to transform research results into a product suitable for commercialization. Programs should be introduced to support academic payouts, start-ups, or other means of commercial use of innovative investments. The exposure-response relationships of innovative development stagnation are revealed and the ways of optimization and elimination of imbalance are provided. The recommendations for improving the innovative activities of industrial enterprises are developed.

When and why do people choose automated buses over conventional buses? Results of a context-dependent stated choice experiment

Introduction. The state and development of transport and logistics systems of the territories is inextricably linked with the investment climate and social and economic development, since it affects the mobility and dynamism of social and economic processes, forms additional advantages for the development of all types of business. That is why the study of the level of infrastructure provision of the transport and logistics system of the regions of Ukraine remains an important issue in modern conditions. Purpose. The article aims to develop the methodical tools for assessing the proportionality of the infrastructure provision of transport and logistics activities in the regions and the efficiency of the use of existing infrastructure objects. Results. The article deals with the essence and systematization of the main components of the transport and logistics infrastructure of the region. Under the infrastructure of transport and logistics activity of the region, it is proposed to understand the complex system of technical, organizational, economic, and informational and communication support for the implementation of transport and logistics services, which are concentrated in this region. The methodical approaches to carrying out of complex estimation of the infrastructure provision of the regions' development have been explored. The methodical approaches and analytical tools for estimating the imbalances of infrastructure provision and the efficiency of transport and logistics systems functioning in the regions are based on the calculation of the system of comparative indicators and parameters of transport and logistics activity in the regions and take into account the peculiarities of their geographical location and the corresponding competitive advantages (technical, organizational, financial, informational and specific). Conclusions. The effectiveness of the development of strategic plans and programs for the development of transport and logistics infrastructure at both the national and regional levels requires a systematic picture of the state of the infrastructure in certain regions and the weaknesses in which major efforts should be directed to overcoming. In this context, the use of the author's methodological toolkit can be useful in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the regions, their clustering, and identifying the priority tasks of optimizing the transport and logistics system in the design process of transport sector plans and programs.

The article examines the activities of the enterprise in the field of mixed agriculture at the level of strategic management. The object of the study was the company Agro-Clever LLC, specializing in the field of mixed agriculture. The subject of research is strategic management of an enterprise in the field of mixed agriculture. In order to analyze trends in the business environment, objectively assess the prospects of the enterprise, identify new opportunities and potential risks within the framework of this study, general scientific (analysis, synthesis, interpretation) and special (PEST analysis, factor analysis, coefficient analysis) methods were used. During the study, the main factors (political, economic, social and technological) affecting the outcome of the strategic management of the enterprise in the field of mixed agriculture were identified, such as the efficient use of resources, the development of innovation, risk management and the level of competitiveness. The identified shortcomings of the strategic position and strategic management of Agro-Clever LLC are characterized by both external and internal factors. Based on the analysis of the activities of Agro-Clever LLC, recommendations were developed to improve the strategic management system. Emphasis was placed on the need to constantly monitor and adjust the strategy in accordance with changes in the commodity market, as well as the introduction of technologies and the internal structure of the enterprise.

Abstract. Introduction. The essence and concept of logistics activities of enterprises are analyzed. The current state of logistics enterprises is studied. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to improve the theoretical aspects of logistics and develop practical measures to improve logical operations at enterprises in the region with their further implementation. Results. It is proved that there are problems at enterprises, in the logistics activities of the regions: information leakage, control, fraud, delays due to document flow, irrational use of transport, free loading of vehicles and more. We believe that business leaders should implement blockchain technology to optimize the company's operations and optimize working hours, which will increase the company's profits. It is necessary to stimulate the introduction of blockchain technology and its promotion in enterprises. Conclusion. Thus, the mechanism of formation of logistics activities of enterprises should be implemented taking into account the size of the enterprise, production volumes, employees, suppliers and sales channels, both wholesale and retail. However, the development and dissemination of information on the introduction of blockchain technology among enterprises is impossible without coordination and regulation by the state, regulation of this process by law, the use of tools of direct and intermediary influence. Management's doubts about the ease of implementation and confidentiality of information about the activities of their enterprises inhibit and support the factors of implementation of blockchain technologies among enterprises. But the benefits of implementing blockchain technology are available to both business and society. Therefore, the introduction of blockchain technology modernizes the logistics processes at the enterprise and is becoming more popular every year, which is a consequence of the digitalization of the economy

The article is devoted to technological innovations, problems of their implementation at the industry level and at the level of construction organizations. The factors hindering the introduction of innovations in the investment construction complex are identified. Measures of state support for this process are proposed. Recommendations are given for improving the mechanisms for introducing innovations in the investment construction complex. Technological progress determines the pace and strategic directions of construction development. Since the construction industry sets the pace of economic development and is an important sector of the economy of many countries of the world, there is no doubt about the relevance of the problem under study. The introduction of technologies has contributed to the dynamic development of construction services in the last few years in developed countries. The purpose of the study is to analyze the prerequisites for the strategic development of construction based on scientific and technical development, as well as to identify growth restrictions in the regions of the country. The following research methods have been used by the author - system, situational, network approaches, modeling of socio-economic processes. In the course of the study theoretical approaches to the development of construction in the conditions of scientific-technical progress were considered; a model of strategic development of the industry was presented, including legal documents, in particular the draft Strategy for construction until 2030. The transition to an innovative development path is a complex process that requires a unified policy at the regional and local levels. The article reveals the problems of the construction complex innovative development and substantiates the factors that stimulate its transition to a new technological structure. Despite certain difficulties, the construction sector has many prospects for further development, but there are restrictions related to financing, risks, and methodological support for evaluating innovations

The small and medium-sized manufacturers, which produce a small amount of different items, have a problem in terms of cost and time that is difficult to introduce automated production process control system for manufacturing and management of new products. In addition, companies’ ERP systems could not cope with real-time errors arisen from production processes dealing with actual logistics. And companies recently focus on introduction of Smart sensors for managing production processes, however, they have difficulty in optimizing deployment suitable to the corresponding company’s process by prioritizing only the technological introduction. Accordingly, this paper analyzed the production process currently used for manufacturing, and designed and implemented a production process control system that could deploy optimized Smart sensors and connect with them based on the analysis.