Контрейлерні перевезення як елемент ланцюга постачань аграрної продукції на світовий ринок

PurposeSince the implementation of the National Organic Program in 2002, the US organic market has grown in both scale and scope, consequently placing pressure on the organic supply chain. The crucial role of matching consumer demand for final products with farm-level production falls to certified organic handlers, the intermediary firms that process, manufacture and distribute organic products. Locating certified organic commodities and products that meet their needs, in a timely manner, is costly and challenging. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-methods study was designed to better understand organic sector supply chain relationships in the USA. Data were collected from certified organic handlers via survey and semi-structured interviews. Those interviewed were randomly selected from 153 survey respondents who expressed an interest in being interviewed. This paper presents an analysis of interviews with 26 certified organic handlers regarding the relationships with their suppliers.FindingsThree key concepts characterize the relationships between handlers and their suppliers: closeness, support and commitment. Nearly all handler supplier relationships possess some degree of closeness, where the handler expresses interest in their supplier. The relationships follow a spectrum of intensity, where the least engaged handlers provide little support and commitment, and the most engaged handlers provide support and commitment through a long-term relationship or contract.Originality/valueResearch into the organic supply chain is challenging to undertake, given the proprietary nature of the relationships. As the organic market continues to grow, the relationships along the supply chain will need to evolve to allow firms to meet consumer demand.

World agricultural sector has seen shifting significantly by suitably using e- technology. A good number of studies have been conducted on agriculture and food security. The growth rate of world organic farming or business increases to more than the growth rate of traditional agriculture. In Bangladesh the pace of growth of organic agriculture is insignificant. The organic agriculture or organic supply chain in Bangladesh was scarcely studied. Hence, an intensive study is needed for the organic agriculture industry to pursue the organic supply chain that leads to a promising growth of organic business. A great deal of research has been conducted to explore the factors that may influence the organic supply chain and growth of the organic business. This study aims to explore the influence of e-technology and the dynamics of the actors on the organic supply chain enhancing the growth of the organic business. By collecting data (primary data) using self-administrated questionnaires the research work was evaluated. A total of 389 responses from the organic agriculture industrial actors, consumers, and transporters were collected using stratified random sampling methods. To inspect and analyze data, Path Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques were used with AMOS. The research objectives of this study were accomplished and research hypotheses were supported. The results of the study indicated that the proposed model provided a good understanding of the factors influencing the organic supply chain. From the result, it was revealed that e-technology and dynamics of the actors of the organic supply chain influences the growth of organic business. This study theoretically offers useful information and collected data might help to further research relevant to the organic supply chain and the impact of factors and e-technology of the organic supply chain from various aspects.

PurposeWith the rapid growth of the economy, people have increasingly higher living standards, and although people simply pursued material wealth in the past, they now pay more attention to material quality and safety and environmental protection. This paper discusses the lack of motivation for investing in fresh-keeping technology for agricultural products by individual members of an agricultural supply chain composed of a supplier and a retailer by means of mathematical models and data simulations and discuss the optimal price-invest strategies under different sales models.Design/methodology/approachFirst, based on the model of no investment by both sides (NN), this paper considers three models: supplier only (MN), retailer only (NR) and cooperative investment (MR). Then, the authors analyze the influence of consumer price sensitivity and freshness sensitivity on the investment motivation of agricultural products under four models. Subsequently, the paper makes a sensitivity analysis of the optimal strategies under several models, and makes a game analysis of the suppliers and retailers of agricultural products. Finally, we conduct an empirical analysis through specific values.FindingsThe results show that (a) when the two sides cooperate, the amount of investment is largest, the freshness of the agricultural products is highest, and the sales volume is greatest; however, when both sides do not invest, the freshness of agricultural products and sales volume are lowest. (b) The price and freshness sensitivity of the consumer have an impact on investment decisions. Greater freshness sensitivity corresponds to a higher investment, higher agricultural product price, greater sales volume, and greater supply chain member income and overall income; however, greater price sensitivity corresponds to a lower investment, lower agricultural product price, lower sales volume, fewer supply chain members and lower overall income. (c) The investment game between the supplier and retailer is not only related to the sensitivity to price and freshness but also to the coordination coefficients of interest. At the same time, the market position of agricultural products should be considered when making decisions. The market share of agricultural products will affect the final game equilibrium and then affect the final benefit of the supply chain and individual members.Practical implicationsThese results provide managerial insights for enterprises preparing to invest in agricultural products preservation technology.Originality/valueAt present, the main problem is that member enterprises of agricultural supply chains operate based on their own benefits and are resistant to investing alone to improve the freshness of agricultural products. Instead, they would prefer that other members invest so that they may reap the benefits at no cost. Therefore, the enterprises in each node of the agricultural product supply chain are not motivated enough to invest, and competition and game states are observed among them, and such behavior is definitely not conducive to improving the freshness of agricultural products. However, the current research on agricultural products is more about price, quality and greenness, etc., and there are few studies on agricultural investment. Through the establishment of the model, this paper is expected to provide theoretical suggestions for the supply chain enterprises that plan to invest in agricultural products preservation technology.

