ОЦІНЮВАННЯ АНТИКРИЗОВОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ТА ПРАКТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ

The article is devoted to the deepening of the theoretical foundations of the modernization of the production activity of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty and the development of practical recommendations on the use of the situation of instability for the development of furniture production enterprises. During the research, the methods of comparative analysis, classification, tabular and graphic methods, forecasting methods were used. Scientific and educational literature, electronic sources, and data from the ClarityProject analytical platform served as the research information base. The work reveals the essence of uncertainty as the main factor in the lack of information. It was established that uncertainty is a set of factors that synergistically create conditions in which it is impossible to accurately predict the development of actions and likely consequences for enterprises. However, it is the uncertainty that can serve as a springboard for companies to obtain positive effects. In particular, management decisions regarding production modernization can help them maintain competitiveness and prevent bankruptcy under conditions of uncertainty. The theoretical aspects of the concept of "modernization" were also deepened. Definitions of various authors regarding modernization are systematized and a general approach to production modernization is defined. The positive impact of uncertainty on the activity of industrial enterprises in the furniture industry has been established. Approbation of the conducted theoretical studies in the field of modernization of production in conditions of external uncertainty was carried out at the domestic enterprise of the furniture industry. The uniqueness of the business idea is associated with the absence of similar projects, which can become an undeniable advantage in the furniture market. The development of a developed type of product can be useful in the post-war period, as the proposed product becomes more and more desirable among consumers. The calculations of planned indicators of economic efficiency for the project proved its feasibility and positive impact on the further development of the company in conditions of external uncertainty.

Introduction. The strengthening of the impact on the socio-economic system of processes in Ukraine is related to globalization and contributed to the activation of scientific research in the field of management of the adaptation process at domestic enterprises in the conditions of the variability of the external environment. The high level of dynamism and uncertainty of the external environment in the modern conditions of globalization, the imperfection of management methods, in particular in the adoption of justified management decisions in a short period of time, leads to negative trends that can be traced in the key performance indicators of domestic enterprises. Adaptation is the tool that can ensure the balance of the internal state of the business entity to the changing requirements of the external environment, which requires the improvement of the existing mechanism in enterprise management at all levels of hierarchies and the implementation of individual elements of adaptive management. The conducted studies prove not only the importance, but also the necessity of organizing the management of adaptation processes at industrial enterprises in the field of mechanical engineering on a permanent basis. The relevance of this topic is determined by the strengthening of the impact on the socio-economic system of Ukraine in the processes related to globalization, which contributes to the activation of scientific research in the field of management of the adaptation process at domestic enterprises in the conditions of the variability of the external environment, and necessitates a clear justification of the conceptual provisions regarding the management of the adaptation processes at industrial enterprises in modern conditions. The purpose of the research is to consider and analyze the processes of adaptation of economic systems and to highlight conceptual provisions for managing the processes of adaptation at industrial enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. Key words: adaptation, conceptual provisions, enterprise management, adaptation processes.

A generalization of the evolution of management theories and practical implementation of management leads to the conclusion that in the modern environment, the accepted approaches to management have ceased to work. In the current conditions, classical management can no longer be effective. The situation of the functioning of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty and crisis, in the context of the consequences of a pandemic and military operations in our country, requires a reorientation of management on an anti-crisis basis. The authors studied the main trends in the development of the world economy in the 21st century, the features of the development of modern management in Ukraine, and determined the requirements for modern managers. An analysis of global experience in overcoming crisis conditions has led to the conclusion that the solution to complex issues of our time, including economic ones, lies in the formation of a new level of consciousness of managers at all levels. In this regard, a modern approach to management is proposed based on the use of a new type of management (Ukrainian management) as an alternative that will overcome the consequences of recent years and exit the crisis state onto a sustainable development trajectory. The paradigm of a new type of management as an innovative management system is focused on creative transformations of human and society towards the vector of humanistic evolutionary development. The innovative essence is that a manager at any level must learn to use the possibilities of his consciousness hidden until today and use in his work thoughts and ideas of higher orders of magnitude than thoughts and ideas from the usual point of view of a materialistic worldview. Such transformations will lead to an effective solution to immediate problems and tasks, ranging from the personal issues of an ordinary member of the team and society to planetary problems.

