УПРАВЛІННЯ ГОТЕЛЬНИМИ МЕРЕЖАМИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ В УКРАЇНІ

The article is an overview, the purpose of which is to assess the level of development of national and international hotel chains in Ukraine. The advantages and disadvantages of creating hotel chains were defined. As international practice shows, the integration of tourist businesses into hotel chains leads to a reduction in total costs, allowing subjects to increase their competitiveness and move intensively on international markets. This led to the conclusion about the relevance of following international experience in the process of creating national hotel chains by combining entities into a single corporation. As a result of studying the market, a rating of hotel brands was compiled, where a comparison between national and international hotel brands in terms of the number of accommodation facilities represented on the tourist market was made. It was revealed that in the Ukrainian hotel business market the most widely represented are such national chains as Reikartz (22 hotels), Premier Hotels (12 hotels), Royal Hotels (11 hotels). But international hotel chains are rare - Radisson Blu (3 hotels), Hotel IBIS (3 hotels), Ramada (2 hotels). A comparative analysis made it possible to determine that the national hotel chains are more widespread due to obvious advantages (adaptation to the local market, awareness in the country's legislative base, a better understanding of local traditions, consumer characteristics, adaptation and quick response to market changes - is the cultural component of the business). A comparative analysis of the pricing policy of the subjects of the international hotel chain and national brands showed an advantage in favor of the latter. These results allow to conclude that the hotel services sector is at the development stage, however, despite certain advantages over the international tourism business, it is actively entering the Ukrainian market and faces a number of problems, the most important of which is the lack of a unified business strategy. Further research will focus on studying successful examples of international tourism business with the aim of developing recommendations for creating a mechanism for the development of organizational and cultural resources as a tool of the competitiveness of international business.

The article presents the analysis of scientific research and determines some key guidelines of normative and legal regulation of our country’s hospitality industry at the current stage of its development. It was ascertained that the hospitality sector is a complex of industries whose main task is serving tourists during their stay outside their permanent place of residence. The hospitality sector, according to definitions by leading specialists in the field of tourism economics, includes the hotel and restaurant business, transport service enterprises, and the entertainment sector. The hotel sector in the structure of the hospitality industry performs key functions, as it offers consumers a range of services, in the formation and implementation of which all sectors and elements of the hospitality industry participate. Thus, it is appropriate to distinguish the hotel industry as the most complex component of the hospitality industry. The meaning of the concepts of «hotel business», «hotel industry» is associated with the economic activities of specialized enterprises that offer their own services on a commercial basis and provide traveling customers with the necessary conditions for accommodation and meals. In a competitive hospitality services market, the desire of enterprises to obtain the highest profit and the growing solvency of service consumers encourage hotel businesses to provide not only accommodation and meals, but necessitate the expansion of the scope of additional and related services. This enriches the meaning of the concept of «hotel business» and expands the scope of activity of hotel enterprises that provide services not only of their own production, but also of related industries. The development of the hotel industry requires the creation of certain favorable legal regulations. Taking into account international requirements for the quality of hotel services, numerous industry regulatory documents need to be updated. The Law of Ukraine «On Tourism» provides for licensing of tour operator activities (Article 17) and standardization in the field of tourism activities (Article 18). Therefore, in our opinion, licensing and certification procedures should play a key administrative role in state regulation, the use of which will contribute to improving the work of hotel industry enterprises, improving the quality of hotel services, and ensuring their comprehensiveness. The introduction of licensing in the hotel sector will contribute to the creation of new opportunities for business entities in the hotel and hospitality services market. An equally important function in the provision of hotel services is performed by certification, i.e. a specific method of confirming the compliance of the quality and form of provision of a complex of hotel services with current national standards. Problematic issues include the regulation of land ownership, especially for foreign investors. The lack of opportunities for land privatization and unfavorable terms for its lease for the construction of hotels, as well as the mechanism for the concession of historical and architectural buildings, does not attract foreign companies to the hotel business. Specific legal regulation is required for the development of small hotels capable of creating a unique flavor of national hospitality, and for the creation of corporate forms, traditional in the global hotel industry, like international hotel chains. One of the factors intensifying the development of the industry at the current stage should be considered the implementation of a real transformation of ownership relations, the corporatization of hotel enterprises. Privatization and corporatization will lead to an improvement in the quality of management at hotel industry enterprises, as well as the material and financial condition of the industry. Therefore, improving the legal framework for hotel industry enterprises should be considered an important prerequisite for their further development.