For winning the competition, every entrepreneurs have to compete on supply chain. Tani Sejahtera Farm (TSF) is a distributor which cooperates with farmers in distributing organic rice in its supply chain. TSF had problems in coordinating product, financial, and information flows along its supply chain. This research aimed to analyze the condition of organic rice supply chain and its performance. The amount of samples were 14 samples which were all members of organic rice supply chain. FSCN (Food Supply Chain Networking) Framework was used for analyzing the condition of organic rice supply chain. Asset management efficiency approach was used for analyzing its performance. Organic rice supply chain had a network form. From the six elements, the condition of organic rice supply chain had not been good, especially in supply chain management, business processes and its overall performance. Supply chain management had not been implemented well in this supply chain. Its transaction system made TSF difficult to turn its capital back. From its business process, the financial and information flow had not been fluent. Its cash asset management performance had not been well also because it was too long for TSF in collecting its capital.

Purpose The organic reconfiguration in supply chain practices significantly varies with restaurant types, customers and the extent of the degree of serving organic food. The purpose of this study is to develop a quantitative application to measure the degree of serving Organic Food for Restaurant Supply Chains. Design/methodology/approach The detailed semi-structured interviews, onsite visits and secondary customer reviews of 60 restaurants of different sizes, locations and cuisines from India are used to explore typologies of organic supply chains. In the second stage, an approach for evaluating the degree of organic food serving is developed on the basis of Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) attributes, and differences between typologies are statistically tested using non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-test. Findings The results show that the degree of serving organic food differs with the type of restaurants across SCOR attributes. Based on the variations in SC practices, the work presents two types of restaurant supply chains – Organic Food Enthusiast (Type-I) and b) Village Voyagers (Type-II). The difference between the degree of serving organic food for the “Make” and “Enable” attributes is statistically insignificant. Despite variations in the strategic positioning, customer type and geographical context, both the organic supply chains tend to preserve their core making process. Practical implications The degree of serving organic food for each individual element of the SCOR model can be used by practitioners and managers to identify specific problems and opportunity areas where practical actions could be defined and taken to improve the organic food-based supply chain reconfiguration. Originality/value This paper proposes the quantitative approach to evaluating organic food serving capabilities of restaurant supply chains. Further, it empirically demonstrates the typologies of organic food serving supply chains.

Agriculture and allied activities hold a key to sustaining all human activities and ensuring a food-secured future. However, significant issues such as the ever-growing population and cut-throat competition for resources pose a continuous threat to the agricultural supply chains, thereby compromising sustainable agricultural development. To overcome the ever-escalating complex challenges in agricultural supply chains and production systems, advancements in precision agriculture, smart farming, and effective supply chain collaboration are critical for addressing agricultural sustainability challenges. This research study examines the direct effects of industry 4.0 technology capabilities (I4TC) and supply chain integration (SCI) on sustainable agricultural supply chain performance (SASCP). The study investigates the direct and indirect impact of I4TC on SASCP with SCI as the mediating variable; moreover, it seeks to validate the direct influence of I4TC on SCI and SASCP. Based on the data collected from 262 food processing organizations in India, the findings highlight noteworthy impacts of I4TC on SASCP and verify the presence of SCI as a partially mediating variable. Furthermore, the findings extend the body of knowledge on I4TC by recognizing I4TC as an enabler of SCI, thereby leading to enhanced SASCP. From the practitioner's perspective, the current study can help food-processing organizations better understand the importance of SCI in ASCs and provide valuable insights for managing ASCs to achieve SASCP.

