КОНЦЕНТРАЦІЯ РИНКУ БАНКІВСЬКИХ ПОСЛУГ УКРАЇНИ: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

In the article substantiates the economic essence of the banking services market and identifies current trends in its development. It is emphasized that the banking services market is a complex environment for generating demand and supply for banking products, which is dynamically developing and acquiring new features in the context of modern world economic processes. Segmentation of the domestic banking system was considered, the reasons for its structural changes were revealed, in particular, it was found that most liquidated banks did not cope with the challenges faced by the banking sector in crisis conditions of operation, failed to adapt the structure of their assets and maintain their quality at the proper level. The features of lending activity of banking institutions were investigated and the leading banks were identified by volume of deposit portfolio. It has been established that the main directions of Ukrainian banking innovations in recent years have been: mobile banking, cardless payments via mobile phone, activation of presence in social networks, 24/7 operating mode, electronic rest, individualization of customer needs. The paper identifies a leader in the banking services market by applying an innovative development strategy.The tendency to continuous growth both in volume and in the number of non-cash transactions using payment cards has been revealed. The priorities for Ukrainian banks are to improve cybersecurity systems, implement digital transformation programs, attract, develop and retain talent, as well as enhance efficiency through innovation.The financial services of the banks of Ukraine, which are most popular in the remote mode among the clients (issuing and servicing of plastic cards, receiving and making payments, Internet banking), are identified. The unequal conditions of competition in the Ukrainian banking market are considered and the prospects for its further development are outlined.Key words: banking market, banking product, credit activity, deposit portfolio, banking innovations, mobile banking, payment cards.

The relevance of the work is due to the need to identify the main marketing trends in the development of the Russian banking market for forecasting and accounting of the vector of its further development. The article notes the importance of the Russian banking system for the national economy. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of consumer behavior in the conditions of transformation of the Russian economy on the banking services market. For this purpose, three main research hypotheses were formulated. The object of the study for the banking services market was residents of the city of Moscow over 18 years and older. The subject of the study was the state and features of consumer behavior, as well as factors that determine consumer behavior on the banking services market in the context of the transformation of the Russian economy and digitalization of society, formed under the influence of the crisis situation associated with the introduction of a self-isolation regime due to the spread of coronavirus infection. As a result of the study, the main marketing trends of consumer behavior in the Russian banking market were identified, including an increase in interactions with the bank in digital channels. The use of modern services (mobile banking, contactless payment system), the growth of trust in the reliability of electronic resources and modern digital technologies in relation to the financial component of their lives, as well as the priority of using a number of banking services (online transfers, online payments).

This paper covers the features of applying innovations in the banking sector in Ukraine. It was found that for building customers' confidence and meeting their needs, banks shall continually improve the quality of services aided by active introduction of innovations. In order to clarify the peculiarities of innovation in the banking sector, the basic concepts of innovations and innovative activity were defined. The significance of globalization for the domestic banking system is determined. The list of positive effects of globalization on the application of innovation in banks is provided. The role of the innovative capacity of banks to implement innovation is characterized. The model of structured approach to innovative activity of a bank is built, which consists of resources required for introducing innovations, effect of external factors and factors of innovative activity of a bank. The components of an integrated approach to management of banking innovative activity are given. Classification of bank innovations is provided and the life cycle of innovative product is described, which includes three phases, namely growth, maturity and decline. The most current innovations being introduced by the banks are identified, such as mobile banking and Internet banking. The essence of mobile banking is described, which includes SMS informing about the operation on the account, the function of inquiry of the account balance, etc. Internet banking is separately described, which is being actively implemented by the banks in Ukraine in their practice of banking services. Classification of Internet banking services is provided, including basic services and optional services. The importance of such information innovations as applications for smartphones is outlined. It was established that innovations in the management system of banks in Ukraine take one of the leading roles and ensure their sustainable development. Through innovations financial institutions of Ukraine can capture positive and new trends not only in the domestic market of banking services but also go beyond it.