The economic results of each company are formed as a result of the impact of both macroeconomic fluctuations and microeconomic factors. Ensuring stable and harmonious economic growth of the RA economy, coping with crisis phenomena and the normal operation of companies requires the development and implementation of anti-crisis management. In the conditions of current uncertainty, instability, which in many cases is accompanied by the development of the crisis, anti-crisis management mechanisms receive special attention. Challenges and crises, being widespread, arise in any system and sector of society. Researchers and practitioners use anti- crisis management measures and methods to solve and overcome its negative phenomena. The problem of anti-crisis management in companies stems from the nature of the economic reforms implemented in RA. Doing business is always associated with the uncertainty of the economic situation. Overcoming crisis phenomena with anti-crisis management methods and tools is one of the contributing factors to improving the state of the main branches of RA industry. It is a complex problem that requires systematic methodical development. In the presented work, the role of anti-crisis management in the real sector was studied, to identify the modern features of the formation and development of the bankruptcy institute of the Republic of Armenia and the reasons for the low efficiency of rehabilitation procedures, to present the stages of anti-crisis management. In the conditions of a deep systemic crisis, the economy of the country will have a significant impact on the deterioration of the financial condition of the companies and the industry. In order to stabilize the socioeconomic situation of companies, to weaken financial dependence, to increase the efficiency of operations, to maximize the value of the company, in some cases, to avoid losses and bankruptcy, financial planning is important. In this context, a systematic anti-crisis management program of the company is necessary, which I think is very necessary in the companies of the leading branches of the RA industry.

Importance. The practice of recent years clearly demonstrates the tendency of the population to decline in confidence in the activities of the authorities. The further development of this process is unacceptable, since in such a case the work of all state structures becomes ineffective even if it is absolutely expedient and justified. The reasons for public distrust of the authorities can be divided into three groups: communicative, organizational and cultural-historical problems. Communicative problems arise due to violations or disregard for the requirements of communication theory. Organizational difficulties in the vast majority of cases are associated with the low qualification of specialists responsible for interacting with society (usually PR specialists or public relations specialists). Cultural and historical problems are due to the dominance in our society of an established model of behavior of citizens, which stably reproduces the situation of opposition to the authorities. In our opinion, the most significant group - communication problems - requires priority attention. Perpose. Communication problems arise from the misplaced positioning of power structures, that is, from the inability to clearly and arguably explain the significance and appropriateness of planned or already implemented measures. Accordingly, it is necessary to identify/develop, in a short time, technologies, methods and tools to eliminate communication barriers, and in some cases communication failures, public-governmental interactions. Research methodology. To achieve the goal, the author's approach was applied, which is based on the principles of systematics, flexibility, mobility and adequacy (they served as the basis for the need to develop an integrated image). The theoretical base is the works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of public relations management [11,12,14,15,16,17,18,19]. Methods for the study of soft systems are used: theoretical typology, formal extrapolation, factographic methods based on information analysis (analogy method, content analysis), forsyth modeling (technology for working with images of the future. Results. In order to increase the rating of public confidence in the activities of state structures based on the study, systematization and analysis of the causes and consequences of communicative failures and barriers to effective interaction between these switches, an approach based on the principles proposed by the author (systematics, adequacy, flexibility, mobility) and the use of such a social management tool as image is proposed. An option of developing a comprehensive image of the state structure, including a corporate and personal image, has been proposed and justified. Its development technology is recommended, providing an integrated approach to solving the problem of effective interaction using modern public relations management tools.