A competitividade do setor hoteleiro vem crescendo diariamente. Com o surgimento das práticas de Revenue Management, a maioria dos hotéis vem implantando essa ciência e utilizando suas técnicas para otimizar e aumentar sua receita. Este artigo objetivou analisar como é feita a operação de Revenue Management em três hotéis executivos da região central de Florianópolis (SC); verificando as semelhanças e diferenças entre um hotel independente, um pertencente a uma rede hoteleira nacional e outro de uma rede internacional. A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa aplicada e a lógica filosófica seguida foi o método dedutivo. Quanto aos objetivos, a pesquisa possuí o caráter exploratório e descritivo. A amostra foi definida de maneira não-probabilística por julgamento. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o assunto e uma entrevista semiestruturada de acordo com as teorias estudas. A análise dos dados foi feita de maneira qualitativa, por meio de análise de conteúdo. Pode-se destacar que as principais semelhanças encontradas entre os hotéis foram: formação acadêmica dos entrevistados, práticas para realizar a previsão da demanda, utilização de tarifas flutuantes, canais de distribuição e Online Travel Agencies (OTA’s) mais utilizadas. Já algumas diferenças expressivas foram: a quanto tempo os hotéis utilizam RM, quantidade de níveis nas grades tarifárias e o tempo de antecedência que é feita a estratégia das tarifas do próximo ano.

The modern period of development of tourist and hotel business is characterized by the further development of the processes of globalization and internationalization of markets. This article is devoted to the improvement of hotel personnel management processes in a cross-cultural environment. We consider cross-cultural relationships in the hospitality industry, an ethnocentric approach in the formation of a hotel chain culture, and cross-cultural aspects of personnel management that contribute to the formation of a corporate value system. The article discusses the problem of recruitment and effective management in a multicultural workforce. An analysis is made of the influence of national peculiarities of personnel from different countries on the formation of a corporate culture and, as a result, on the management style. The authors argue that the intersection of various national cultures in the conditions of the functioning of the international hotel chain leads to the formation of a new type of hotel personnel management. Based on the analysis of the problems existing in the hotel management of international hotel chains, a grouping of cross-cultural personnel competences was proposed using the reception and accommodation services as an example. Arguments are presented justifying the need to take into account the differences of each group in the work of the managers of the contact zone of the reception and accommodation services and in the process of serving the guest during their stay. Cross-cultural communication competences in the hotel industry are a new, higher level of personnel management. The expediency of applying effective methods of selection, continuous professional retraining and hotel personnel management that would take into account the cultural characteristics of employees, which is a key success factor for the organization of the hotel business, is argued. An algorithm for introducing cross-cultural competencies in hotel management through the use of educational management tools is given. The intercultural, interlingual competences used in hotel management represent the basis of a new approach to the high level of customer service of hotels. The authors come to the conclusion that this is one of the features and conditions for the safe existence of international chain companies of the hotel business.

