Формирование цифровой модели угольного месторождения в горно-геологической информационной системе МАЙНФРЭЙМ

The article presents a solution to the practical problem of ore deposit opening-up and mining. A digital geological model of the ore deposit was created in the mining and geological information system (MGIS) MINEFRAME. The authors carried out an automated analysis of mining and geological conditions of the deposit and calculated balance and off-balance reserves. Parameters and boundaries of a protective pillar under protected surface water objects were determined; its digital model was created and ore reserves within its limits were calculated.The annual production capacity and the mining period of the first stage of underground mining of deposit area were calculated. Based on the analysis of the thickness of the overlying rocks above the ore deposit and surface, rational locations for the main underground mine openings on the surface were identified. The authors created a digital scheme of opening-up and reserves preparation for stope excavation in MGIS MINEFRAME. The construction volume of mine workings was defined using an automated mining planning module. To ensure safe and comfortable environment when conducting underground mining under the Far North conditions with caving of ore and host rocks the authors determined the need to create a safety and thermal insulating pillar.

Creation of mine development plans for mining operations in the ferrous and non-ferrous metals industry is a timeconsuming and creative process that requires high levels of specialist expertise, especially in manual planning, where it is quite difficult to assess the impact of decisions made hic et nunc on the future development of the company. Application of mining and geological systems in planning makes it possible to simulate and assess many different options in mine development within a short period time and with sufficiently high reliability. These systems allow planning specialists to make more informed and correct decisions without the fear that these decisions may lead to deterioration of open pits or mines. The article describes the course of project implementation to transform the business processes of mine planning using mining and geological information system by Dassault Systemes at the METALLOINVEST Group of Companies as exemplified by the Mikhailovsky GOK Lebedinsky GOK mines.

This article studies optimization of open pit mining using mining and geological information systems and technologies. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm of optimizing the contour of an open pit using a mining and geological information system. The Lerch-Grossman algorithm has been applied using the Whittle program. Justification for changing the contour of an open pit based on the opening scheme, geometric characteristics and special technical and economic parameters of the blocks has been proposed. This proposal provides increasing the production efficiency and reducing capital and operating costs during the development of the deposit. The authors have come to the conclusion that the functionality of updated mining and geological information systems helps to take into account market conditions when designing the main parameters of an open pit and to make the right decision at the stage of preparing a deposit for development and while optimizing the existing open pit contour.

With the rising demand for mineral resources, efficient deposit management has become a critical challenge in modern mining. This article underscores the significance of geological modeling in coal deposit management, emphasizing the essential role that digital deposit models play across various mine departments. It outlines the methodology for creating geological models, detailing steps such as data digitization, validation, model construction, calibration, and continuous updates. The article examines three specific deposit modelling software programs (Minex, MineScape, and Carlson) highlighting their unique features and suitability for multi-seam coal deposits. The findings include the development of contour maps, structural and qualitative models, and conducting economic analyses. Additionally, the article discusses the importance of modelling tectonic disturbances and creating qualitative maps for effective deposit exploitation planning. It concludes by emphasizing that the integration of information technology with geological expertise is crucial for precise planning and optimization of mining operations, leading to more efficient and sustainable resource management.

In contemporary clinical settings, three-dimensional (3D) models have become an integral component of daily practice. Photogrammetry, a novel method in clinical practice, enables the creation of precise 3D models from small objects while maintaining their original shape and size. To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of digital models (DM) generated using photogrammetry techniques compared to traditional gypsum models (GM) and to investigate the feasibility of utilizing free software for processing and manipulating digital dental models. The study employed a meticulous approach, utilizing specialized software tools to execute the photogrammetry process. Impressions of the maxillary arch were obtained from 50 subjects, and GM were meticulously crafted from these impressions. The subsequent step involved capturing detailed photographs of each GM from various angles, which were then processed using 3DF Zephyr Free® software by 3Dflow (Verona, Italy). This software, renowned for its semi-automatic functionality, facilitated the reconstruction process by seamlessly processing the uploaded photos. For the measurements, Blender®(Blender Institute B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands) - a sophisticated software in digital modeling and animation - was used. While digital calipers were employed to measure the GM, Blendersoftware was utilized to measure the DM. The results of the analysis, as evaluated by unpaired t-tests and volumetric assessments, revealed no significant discrepancies between the measurements obtained from the GM and the DM generated via photogrammetry. The findings underscore the efficacy of these software tools in ensuring accuracy and reliability in the digitization process.

