Алгоритм определения типа добровольной пожарной охраны в сельских поселениях Московской области

Introduction. In order to ensure coherence and coordination of fire fighting when solving operational and tactical tasks, creating conditions for the effective use of all types of available forces and means of the local fire and rescue garrison, it is necessary to revise the traditional rules of management organization. The management support process, if it is rationally organized, helps to increase the correctness of interaction and coordination of the activities of voluntary fire departments in the process of making management decisions; makes it possible to increase the efficiency of their adoption and reduce the time period between identifying functional contradictions. There is a need to develop a structure for documentation support for the management of a local fire and rescue garrison, and to develop a theoretical approach to the organizational design of a system for document management activities of a manager. A model of documentation support for the management of voluntary fire brigade forces when extinguishing a fire is presented in the perspective of application by the governing body of the local fire and rescue garrison, by the local government body to ensure fire safety of the municipality. The tasks of the research are to analyze the organizational component of the documentation support for the management of voluntary fire protection forces in actions for the intended purpose; to give a comparative characteristic of various variants (models) of the organizational design of the documentation support for the management of voluntary fire protection forces in actions for the intended purpose. Methods. Methods of analysis, synthesis, graphic modeling method, a type of deterministic, visual modeling, and a method of comparative assessments were used. Results and discussions. A model of organizational design of documentation support for the management of voluntary fire protection forces in actions for their intended purpose has been developed. A proposal has been made on the expediency of its implementation as an element of the municipal fire safety system. Conclusions. The presented material theoretically substantiates the provisions of its application, the necessity of fundamental and applied research on this topic, including the assessment of the effect of efficiency of management by the forces of voluntary fire protection units in extinguishing a fire, as forces of operational subordination of the local fire rescue garrison management body, from the point of view of economic feasibility in the field of fire safety of municipal education. Keywords: voluntary fire protection; documentation support of management.

Fire safety aboard Coast Guard cutters is an important part of their design. In 1987, a pro ject was completed that involved a developmental application of the Ship Fire Safety Engineering Methodology (SFSEM) to the firesafety analysis of the Polar Icebreaker Replacement (PIR) design. The passive and active fire protection was analyzed for every compartment on the PIR in the integrated framework provided by SFSEM. Conventional fire protection engineering was used whenever information necessary for SFSEM was not avail able. Recommendations for alternative solutions to accomplish performance-based fire safety objectives, as well as guidelines for selected fire protection systems on the PIR, were provided.This paper describes the framework for the firesafety evaluation, techniques for quantifica tion, and the advantages and limitations identified by this application of the SFSEM for ship firesafety design. The quantification integrated available statistical data with case study analysis, inspection of the op...

Purpose. Based on the generalization of the results of long-term studies, the possibilities of protecting wooden churches from fires; detecting and extinguishing fire sources; ensuring safety of churchgoers in case of fire in conditions of limited resources are shown. Typical issues of ensuring fire safety of wooden cultural monuments are considered on the example of a unique monument of wooden architecture in Russia – the Assumption Cathedral in the town of Kem, Republic of Karelia, a parish church available to visitors. Methods. The tasks have been solved on the basis of the comprehensive examination of the church by experts and the analysis of fire safety state of the facility by fire prevention and extinguishment specialists. The criterion for ensuring fire safety is the fulfillment of the requirement on ensuring the normative value of the individual fire risk. Measures on fire protection of the church have been proposed, taking into account the experience of national and foreign developments in the field of fire safety at cultural heritage sites. Findings. The causes of the increased fire hazard of the wooden church in the town of Kem have been established and recommendations have been made for ensuring fire safety of the church. The recommendations for ensuring fire safety of the Assumption Cathedral have been made. To minimize the cost of adapting the facility to the modern use, options for fire protection of the church are given. Options for building construction and fire prevention are compared with engineering means of fire extinguishment, taking into account the features of historical wooden buildings. Research application field. A set of fire prevention measures makes it possible to establish a rational fire protection system of the facility based on the variant design and taking into account certain criteria. Recommendations can be considered as typical providing the required level of fire safety of religious facilities of wooden architecture. Conclusions. Recommendations have been made on a system of firefighting measures for protecting cultural heritage facilities of federal significance of the Russian peoples.