Purpose: development of recommendations for the study of security-oriented disciplines by students of higher educational institutions. Methodology: Analysis and generalisation of research results regarding the need of higher education students to study security-oriented disciplines. Results: In the conditions of modern warfare, knowledge and understanding of security issues are of critical importance for students of technical specialties. It helps them to be aware of the threats and risks associated with armed conflict and make the right decisions to ensure personal and collective security, and provides the necessary knowledge and skills to effectively respond to emergencies and save lives. Therefore, in the article: information on the state of higher education in Ukraine until February 2022 has been studied and summarised; the need of students of higher technical education to study security-oriented disciplines during the war was investigated; an expert survey was conducted among students who are studying for the Master’s and Bachelor’s degrees of two higher technical educational institutions – the State Higher Educational Institution “Donetsk National Technical University” and Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture. It was established that about eighty percent of the respondents are in favour of mandatory study of security-oriented disciplines during martial law, as an opportunity to ensure their own safety and the safety of others, help others and be useful in war conditions. A new concept of civil security education in higher technical institutions under martial law from the point of view of studying individual disciplines is proposed, which consists of the following: improvement of training plans for higher education applicants. recommendations for students of technical higher education institutions to study the following disciplines (in order of priority): “Life safety”, “Occupational safety”, “Fire safety”, “Civil protection”, “Environmental safety”, “Psychology of hazards”. Mandatory courses for students on pre-medical care, psychological help for themselves and others, military training should be introduced. Scientific innovation: a scientific approach has been developed to clarify the new concept of civil security education in higher technical institutions under martial law. Practical significance: the results of the work can be used in the preparation of educational plans for applicants of higher technical educational institutions.

Okura Nikko Hotels is a Japanese hotel chain, the development of which began with seven hotels and the rapid coverage of the international market of hotel services, becoming a player in the hospitality industry in America, Europe and Asia with the predominant development of hotel services in Japan. Its activities are aimed at rapid development and high quality of service, contributing to economic stability and sustainable development in the hotel services market around the world. The article also presents an analysis of the development of the Prince Hotels and Resorts hotel chain, the main stages of the growth of the hotel chain, its geographical location, as well as the main features of sustainable development.

Purpose: The article is devoted to the formation of innovative technologies at enterprises of the hospitality industry. It is substantiated that innovative technologies will allow hoteliers and restaurateurs to a chieve certain advantages over competitors; innovation is a source of long-term economic growth, because those enterprises that constantly apply innovative approaches will always work successfully and obtain high results from their production and economic activities. The objective of the article is to generalize and systematize the formation of the main components of the innovative development of enterprises in the hospitality industry and their significance and use at the modern stage of management. Design / Methodology / Approach: To achieve the aim of the study, the following scientific methods were used: historiographical, comparative, analysis and synthesis methods. Findings: We are living in the most exciting time in human history. Technology is developing exponentially, not linearly as it used to be, and the use of modern technologies and innovations has become an integral part of the survival of businesses in a pandemic and martial law. Modern technologies allow maintaining a high level of service, expanding the range of services, improving the management system, strengthening control over the work of staff, and ensuring a high level of security for guests. Therefore, their study is an urgent task today. Today’s realities of life dictate working conditions for all enterprises of various forms of ownership. Businesses in the hospitality industry are the most vulnerable to these changes. Therefore, hotels and restaurants must focus on their audience, and their owners must do everything possible to expand the number of consumers and protect their business from risks and losses. An important condition for their implementation should be the ability of entrepreneurs to adapt to the new conditions that have developed at this stage of business and to be able to timely and effectively implement various types of innovations (technological, production, logistic, economic, social, informational), skilfully connect them in management activities. For many enterprises, the inability of managers to understand the need and achieve innovative renewal remains a problem, as there is a mis understanding of the role of information as a basic resource of enterprise management. Because innovative technologies today, more than ever before, are becoming a valuable resource for hotel and restaurant businesses. Originality / Value: It is proved that innovation is an integral element in the development of hospitality industry enterprises. Practical Meaning: A number of features of innovative activity in the hospitality industry are highlighted. Further Research: Development of methodological support for the analysing the effectiveness of innovations at enterprises of the hospitality industry.