Abstract. Conceptual methods and scientific hypotheses concerning the formation and development of the investment activities of commercial banks in Ukraine, as well as increase the efficiency of interaction of the domestic banking sector to the global financial environment require the formalization of a set of measures, both national and global. The result of the analysis of theoretical positions and practical aspects of international experience investment banking was the separation of positive and negative trends for the banking sector in the face of international integration of credit and investment system. Growing sensitivity of national economies to the global crisis, reduced the effectiveness of monetary regulation at national level, increasing the intensity of the international movement of bank capital. Formation of modern mechanism for implementing international investment strategies of domestic banks enhances the competitiveness of the country, its foreign trade sector and meet future challenges of structural reforms, modernization and increased efficiency of the national economy. A characteristic feature of the investment activities of commercial banks in Ukraine in the context of globalization is that financial transactions are a reflection and a kind of quintessence of the processes taking place in the real economy, and the economic efficiency of international investment activities of domestic commercial banks is determined by their integration into the global financial market and participation in process of financial globalization. It is becoming increasingly important determinant of global research investment strategies of commercial banks in Ukraine based on partnership in innovation and provide for improvement of proportions, shapes and lines of the state's participation in the international capital. Key words: globalization, financial globalization, investment space, international investment, investment potential, banking, investment banking

The financial crisis struck with full force in the autumn of 2008. Very soon after the start of the crisis, culprits were sought. An important recurring argument was that liberalization of trade in banking services, as pursued at the European (within the EU) and international level (in the WTO), had seriously reduced the possibilities for governments to regulate and supervise the banking sector. This book examines the validity of this claim and considers how EU law and WTO law deal with the trade-off any policy-maker must make between stability and efficiency in the market for banking services. The book considers specifically the interaction between EU and WTO law because the EU is itself a Member of the WTO, next to its Member States. This implies that the EU must respect the obligations it undertook in the framework of the WTO when the EU determines its policy towards third-country banks.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the activities of commercial banks in Ukraine during the period of full-scale war. Its purpose is to identify new trends in banking activity and substantiate recommendations for restructuring the work of banks and its state regulation in the post-war period. During the study, a number of hypotheses were tested. It is proved that despite the significant number of commercial banks in Ukraine, the banking services market is actually oligopolistic. Taking into account the fact that state-owned banks, whose share in the total assets of commercial banks reaches 56%, actually pursue a coordinated policy and act as a single entity, the Herfindahl-Hirschman index for the banking sector of Ukraine is more than 3000, which corresponds to an oligopolistic market. This situation is justified for martial law, but it will require changes in the post-war period. The hypothesis that the main factor affecting the size of commercial banks’ assets is monetary aggregates was confirmed. The closest correlation was found between the size of assets and the monetary aggregate M2. This gives reason to recommend regulating this monetary aggregate as a tool for state regulation of banking assets. During the full-scale war, the tendency to change the structure of banking assets, which originated back in 2020, intensified. A sharp decrease in the share of loans granted was noted, while the share of debt securities, mainly government bonds, increased. On the one hand, this is evidence of the success of the implementation of government programs to attract funds from commercial banks for borrowing and covering the state budget deficit, and on the other hand, it distracts the banking system from fulfilling its main function - mobilizing temporarily free funds and providing loans. The high yield of government bonds, the NBU discount rate, which significantly exceeds the inflation rate, make loans inaccessible to business. And since other components of the market infrastructure (for example, joint investment institutions) are underdeveloped in Ukraine, business is actually deprived of the opportunity to attract funds for the implementation of investment projects. A study of the dynamics of bank performance indicators (ROA, ROE) for the period from 2008 to 2024 showed that after the banking crisis of 2015-2018, when the banking system as a whole operated at a loss, in the following years the situation not only stabilized, but also demonstrated that banks received excess profits. This is again a consequence of high interest rates on government securities and the concentration of profits in state-owned banks. Substantiated proposals for changes in state policy in the post-war period, which should revive the lending activities of commercial banks.

The modern market of financial services can be characterized as a combination of classic credit and non-credit products with the latest innovative achievements of Fintech companies. Improving the range of financial products is due to the current circumstances in which consumers of financial products must resort to financial institutions as intermediaries in financial transactions between counterparties. The latter circumstance is due to the development of mobile gadgets that can provide access to online banking to customers without a personal visit to the bank’s office. The purpose of the study is to identify trends in the Russian market of electronic and banking services and tools, with the help of which the desired transformations occur. For this, the following tasks are posed and solved using methods of comparison, analysis, and synthesis: the key stages of development of electronic payment systems, and the structure of payments in the market of financial services are determined, the main tools for their implementation are identified. The results obtained may well be useful to financial institutions to develop the market of electronic payment services.