Purpose. The purpose of the study was to analyze the mechanisms of anti-crisis management of the activities of enterprises in the conditions of international economic activity. The formation of mechanisms for anti-crisis management of enterprise activities was studied, in particular, the development of event development scenarios and action plans in case of their implementation, early warning systems, cost optimization, production efficiency improvement, personnel training for work in crisis situations. Design/methodology/approach. The definition of the concept of "anti-crisis management" is considered, as well as the goals and main tasks of anti-crisis management are highlighted. Classification of the factors of activation of anti-crisis management at the macro, meso and micro levels has been carried out. The international experience of anti-crisis management of enterprises is considered. The following research methods are used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, analogy, comparison, systematization. Findings.The international economic features of the formation and development of anti-crisis management of enterprise activities are analyzed. The use of artificial intelligence for proactive risk management with the aim of improving anti-crisis management, in particular in forecasting large databases, forecasting trends, identifying risks, creating scenarios and automating routine tasks, is considered. It was concluded that the formation and development of effective anti-crisis management mechanisms is one of the most important tasks for any enterprise, and, taking into account international economic features, enterprises must constantly adapt their strategies and tools to ensure sustainable development in conditions of uncertainty. Practical implications. In anti-crisis management, the use of AI allows to achieve the following results: improved forecasting – AI allows more accurate forecasting of risks and opportunities, which helps companies respond to market changes in a timely manner; optimization of resources – AI helps to optimize the use of resources, such as finances, personnel and materials, which allows to reduce costs and increase efficiency; increasing the speed of decision-making – AI allows you to quickly process large volumes of data and make informed decisions; improving the quality of customer service – AI allows personalizing interaction with customers, which increases their loyalty; increased competitiveness – companies that use AI can adapt more quickly to market changes and remain competitive. Originality/value. Modern trends in the field of anti-crisis management of enterprises include: proactive risk management (instead of reacting to crises that have already occurred, enterprises switch to proactive risk management, predicting them and taking measures to minimize them); use of technologies (artificial intelligence, machine learning and other technologies allow analyzing large volumes of data, identifying potential threats and making more informed decisions); cooperation with external experts (engagement of consultants and other specialists helps enterprises gain additional knowledge and experience in the field of anti-crisis management).

The article presents the results of a study of the state, problems and possible ways to improve the investment climate in Ukraine in the new extreme conditions of doing business. Improving and stabilizing the investment climate in Ukraine during martial law is necessary to ensure economic development, attract international resources, rebuild infrastructure, strengthen the international image and protect national business. The purpose of the article is to study the state and problems of the formation of the country's investment climate in conditions of full-scale military operations, analysis of the main factors affecting the level of investment attractiveness of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty, study of the main ways and directions of improvement of the investment climate in Ukraine.As a result of the research, it was established that the investment climate should be defined as a set of political, economic, legal, social-cultural, scientific-technological, demographic, infrastructural and natural-geographical factors that form the degree of investment attractiveness and determine the level of investment risk. A model of the formation of the investment climate in Ukraine was built, taking into account the main factors of the internal and external environment of enterprises and organizations under martial law. The main threats and changes in the macro-environment of the country under the influence of the war are structured. It was found that there was not a single field of activity of economic entities that was not affected by the war. One of the main ways to improve the investment climate in Ukraine today is the insurance of military and political risks, which is an extremely important aspect for protecting capital investments and ensuring business development. It is the stabilization of the investment climate that will prevent the outflow of capital abroad and preserve resources for further development. In addition to large-scale infrastructure reconstruction projects, investments can be aimed at supporting small and medium-sized businesses, which are an important source of innovation and jobs.

The article examines the peculiarities of ensuring the financial security of utility enterprises in conditions of uncertainty, military operations and the instability of economic and social processes. It was determined that both external and internal factors influence the formation of the financial security of the enterprise. The main meaningful accents of the financial security of utility enterprises are highlighted, taking into account their organizational and functional features. The influence of the external environment and the balance of interests are particularly relevant for utility companies as determining components of financial security, since for most of them the revenue base is formed by external stakeholders and capital investments are financed. An assessment of the financial security of utility enterprises was carried out based on the indicators of the financial condition on the example of utility enterprises of water supply and drainage. The main financial threat to utility enterprises is the lack of financial resources for functioning, which will make it impossible to provide the necessary services to the residents of the community. Such enterprises cover losses from the local budget, that is, community residents pay for services twice: directly as part of the tariff and indirectly by paying taxes to the local budget. At the same time, a restraining tariff policy and additional financing from the budget is an objective necessity, therefore ensuring the financial security of utility companies must be closely related to permanent financial planning, monitoring, auditing of financial policy and the efficiency of spending financial resources to balance the interests of utility companies enterprises and the local community. Utility companies, on the one hand, cannot independently conduct pricing policy, determine types of activities and areas of service provision; on the other hand, they are under the constant financial care of local authorities. Taking into account the financing features of such enterprises, their capital structure and liquidity level do not carry high financial risks. And the danger is the level of wear and tear of fixed assets, unprofitability and the impossibility of self-financing, which makes such utility companies dependent on budget allocations. It was determined that in order to increase their financial security, a system of measures should be developed together with state and local self-government bodies for a complete restructuring of the economic and financial mechanism of their functioning.