The aim of the article is to analyze the tendencies in the development of the hospitality industry in Ukraine. The material base intended for accommodating tourists affects the level of tourist service, forms demand, and stimulates the functions and development of the country's tourist market; therefore it occupies one of the first places in the development of tourist infrastructure. In 2020, there were 4523 hotels and other collective accommodation establishments in Ukraine, with a total number of 37497 and an average of 52 rooms. In the present stage of development, Ukraine's hospitality industry faces a number of specific problems that interfere with compliance to European standards of quality service in hotel enterprises. Very few of them are international-class hotels. There are only 197 hotels, which of the total number, have a confirmed hotel classification rating by stars (five stars – 36; four stars – 71; three stars – 59; two stars –15; one star – 16 hotels). The volume of investment in upgrades and construction of new establishments of collective accommodation of tourists is low. Likewise, low is the level of competition in the hotel market, no corporate standards, and poor quality management of services in collective accommodation for tourists. A problem is also a small number of qualified specialists in the service sector and management of hotel enterprises. On one hand, technological backwardness of the industry; the high level of the tax pressure; the imperfection of the legal framework and its inconsistency in context of modern requirements; low solvency - also obstruct tourism development of the country and the hotel industry in particular. On the other hand, the creation of international hotel and restaurant chains, the increase in number of small hotel-type enterprises, and the introduction of computer technologies in hotel facilities, the appearance of specialized enterprises with a reduced set of offered services are also generally considered to be positive tendencies in development. Keywords: tourism, hospitality industry, hotel industry, hotel business, collective accommodation.

Relevance. Problem statement. European integration implies the development of international tourism flows, which will ensure an increase in demand for hotel and restaurant services. This can contribute to the development of infrastructure, improving the level of service, and creating new job opportunities. Furthermore, in the process of European integration, the standards of the hotel and restaurant business in Ukraine require adaptation to the requirements of European norms and standards. This includes the implementation of appropriate standards for food safety and quality, hygiene, energy efficiency, and more. Additionally, European integration involves free movement of capital and openness to foreign investment, which can help attract investment in the hotel and restaurant business and increase its competitiveness. Therefore, it can be argued that the topic of the hotel and restaurant business is highly relevant in the process of European integration, as this sector is an important factor in the development of tourism and the economy as a whole. Introduction to the EU provides Ukrainian hotels and restaurants with the opportunity to attract new customers from EU countries. The increase in tourist flow can lead to a growing demand for hotel and restaurant services. European standards in the hospitality industry are higher than in some other countries. Ukrainian hotels and restaurants must meet these standards to be competitive on an international level. This requires improvements in service, food quality, safety, and infrastructure. With the increase of foreign investments in the hotel and restaurant industry in Ukraine, new competitors emerge. This stimulates Ukrainian businesses in this sector to constantly enhance their services and embrace innovative solutions. ECO N O MI CS AN D M ANA G EM EN T H OSP I TAL I TY ENTERPRISES Issue I (89), 2023 69 Research objective. The objective of the study is to determine the conceptual foundations of the hotel and restaurant business. Methodology. The tasks outlined in the article were accomplished using general scientific research methods, namely analysis, systematization, and generalization. The research is based on logical-dialectical methods of scientific cognition, methods of systemic analysis, as well as specific methods, including methods of analysis and synthesis. Results. The article explores the hotel and restaurant business in Ukraine, highlighting that it is developing at a slow pace despite aiming to align with European trends. The positive and negative consequences of the integration aspect of the hotel and restaurant business are addressed. The aspects that may be crucial for the hotel and restaurant business after EU accession are examined. Practical significance. Solutions to the issues of sluggish development in the hotel and restaurant business are proposed. It is substantiated that the development of the hotel and restaurant business in Ukraine is essential for Eurointegration and ensuring sustainable economic growth in the country. The article provides suggestions and ideas for the development of the hotel and restaurant business in Ukraine. Prospects for further research. Further research envisages the utilization of all reserves to enhance the quality of service and competitiveness of hotel and restaurant complexes in Ukraine by implementing positive foreign experience in the development of hospitality enterprises.