Heritage buildings represent state of the art at the time of their construction. Materials used that are often viewed critically today concerning fire safety. Preventive measures and any other active systems can prevent untoward incidences to heritage buildings. So, for a sound fire safety concept, several considerations can be made. Hence, by reviewing two heritage buildings that involved in the fire which are Shuri Okinawa Castle and Paris Notre Dame Cathedral, this paper is aimed to establish challenges faced by historical building in the event of a fire by referring to the selected case study and to determine whether minimal intervention imposed in passive fire protection provided in the premises is a good practice so that can be referred by others heritage buildings.Keywords: Fire Safety; Fire Protection; Heritage Buildings; Minimum InterventioneISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2091

Title: A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Fire Extinguisher and Safety among Basic B.Sc. Nursing 1 Year Students in Selected Nursing College of Nagpur City Introduction: Educating people on fire safety skills has been identified as a key strategy to save lives and reduce injuries associated with fires, and hence the following study will be conduct to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching program on knowledge regarding fire extinguisher and safety among basic B.Sc. nursing 1"year students in selected nursing colleges of Nagpur city. Objectives: The objectives of this study entail to assess the pre-test and post-test knowledge. To evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching program. To find out the association between knowledge score with selected Demographic variables. Method: The method decided to conduct the research is one group pre-test post-test pre-experimental design. The Population selected for this study is Basic B.Sc. nursing 1"year students, whereas Target population will be students of the selected nursing colleges for the same year and accessible would be who are available at the time of data collection. The semi-structured questionnaire will be prepared to collect data. The sample size will be 60 students in selected nursing college of Nagpur city, with the aid of using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Conclusion: The investigator assumes that the video assisted teaching program on fire extinguisher and fire safety will be effective and help in improving the knowledge of students.

Introduction. Using the example of territorial administration, the article presents organizational solutions to improve the work of the fire department when using new methods of organizing voluntary fire protection. Goal and tasks. The goal is to develop a methodology that combines the experience of foreign and domestic developments in the field of voluntary fire protection, which includes an area related to the training of firefighters. Objectives - to study the weakest points in the work of the fire department on the basis of the territorial administration; develop organizational solutions to improve the work of the fire department using new methods of organizing the voluntary fire department; explore the possibilities of supporting the voluntary fire department from enterprises located on its territory; consider the possibility of autonomous operation of the district’s voluntary fire department without the need to interact with regional structures. Methods. System analysis. Synthesis. Results and discussion. As a result of the study, a number of solutions were developed that, according to the authors, can radically change the work of the fire department, taking into account the use of a new approach to the organization of voluntary fire protection based on territorial administration. The use of voluntary units on such a scale can significantly simplify the work of the fire department throughout the region discussed in the article, and can also be used in other regions of Russia, taking into account regional specifics. Conclusion. The developed organizational solutions can be used to restructure the fire department. It is shown that improving the work of the voluntary fire department will increase the efficiency of firefighting, as well as solve a number of issues related to such problems as the distribution of departure areas between departments, the staffing of departments with workers and the necessary firefighting equipment to perform assigned tasks. Keywords: fire protection; voluntary fire brigade; All-Russian voluntary fire society; training; foundation.

office buildings are generally known to have high-rise of fire due to its complexity, combustible materials, and its economic value. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the fire safety protection and prevention system installed in six randomly selected office buildings. The method adopted in achieving the study objective includes literature review, interview, and physical inspection/observation. Thus, a multiattribute evaluation approach was adopted to establish adequate, inadequate, and no fire safety systems, used the pre-designed checklist from NFPA, 2008, NBC, 2006, and NFSC, 2013. The analysis of the result shows that some of the fire safety systems are mainly provided in the buildings. Thus, inadequate maintenance affect their performance greatly; the result shows that fire extinguisher has the highest performance among the fire safety system provided with 66.6% of the buildings have adequate, good working condition, properly position, etc., while 33.4% of the building does not have adequate fire extinguisher in term of performance, are not maintenance the system display lack in term of total compliance to the standard fire regulation. The results of the other systems were as follows: place of safety (33.4%); inadequate, (66.4%) no fire safety system, (0.00%) adequate, Escape Stair (0.00%), adequate, (33.4%) inadequate, (66.6%), no fire safety system, Fire Door (17%) adequate, (83%) inadequate (0.00%) no fire safety system, Travel distance (0.00%) adequate, (83%) inadequate, (17%) no fire system, Emergency lighting (0.00%) adequate, (100%) inadequate, (0.00%) no fire safety system, Fire Alarm (16.6%) adequate (66.6%) inadequate, (16.6%) no fire safety system. The firefighters access (0.00%) adequate, (100%) inadequate, (0.00%) no fire safety system, Artificial lighting (17%) adequate, (83%) inadequate and (0.00%) no fire safety system. Judging from the findings, the study recommended that, regular maintenance of fire safety system should be done to enhance effective functionality of the systems, effective fire safety management system should be developed to enhance continuous functions of the installed system and construction of any office building should be made to comply strictly with existing fire safety regulation, standard, and code.