PurposeThis paper aims to address the conceptual and practical challenges in integrating triple bottom line (TBL) sustainability in the agriculture supply chain (ASC). It identifies the key enablers for each of the three dimensions of TBL sustainability, analyses their causal relationships as well as cross-dimensional interactions under each TBL dimension. Further, it develops a decision support framework (DSF) for the assessment of TBL sustainability practices and policies in ASC and validates it through a case study.Design/methodology/approachAn interpretive structure modelling (ISM) methodology is deployed to establish the interrelationships among all TBL enablers and to identify the enablers with high driving power on sustainable ASC. Brainstorming by a group of experts was used to identify the relevant enables. Finally, a DSF was developed as a resultant of ISM.FindingsThe paper provides a set of enablers with high driving power that can significantly influence the sustainability practices and policies in ASC. The social enablers directly help to enhance the effect of economic enablers and collectively these enhance the effect of environmental enablers. If agriculture firms and supply chains design innovative policies and develop practices based on these enablers, they can achieve sustainable ASC. Consequently, the living standards of the people directly or indirectly associated with the agriculture firm or supply chain can be improved without compromising on economic performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper consolidates the fragmented knowledge of sustainable supply chain management in the agriculture sector and suggests a DSF to policymakers, managers and practitioners for assessing TBL sustainability practices and policies. The DSF has wide applicability in other sectors of production and operations management as these sectors also face the challenge of achieving TBL sustainability across their supply chain.Practical implicationsThe DSF, developed in the paper, is a useful tool for practitioners to frame and analyse sustainability initiatives and policies for ASC. A firm or supply chain may achieve TBL sustainability if it succeeds in uplifting the social status of its stakeholders.Social implicationsIt is a first step towards addressing the practical challenge of integrating sustainability in the agriculture sector of emerging economies and provides a path to improve the livelihood of people in the agriculture sector. Stakeholder engagement with a focus on collaboration and awareness may lead to the desired social and environmental consequences. Potential adverse social effects also need to be considered.Originality/valueThis paper focusses on the so far rather neglected but essential aspect of integrating TBL sustainability in the agriculture sector of emerging economies. The hierarchal representation and classification of the TBL sustainability enablers of sustainability is a unique effort in the field of ASC. Development of DSF is one of the first attempts to create a mapping between various enablers of TBL sustainability. The novelty of the study lies in the sector-specific, holistic evaluation of TBL sustainability policy measures that may lead to improvements in practice.

The data credibility tracing for agricultural product transactions is affected by all organizations in the entire supply chain. For traditional centralized product transaction management, the data are only stored in one organization in the supply chain, making transaction data management non-transparent and not credible. However, blockchain connects transaction information blocks into a tamper-proof and distributed chain ledger by Hash Function, which can help solve the problem. But the data access performance in blockchain still needs improvement. With Hyperledger Fabric as the underlying technology of the decentralized tracing system for agricultural products, and through improving system performance by Redis-based data structuring method, this study designed and implemented a complete chain tracing system from production, processing, package and logistics to sales of agricultural products. The study program not only introduced the design program and technological architecture of this system, but also evaluated the system performance under single-node and multi-node server environments. The experiment results show that the program integrating Hyperledger Fabric and Redis has a data access speed at least four times faster than that without Redis, especially for multi-node server, in which the performance improvement is over 20 times. Therefore, this design program can offer a feasible approach for improving system performance of the credibility tracing system of agricultural products.

Vegetables are a potential commodity. Pakcoy is one of the commodities have high deman. Because of high demand, quality assurance, insufficient supply and delivery that is not on time are the causes of the inefficient performance of Pakcoy's supply chain. Therefore, this study aims to identify and study the organic pakcoy management chain in the Brenjonk Organic Community. Respondents in this study were organic pakcoy farmers in the Trawas and Pacet areas, Brenjonk Organic Community, PT Y, and supermarkets. This research was conducted by using descriptive analysis method of Food Supply Chain Networking (FSCN) framework, trading system analysis, and descriptive analysis using attribute suitability. Discussion on organic pakcoy supply chain management at the Brenjonk Organic Community using the FSCN framework for chain analysis, business chain processes and supply chain performance analysis. Chain goals include market targets, development goals, and partnership development. Based on the results of this analysis, the management of the organic supply chain has not been going well because the supply chain is still too long.