Introduction. At the current stage of the Ukrainian economy's and sociopolitical state's growth, the society faces a variety of social difficulties, one of which is unemployment. Because Ukraine's current stage of historical development is marked by worldwide transformative changes that influence social well-being, this promotes domestic changes in the processes of social policy implementation. It is important to note that the current situation of the state's economy might be perceived as unstable, as a result of a variety of objective and subjective issues. The labor market and the level of national employment underwent significant deformation during the martial law period, owing to the temporary occupation of settlements and their economic potential, mass internal and external migration of the workforce, and general economic reformation. In response to these circumstances, governmental institutions of social policy are adjusting their methods in order to adapt and execute efficient social protection. Ukraine's State Employment Service is authorized to carry out state social policy in the labor market and employment regulation. As employment management is intricately intertwined with practically all elements of human existence, including society, economy, politics, culture, and spirituality, the subject of successful employment service activity in current settings emerges. In recent years, the sphere of employment regulation has been regularly redesigned in response to internal and external elements of influence, such as the Covid-19 epidemic in earlier years, and at current stage, active military operations and martial law throughout Ukraine's territory. Thus, by evaluating the real difficulties of employment under martial law, the major paths for strengthening social policy in this sector in general, and the activities of the Employment Service of Ukraine as one of its tools, may be formed. The purpose of the article is to identify problematic aspects of social policy in the field of employment of the population in the conditions of martial law and to form potential ways of solving and amortizing them. The methodological basis of this article is the employment theory of John Maynard Keynes, which is based on the assertion of the need for active state intervention in the macroeconomic functioning of the market economy in crisis conditions. The results. It has been proved that under the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, there has been a rise in the overall level of employment as well as an escalation of a number of negative factors impacting the labor market. According to Maynard K.'s theory, demonstrates the necessity for governmental management of macroeconomic processes in the state, particularly during martial law. It is worth mentioning that the state is the de jure guarantee of maintaining effective employment in both peacetime and wartime situations, and that the state cannot properly control the labor market under crisis conditions. We developed theses on the primary approaches of amortization and implementation of these features to improve the level of employment in Ukraine under martial law based on the list of recognized challenges in the sphere of employment.

Quarantine restrictions, which were actively introduced around the world in early 2020, affected absolutely all areas of economic life. Particularly critical was the impact on the hotel and restaurant business. This is confirmed by existing research, which shows that almost a third of business owners have lost 90 to 100% of their income. And this is only at the beginning of quarantine. The same entrepreneurs fired about half of their employees. In addition, a small proportion of full-service restaurants tried to continue operating at a small capacity. This was possible through the use of government procurement or the organization of takeaway activities, to provide the minimum necessary stock of cash to resume operations in the future. The rest were forced to close. Similar trends were observed in the hotel business, but in the case of hotels, the situation was even more critical. Therefore, the need to monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hotel and restaurant business, as a basis for the formation of measures to restore this area of the economy in the future determine the relevance of our study. The scientific article examines the impact of quarantine restrictions on the hotel and restaurant business through the prism of analyzing the degree of decline in income, the percentage of job cuts, the number of employees granted leave at their own expense, and the share of laid off workers. In addition, the distribution of the areas most affected by quarantine is considered in terms of determining the percentage of victims who were not affected by quarantine, as well as those who benefited from quarantine restrictions. The dynamics of changes in the number of operating restaurants is studied. The reasons for the formation of a disappointing situation in the hotel and restaurant industry are analyzed. Have been developed measures for business owners to ensure the successful operation hotels and restaurants in the quarantin conditions, as well as proposed steps to be taken at the state level to support the hotel and restaurant business.