Fire protection is obvious for safety purposes in human life because mishandling of fire sources can be the cause of serious accidents. In this paper, an Arduino based automatic fire alarm provider with extinguishing device is proposed for fire protection. The thermal model of a house and explanation of the proposed system is presented where smoke detector and temperature sensor assist the flame sensor. The flame sensor generates electric signals and transmits via mobile phone to the corresponding person to get notified. Besides this, the signal also triggers the fire extinguishing system automatically to take quick action. Simulation results are obtained by using MATLAB software. An Arduino based prototype of the proposed device is built and tested by creating artificial smoke and flame. Test results prove that, the proposed fire protection system responses quickly and effectively.

Fire Protection Provision of Structures from FHA Perspective

Fire in Labor and Delivery: Simulation Case Scenario

Optimized fire protection of cultural heritage structures based on the analytic hierarchy process

Stabile systems for fire protection have a great contribution in fire protection and fire elimination. These systems can be realized on different ways and with different fire extinguisher, such as water, CO2, dust, foam, inergen, halon or some other. Statistically, the number of fires in object with fire detection systems and without fire detection systems is equal. Systems with fire detection in early stage can't stop the occurrence of fire. But, with installed extinguishing systems at the existent systems, the potentials in sense of safety, detection and extinguishing are much bigger. This paper has written to present the stabile systems for fire protection of sprinkler type and FDS computer simulation of extinguishing with this kind of stabile fire protection system.

Chapter II-2: Construction – Fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction; Part E: Operational requirements

The current situation of self-built houses by villagers is prevalent in rural areas, where many villagers construct their own residential dwellings based on their personal needs and economic circumstances. These self-built houses are typically constructed using basic materials and traditional building techniques, often without adherence to strict building regulations and standards. As a result of the lack of professional knowledge and technical guidance, the structural integrity and safety of these houses are often compromised. In addition, the lack of firefighting facilities and fire prevention measures further increase the risk of fire accidents. This situation contributes to a higher incidence of fires in rural areas, posing a significant threat to the lives and assets of villagers. Therefore, it becomes imperative to improve the current state of self-built houses by villagers. Strengthening fire safety awareness and implementing robust fire prevention measures are vital in this regard. This paper aims to summarize the challenges involved in fire protection design for renovating rural buildings. Additionally, it proposes fire protection design principles specifically for the commercial transformation of self-built houses by villagers. By analyzing real-world engineering cases, this study puts forth specific fire protection measures concerning fire rescue, fire control zones (groups), evacuation design, and fire systems. To ensure the fire safety of these buildings, special fire protection design methods are employed. The effectiveness of the proposed fire protection measures are validated through the use of FDS fire and smoke numerical simulation analysis software and Pathfinder evacuation simulation software, ensuring the fire safety of the buildings. The results show that the available safe evacuation time that can be provided by this scenario is 1200 s as calculated by the FDS simulation, and the necessary safe evacuation time is less than the available safe evacuation time in case of a fire on the first floor of this building, and the safe evacuation of the people can be guaranteed. This study can provide a valuable resource for architects, engineers, and decision makers to implement effective fire protection measures during commercial remodeling of village-owned houses.

Polish construction law and technical and building regulations allow for deviations from the requirements with appropriate alternative solutions. Modern buildings often require an individual approach due to the fact that the current regulations do not keep up with the constantly emerging modern technical solutions. This requires the development of engineering design documentation in the form of a technical opinion on the state of fire protection, prepared by building and fire protection experts. This documentation, previously agreed with the locally competent Regional Fire Chief of the State Fire Service, is submitted through the local building authority to the Minister responsible for construction issues. The subject of the article is the development of a justified set of alternative solutions for a warehouse building equipped with pick tower racks. Modern computer methods, simulations of evacuation, smoke extraction and construction were used to justify the solutions used. Determination of the mutual influence of the applied solutions on the expected level of fire safety allowed to confirm the validity of the adopted design concept. As a result, a complete fire protection concept was obtained, which, after its application to the documentation of the construction project, will allow safe use of the building. The analyzed building was implemented in Poland and, using the described fire safety concept, passed all stages of the investment process.