With the increasing prominence of food safety problems, consumers are paying more and more attention to the quality and safety of agricultural products. Information traceability of agricultural products supply chain is an important way to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products. Blockchain technology provides a new solution for information traceability of agricultural products supply chain with its characteristics of decentralization, immutable and transparency. This paper reviews the basic principles of blockchain technology and its application in agricultural supply chain information traceability. By combing relevant literature, it is found that blockchain technology is widely used in the production, processing, logistics and other aspects of agricultural products, effectively improving the transparency and traceability of the supply chain. Finally, it is concluded that the information traceability of agricultural product supply chain under the blockchain improves the traceability, visibility and information security of the supply chain, and also promotes the cooperation and coordination among various entities in the supply chain. With the continuous development and improvement of blockchain technology, its application in agricultural product supply chain information traceability will be more extensive and in-depth, providing more solid technical support for the quality and safety of agricultural products.

In order to better realize agricultural informatization, a data management system for agricultural supply chain, which has the characteristics of safe, credible, stable, traceable, information-sharing, and large-throughput, is needed to construct. To date, the information management method for China's agricultural supply chain is usually stored in a centralized database and file system, with weak information management capabilities, leading to problems such as theft, tampering, deletion, and inconsistencies. In light of these problems, we introduce blockchain technology which is a cutting-edge technology in digital finance and has developed rapidly. This paper proposes a data management system based on blockchain technology and affords efficient data extraction, management and access control for heterogeneous forms of data across the agricultural supply chain. The data management system includes four credible data management platforms: agricultural production information, recording transportation information, farmer-consumer transaction information, and consumer credit information. It also can add more platforms according to later needs and combine an interstellar distributed file system and smart contract technology, making it possible to conduct information security research throughout the agricultural supply chain. The proposed system effectively protects information about supply chain activities including agricultural product production, warehousing, transportation, distribution, and sales. It implements seamless connection between agricultural product production and marketing, enabling the transforming and upgrading of agriculture, thereby helping farmers increase their income and eliminate poverty.

This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of agricultural supply chain using data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. This is because the supply chain of agricultural products is not regular and contains various members, which has been a limitation for analysis, but to overcome this, this study aims to systematically analyze it using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that hinder the development of the agricultural supply chain and propose strategies to improve the efficiency of the system. This study aims to verify the effectiveness of the analysis of China's agricultural supply chain, identify the main areas of inefficiency, and derive practical measures to optimize the supply chain system. This study provides implications for global agricultural supply chain cooperation between the Korean agricultural market and the Chinese agricultural market, which still has inefficiency factors, and for Korean companies to enter the Chinese agricultural supply chain market.

Agricultural production and climate have an interdependent and mutually influential relationship. Contemporarily, agricultural development and the environment have reached a dilemma — providing more agricultural products for a growing population while decreasing hazardous gas emissions in the whole agriculture supply chain. A comprehensive analysis of the current research results that focus on contradictions between agricultural production and climate change is the central concern of this thesis. Several studies have explained climatic influences on agricultural products’ nutrition, quantity, and sustainability. And types of existing research papers explained how modern agricultural supply chains contribute to climate change. Current studies studying agricultural supply chains and climate change mainly use linear regressions with historical data from different countries and projections of future data. There are also some articles based on historical data demonstrating the main factors influenced by the environment in each part of the entire supply chain flow chart through a logical flow. This article focuses on analyzing the limitations of current research on climate change and the agriculture supply chain and developing potential future research directions to guide current research in this field. The significance of this article is the expanding consciousness of the side-effects of growing agricultural products’ yields and the urgency to consider climate change as a crucial fact to food security based on analyzing existing papers.

A decomposition algorithm for organic solid waste supply chain optimization under uncertainty

Against the backdrop of domestic and international dual circulation and rural revitalization, artificial intelligence (AI) serves as the core impetus driving the digital transformation of the agricultural product supply chain. Existing research mostly focuses on the application ofAI in a single link of the agricultural supply chain, lacking studies from the perspective of e-commerce platforms on how to solve the problem of dispersed supply chain entities and achieve full-chain collaboration. This paper takes the Pinduoduo's Agricultural Land Cloud Group Buying Project as the research object and uses the case study method to analyze the empowerment practice of AI in the entire process of agricultural supply chain production, circulation, and sales, and explores the impact of macro and micro factors on the empowerment effect of AI. The research finds that the project has achieved the compression of supply chain links, reduction of losses, and increase in sales through AI, but it faces bottlenecks such as the low digital literacy of elderly farmers and the tilt of platform R&D resources towards the sales end. Based on this, this paper designs optimization paths from three dimensions: e-commerce platforms, government departments, and research institutions, providing theoretical and practical references for e-commerce platforms to empower the digital transformation of the agricultural supply chain.