В данной статье рассматривается развитие гостиничного бизнеса в России в условиях конкуренции с международными гостиничными сетями. Гостиничный бизнес занимает важное место не только в экономике России, но и других стран. За последние десятилетия этот бизнес динамично развивался и являлся прибыльным видом экономической деятельности. Акцент в статье делается на современном состоянии отечественных и зарубежных гостиничных сетей на территории России, определены проблемные моменты развития и функционирования гостиниц. This article examines the development of the hotel business in Russia in the context of competition with international hotel chains. The hotel business occupies an important place not only in the economy of Russia, but also in other countries. Over the past decades, this business has developed dynamically and has been a profitable economic activity. The article focuses on the current state of domestic and foreign hotel chains in Russia, identifies the problematic aspects of the development and functioning of hotels.

The proliferation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) coupled with sophisticated network protocols have unveiled new avenues for enterprises and organizations and the hospitality industries cannot be left out. Technology-based systems stand in a pivotal position to offer better service to the populace. Hospitality industries such as hotels can take advantage of the pervasiveness of ICT vis-à-vis technology-based systems to advance some of their operations. This paper seeks to assess the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in a front office operation of chain hotels in Ghana. The paper determines the extent of the use of information technology in a front office operation of chain hotels in Ghana. The paper continues to assess the effect of the use of information technology in the front office operation of chain hotels in Ghana, thus if the use of ICT has any effect on chain hotels’ front office operations. The paper further makes recommendations to chain hotel operators and the Ghana Tourist Authority (GTA) and policy makers on the use of information and communications technology in front office operation in chain hotels. Three chain hotels in Ghana were assessed.

The article focuses on analyzing the specific features of business communication in the hotel and restaurant industry, particularly within the context of Ukraine during martial law. It identifies the key factors that influence effective communication in this sector, such as cultural awareness, clear messaging, emotional intelligence, and the utilization of digital communication tools. The article further explores how the current socio-economic and crisis conditions, including supply chain disruptions, financial instability, and shifts in customer behavior, impact business relations in the hotel and restaurant sector. In response to these challenges, the study provides a set of recommendations for improving communication strategies. These include prioritizing transparency, implementing crisis communication plans, strengthening digital communication channels, focusing on empathy, and adapting service offerings based on customer needs. The recommendations are aimed at enhancing service quality, customer satisfaction, and business stability during periods of uncertainty and conflict. The article concludes that implementing these strategies can significantly improve trust, customer satisfaction, and adaptability in the hotel and restaurant industry. Additionally, fostering stronger community ties, improving team coordination, and maintaining flexibility in operations are crucial for business resilience in times of conflict. Ultimately, the proposed communication strategies are essential for the long-term success and stability of businesses in the sector during wartime.

The article examines the sphere of recreation as a strategic direction in the management of international tourism and hotel and restaurant business, which is becoming particularly relevant in the context of globalization and the constant growth of demand for quality recreation services. The authors note that recreational services perform a multifunctional role: they not only increase the level of comfort and customer satisfaction, but also shape the competitiveness of tourism and hotel and restaurant enterprises in the global market. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of modern trends in the development of the recreational sector, including the integration of innovative technologies, digitalization, personalization of services, and the growth of interest in ecological and wellness tourism. It has been determined that effective management of recreational processes contributes to increasing customer loyalty, improving the image of institutions, increasing revenues, and ensuring sustainable development of territories. Special attention is paid to the prospects for the development of recreational services in Ukraine. The author proves that under the conditions of proper management, the use of innovative technologies, international quality standards and the preservation of natural and cultural potential, Ukraine can occupy a significant place in the international tourism market. he development of the recreational sphere is defined not only as an economic necessity, but also as a socio-cultural factor that contributes to the harmonization of social life, the preservation of cultural heritage, and the popularization of a healthy lifestyle. Thus, the study emphasizes the importance of recreation as a strategic direction in the management of international tourism and hotel and restaurant business, combining economic, social and cultural dimensions, opening up new opportunities for increasing competitiveness and sustainable development.