Introduction. Inconsistency of the governmental regulatory impact on the socio-economic processes is one of the destructive factors in the increasing asymmetry of regional development. The decisions taken in the sphere of financial market regulation have provoked large-scale structural and quantitative changes in the banking system. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the occurred transformation on regional development and to analyze the possibilities of reducing gaps in the volume of banking services provided in Russia’s regions as well as in the level of their socio-economic development. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and the Federal State Statistics Service. The results of the banking system transformation and the possible impact of the changes on regional development were assessed using the methods of scientific knowledge. When working with the empirical material, the methods of comparison, measurement and evaluation were used. Results. The authors have identified gaps in the level of socio-economic development of Russia’s regions. For a long time, a number of regions have demonstrated limited opportunities for self-development and to fulfil their potential. The acuteness of this problem can be smoothed out by the tools of bank regulation (e.g. lending). After the decrease in the number of regional banks, the banking services market has seen steady signs of oligopoly with a marked decline in price competition. Negative effects of this decline have been increasing at the regional level. Discussion and Conclusion. Regional socio-economic dynamics demonstrate high sensitivity to the reduction in the number of regional banks operating independently as well as to the decline in price competition in the banking services market. It is important that the regional component be taken into account in regulatory practices, including that applicable to the banking sector. Preservation of the regional segment of this system will help to solve a lot of problems at the local level and thus make a significant contribution to overcoming the gaps in the socio-economic development of the regions. The results of this study will be useful to managers of the Central Bank of Russia, as well as to regional and local authorities.

One of the key trends in the development of the modern securities market is activity of private investors, whose financial resources are the most important factor determining the trends of its modern development. Based on the identified non-systemic risks inherent in the financial market and having a direct impact on private investors, the article assesses the degree of changes in the confidence of private investors in securities transactions through a comparative analysis of the banking services market and the primary securities market in the context of increasing the manufacturability of services provided. By identifying the correlation between the activity and property income of private investors in the Chechen Republic, it was established that property income is mainly formed through the banking services market using digital channels and individual investment accounts. In the context of reorientation of private investors from investments in government and other securities to investments in equity securities carried out through brokerage accounts, investment income using digital investment channels continues to be formed through operations in the banking services market. This means that there is no pronounced influence of the decreasing riskiness of financial transactions caused by the use of digital technologies on the activity of private investors in the regional securities market. In generating income for a private investor, preference is given to the banking services market using individual investment accounts. Nevertheless, the growth of investments in equity securities and, accordingly, income from them indicates the emerging trend of increasing confidence in the market of shares.

The banking system is a coherent set of banking institutions, operating in a country, responding to the needs of a stage of socio-economic development. It is a booming field and involves in its development the entire economy. In this paper, I analyzed the performance and competitiveness of the banking system in the Republic of Moldova through the analysis of the number and volume of loans granted and deposits attracted. I also studied the profit and loss situation of the banks during the two years of the pandemic. Moreover, I evaluated the satisfaction of consumers of banking services, and I established the top 4 banks based on their performance. Consequently, due to the fact that banks compete with one another, they have to offer great services for their clients - otherwise individuals will change to another, better, bank. This makes banks more effective and productive, which is good for the economy.

The development of international bank transfers and mobile applications in Ukraine is considered. The essence of bank transfer, types and participants of the transfer process are defined. The tendency of development of money transfers in Ukraine, where international transfer systems are used both within the country and for receiving funds from abroad, is analyzed. The largest amounts of funds received in the country through international systems from foreign countries are identified. According to the research results, the most popular transfer systems most often used in Ukraine have been allocated as follows: SWIFT, IntelExpress, Western Union, MoneyGram, RIA MoneyTransfer. Among the cross-border transfers received in Ukraine we distinguish the following: remuneration of workers, which includes incomes of migrant workers working abroad for up to one year; «private transfers», which include transactions between resident and non-resident households. Recently, according to the results of statistical reporting on the analysis of private remittances, an increase in their volumes has been noted. The dynamics of volumes of private remittances in Ukraine by major countries is provided, which indicates an increase in their number over the past few years. The support of consumers of banking services in the direction of international bank transfers in wartime conditions in Ukraine is examined. Among them: support for international systems by canceling or reducing transfer fees; the emergence of new services. It is noted that the banking services market is sensitive to innovation processes, especially those related to the introduction of information technologies. Among such technologies, mobile applications for transferring money, which are extremely popular today, are allocated and studied. Based on the main criteria of Monito company, a digital startup whose mission is to help by saving on fees and exchange rates when making money transfers, the best mobile money transfer apps are considered. The rating of the best modern mobile applications for transferring funds is provided.