The article deals with the study of methodological geological block modelling. The method of block modeling of a coal deposit geological structure in mining and geological information systems Geovia Surpac and Micromine Origin is staged considered. These innovative software solutions are important and relevant for maximization and productivity increase of coal deposits asset value and data processing during mining cycle development. In all modules and commands of these information systems mathematical algorithms for resource estimation and block modeling are integrated. After drillholes database creation and wireframe models building it is possible to create a block model. Block models allow to transfer sampling data quickly and distribute and evaluate visually the reservoir qualities of coal deposits. As estimations are made, it is easy to generate and get reports of the deposit. Block models are also a basis for the development of a geomechanical model with a spatial distribution of physical and mechanical rocks properties values that allow to estimate the stability of mine engineering objects slopes and improve the safety of mining operations.

The article describes basic approaches and trends in advancement of rock mass stress–strain behavior prediction in rockburst-hazardous mining. The prediction systems based on the dedicated program package Sigma GT are introduced in some Russian mines which operate in very hard rock masses prone to brittle fracture and subjected to gravitational–tectonic stresses. The manmade impact is accompanied in this case by the induced dynamic pressure phenomena. The use of geomechanics prediction systems in mines for more than 10 years proves their high efficiency, first of all, owing to the stress–strain analysis and assessment in real time. The ‘do-it-yourself’ analysis of different mining scenarios with a view to reducing stress concentration, selecting proper mine support systems as well as distressing minimizes risks associated with mining in high-stress rock masses. While being used, the geomechanical prediction program Sigma GT undergoes continuous development, updating and adaptation to specific mining conditions. The urgent tasks of the present day are: complexing of the stress–strain modeling results and monitoring data, which means the seismic monitoring in the first place; construction of correlated different-scale 3D models; fullest inclusion of structural discontinuities of rock masses; elaboration of guidance package on safe mining with regard to the geomechanical prediction results; development of instruments for determining current and prognostic parameters of rockburst-hazardous zones based on a set of factors in geological information systems of operating mines.

This article presents the results of research in the field of assessing the condition of agricultural lands for their subsequent return to agricultural use, based on aerial photography materials obtained using the Russian hardware-software complex for aerotopographic survey with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) "Geoscan 201". A comprehensive technology for monitoring the condition and use of agricultural land is presented to ensure their rational and efficient use and protection, and to establish protective measures for the country's food security as a top-priority state task. Particular attention is paid to the planning and organization of aerial photography with an unmanned aerial system (UAS), preparation of flight documentation, obtaining permits, approvals, external pilot and UAV licenses, and geodetic support for aerial photography. The technology of processing aerial images in the domestic digital photogrammetric system (DPS) Agisoft Metashape Professional for creating true digital orthophoto maps (TDOC) and digital terrain models (DTM) of the returned agricultural lands is also considered. Interpretation, analysis, and assessment of the results were carried out in Russian software – the computer-aided design (CAD) system NanoCAD. This article was prepared based on the results of scientific research work carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "State University of Land Use Planning," 2025.

The article presents brief characteristics of the Kharbalakhs and Nadezhda deposits currently being mined. Exploration data on their specific structure, the variability of the geometric parameters of the seams, the statistical heterogeneity of the ash content in coal are reported. Frame and block models of the main coal seams are constructed based on the compiled database with use of mining and geological information systems. The paper considers a number of methods for interpolation of coal grade at different density of the exploration network. The spatial distribution of ash content in coal seams is mapped. The use of the obtained results can increase the validity of the decisions made at the planning, mining and coal preparation stages.

The information about the generally accepted methods of modeling mineral deposits into a step-by-step methodology is systematized in the article. The method of modeling the geological structure of ore deposits of minerals in the mining and geological information system Micromine based on geological exploration data is considered step by step. As a result of the modeling process, the specialist receives a block model of the mineral. The most common way of interpreting an ore body based on geological profiles is covered gradually. The article describes the algorithm for constructing a geological model, which includes importing data into the Micromine GIS environment, and their visualization in gradual mode: creating a database of exploration wells, displaying their mouths and trajectories, and selecting ore intervals in accordance with the requirements of the State Commission on reserves. The obtained ore intervals are used for interpreting data on vertical sections, combining contours of ore bodies and building their frame models, as well as creating an empty block model and interpolating laboratory testing data into it. The authors do not consider the method of modeling coal deposits and the method of conditional modeling. Suggestions are made on the subject of future research in terms of describing methods for modeling reservoir deposits and conditional modeling

Increasing volume of agricultural production is impossible without increase of the volume of transportation in this area. Wide range of goods transported, sharp fluctuations in demand for transport in the course of year are conditions for effective use of wheeled tractors in agriculture. At the same time, the increase of transport speeds of wheeled tractors and the emergence of new types of transmissions sharpen the problem of maintaining security in the braking mode. That is why there is an important problem in the study of braking of wheeled tractors with hydrovolumetric-mechanical transmissions. The article presents the spatial mathematical model of braking of a tractor-analogue Belarus 3022 DV with hydrovolumetric-mechanical transmission. The article shows the block diagram and the mathematical model of transmission of the tractor-analogue Belarus 3022 DV, as well as the physical and mathematical model of its braking. The presented spatial mathematical model of braking of the wheeled tractor-analogue Belarus 3022 DV with hydrovolumetric-mechanical transmission permits to investigate the influence of methods of service and emergency braking, brake system types and operating conditions on kinematic, force and energy parameters of hydrovolumetric-mechanical transmission and braking performance

In this paper, we investigate blended physical-digital kinesthetic feedback (or blended haptics in short) as a means for controlled three-dimensional design ideation in mixed reality (MR) environments. We define blended haptics as a spatial interaction wherein a physical object (e.g. a 3D printed human head) provides a specific design context for a user to generate ideas through physical manipulation of and on the object (e.g. drawing a digital sketch of a helmet) in the virtual environment. Using 3D wire-frame modeling as a concrete digital prototyping context, we investigate this idea of blended haptics in terms of how it supports design cognition specifically in spatial user interfaces. For this, we implemented a modeling tool as an experimental setup that allows a user to directly create curve-networks (wire-frame models) on a physical object (i.e. a contextual proxy) with one hand while simultaneously controlling the object with the other hand using a tracked turn-table. The key idea is that the user can simultaneously experience kinesthetic feedback from both the physical objects as well as the digital wire-frame models. To systematically investigate our approach, we conducted a comparative user evaluation of conceptual design tasks performed by two groups of users, one with the blended haptics (e.g. physical head and digital helmet) and the other with purely digital haptic feedback (e.g. digital head and digital helmet). Our study shows that blended haptics required less physical effort in the design task and resulted in concepts with higher novelty score as compared to using purely digital haptic feedback.

The Talnakh and Oktyabrsky deposits of rich copper and porphyry copper ore are currently being developed by NorNickel’s Polar Division mostly by mining systems with backfill. The backfill technology includes a sequence of labor-consuming process flows, namely, preparation of cemented backfill mixtures, transportation of backfill to placement sites, formation of an artificial fill mass, etc. The quality of the backfill play a decisive role in the safety of stoping. The main trend in the backfill technology improvement is the use of chemical additives manufactured by the world’s top producers, meant to improve rheological properties of cemented backfill mixtures during transportation, to reduce amount of water in the backfill mixture composition and to enhance the backfill strength, which can stimulate safety and performance of mining owing to shorter time of curing of the backfill at the preserved strength standards. The current backfill technology in use in underground mines of NorNickel’s Polar Division is discussed in detail. The main lines of the backfill improvement are described with regard to the advanced technologies and materials intended to modernize the process of the cemented backfill production, to enhance automation level and to ensure efficient implementation of the strategy targeted at sustainable development at escalated occupational health and safety and environmental soundness. At the end, this can allow NorNickel to take the top positions among the high-tech mining companies of the world. The authors appreciate participation of A. A. Kisel, A. E. Lytneva and V. R. Burakova from the Geodynamic Safety Center of NorNickel’s Polar Division in this study.

The planning stages of mining require comprehensive and detailed analyses. The proper determination of the orebody boundary is one of the most important points to provide optimum model structure and projections. The limits can be determined by different methods based on the site geology. Although some three dimensional (3D) models were proposed for providing detailed information concerning a mine deposit, developing a solid model via a3Dapproach is novelty. In other words, surface modeling should be performed for creating a solid model and determining limits of the deposit. In this way, sensible generation of the surface model can be achieved. This study investigated the estimation capability of the polynomial approach, which is a novel spatial interpolation method, for modeling a coal deposit surface. The performance of the proposed model was compared with some conventional methods in the literature. The results showed that the polynomial interpolation method is an effective method to employ for surface modeling of a mine deposit.

The purpose of the article is to summarize the commercial operation performance (2019–2021) of software modules designed for mine planning at Uralkali. The article discusses five out of twelve software modules used to create annual mining plans as a part of the corporate mining and geological information system of PJSC Uralkali. The key objectives solved include: delineation of planned operation areas on digital mining plans for each shearer; distribution of planned production volumes per types of activity, shearers, mining sites and per minerals (carnallite, sylvinite) per month; determination of qualitative and quantitative indicators of produced ore mass within the planned operation areas with regard to the type of activity (stone drivage, permanent roadway development, stoping); mapping of roadways and stoping boundaries on the digital plan per each extraction panel quarterly; determination of produced volumes of minerals and gangue; setting of loss and dilution standards for each extraction panel; compilation and redaction of tabular, graphic and text documentation on annual mine planning, etc. Accomplishment of the listed tasks involves the mining, geology, surveying and geomechanics personnel of mines and at Uralkali. In this regard, the created software products are meant to tackle a critical problem connected with the full and prompt provision of all annual mine planning experts with verified source information to ensure their interaction and proper determination of planned mining performance for a preset period of time.