In the changing conditions of life, it is very important to monitor the main trends in the development of banks. This contributes to the competent assessment of the activity of the banking system in the competitive market and the improvement of the quality of customer service, both retail and corporate. Constantly improving service delivery platforms reflect the result of hard work of specialists, increase the profitability of the banking sector and allow to maximize profits. The article deals with the implementation of financial innovations in the service of corporate clients by Ukrainian banks. It is emphasized that the catalyst for the development of digitization in banks was the quarantine conditions of 2020. The global trends in the development of innovations in banking practice have been studied. The best innovations in products and services for corporate clients are characterized. It was revealed that the main global banking innovations are: opening a digital account; application programming interfaces; video collaboration; p2p payments, cloud computing, chatbots, machine learning, digital lending systems. They ensure close communication between the bank and the client, quick receipt of products and services by clients, protection of bank data, and reduction of risks. Signs of attractiveness of new banking products are high reliability, profitability and quality, as well as profit from the introduction of modern financial technologies. The result of cooperation with fintech startups is new products and services or products and services with new qualities: innovative programs and projects; new intelligent products; modern new technological equipment and processes; new approaches to market formation of modern banking products and services. Particular attention is paid to ensuring the equality of the participants in the relationship (banks and clients) and the openness of the necessary information for them; provided own systematization of clients from the point of view of readiness for innovations and a list of the main innovative changes taking place in the banks’ service to corporate clients.

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Introduction. It is emphasized that the sustainable development of national economy is possible as long as the financial services market functions effectively. The market is formed by the entities providing insurance, banking and investment services.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to identify the current challenges which hinder the development of Ukraine’s financial services market.Methods. The methodological framework of the study includes the following general research methods: induction, analysis, and generalization.Results. The main indicators reflecting the performance of the domestic insurance services market are analysed. Based on gross insurance premiums and insurance payments, it is found out that the most common type of insurance is vehicle insurance. The research paper claims that nowadays various types of insurance are being developed progressively in Ukraine. Special attention is paid to life insurance, because this type of insurance is viewed as socially essential. However, the development of life insurance market in Ukraine is rated as low.The presence of domestic banks on the financial services market is determined through the following indicators: the amount of funds received by business entities and individuals; the amount of gross loans granted to them. Under the current conditions, the domestic banks are providing financial services with innovative solutions.The main performance indicators of the domestic market of investment services with the participation of joint investment institutions are analysed. The development of this segment of the investment services market is evidenced by the increasing volume of assets owned by investment funds. The author also notes that there is a lack of people’s involvement in joint investment institutions.Discussion. The research findings are applicable and can be used in implementing strategies for the growth of Ukraine’s financial services market.

The modern world is rapidly moving towards digitalization, and the banking system is no exception. One of the key directions in the development of banking services is the introduction of remote customer service. This allows banks to be closer to their customers, to provide convenient, fast and efficient services without the need to visit a branch. In Ukraine, remote banking has become an important component of the banking system, contributing to increasing the availability of financial services and their efficiency. The study of this issue makes it possible to understand the trends, prospects and challenges of the development of remote banking in Ukraine. Online banking has become an important component of the modern financial system and has significantly influenced the development of the banking sector of Ukraine. In the conditions of digital transformation, banks face new challenges, such as cyber security, increased competition and the need to adapt to changes in consumer behavior. At the same time, online banking opens up significant opportunities for expanding the range of banking services, increasing the availability of financial products and improving the customer experience. The article is devoted to the analysis of challenges and opportunities of online banking in Ukraine, including security risks, the development of digital financial services and the impact on user behavior. Special attention is paid to the main online services of Ukrainian banks, which help to ensure the reliability and efficiency of banking operations. The article emphasizes the need for further development of innovative banking products and implementation of advanced cyber security practices to ensure sustainable growth of the banking system.