The article examines adaptive business strategies as a key tool for increasing the competitiveness of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty and global transformations. The need to form a comprehensive system of strategic directions that ensure the competitiveness of enterprises in the long term is substantiated. The study focuses on the matter that traditional management models are gradually losing their efficiency in the modern environment, where digitalization, innovation and flexibility of managerial decisions are key factors of development. The methodological basis of the study is based on a systemic approach that combines theoretical analysis, comparative research, economic and statistical methods and modeling of development scenarios. This allowed us to identify a set of strategic directions of the adaptive strategy, including operational and production, innovation, information and digital, personnel and integration. The results of the study show that the comprehensive implementation of these areas allows small and medium-sized businesses to increase adaptability and flexibility, ensure readiness for changes in the external and internal environment, strengthen competitive positions and achieve sustainable development. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using the proposed model to develop efficient managerial decisions that will contribute to the growth of financial results, improving the quality of products and services. The comprehensive implementation of the identified strategic areas creates conditions for the formation of high flexibility and adaptability of small and medium-sized businesses, their readiness for changes in the external and internal environment. This contributes to increasing the efficiency of operational and financial and economic activities, improving the quality of products and services, and also ensures the growth of financial results. In the long term, such an approach allows enterprises not only to function stably, but also to develop, strengthening their competitive positions in both national and international markets.

Modeling of financial, socioeconomic and integration indicators of fishing enterprises in conditions of uncertainty and constant transformation requires the development of an economic and mathematical model for studying the emergent state, which would be based on a set of main factors of influence of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the dynamics of functioning. To create an expert modeling system for multi factorial analysis of the processes of functioning and management decisions of industrial enterprises, a mathematical apparatus based on the theory of fuzzy logic and a linguistic variable was used. This economic and mathematical method is a computer of mathematical algorithms, models and formalized methods and is based on the stagnation of expert linguistic information for predicting indicators of development or decline in order to form the basic mechanism for detecting latent properties of an emergent state. To develop an economic and mathematical model expert assessments and the results of analytical and experimental scientific studies of a qualitative and quantitative nature are used. Fuzzy logic modeling allows you to combine quantitative and qualitative factors and allows you to identify latent signals of emergent properties and determine the level of emergent state of industrial enterprises

The article is devoted to the modeling of cash flow businesses in the face of uncertainty. The possibility of forecasting cash flows on the basis of the developed simulation model is presented. The model is constructed using the method of system dynamics on the platform Ithink. Engaging methodology justified playback studied processes dynamics simulation of the influence of the many deterministic and stochastic factors internal and external company Wednesday, as well as ensuring the necessary degree of aggregation. Model illustrated fragments of simulations on the materials of the light industry. Demonstrated ability of parametric settings experiments identified areas for further improvement of model-Simulator

The efficiency and effectiveness of an enterprise largely depends on personnel management, which in modern conditions plays a key role in ensuring the competitiveness of organizations. The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of personnel management in the context of modern challenges, in particular martial law, mobilization, mass migration of the population, shortage of qualified personnel and high levels of stress among employees. The evolution of personnel management and its role in ensuring the stability of enterprises are considered, the main problems are highlighted, such as labor market imbalance, reduction in the number of labor resources, insufficient level of personnel qualifications, psychological state of employees and difficulties in implementing new approaches due to regulatory restrictions. The paper proposes a strategic approach to personnel management, which includes innovative, adaptive, social, strategic components. It is noted that the implementation of such an approach will contribute to the formation of a flexible and effective personnel management system capable of adapting to a rapidly changing environment. Modern problems of personnel management organization are systematized and ways of their solution are proposed, ensuring stability and development of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. Attention is focused on the fact that solving these problems requires the introduction of systemic measures (at the state, regional, local levels). Particular attention was paid to the need to develop professional training programs, psychological support of employees, personnel motivation, and the introduction of digital technologies in the field of personnel management. It is proved that the practical implementation of the proposed approach will contribute to the formation of a flexible and effective system of personnel support of enterprises, increasing their adaptive capabilities to changes in the external environment. The influence of martial law on the personnel resources of enterprises is analyzed, the need to implement programs for psychological support of employees and a strategy for retaining key personnel is highlighted. The importance of integrating the principles of corporate social responsibility into the practice of personnel management in order to strengthen the trust of employees and support the corporate spirit in crisis situations is considered.

В статье анализируются проблемы инвестиционной политики предприятий в условиях неопределенности. Выявляются экономические преимущества проектов с применением государственно-частного партнерства. Рассмотрены источники привлечения инвестиционных ресурсов в сформировавшиеся социально-экономические реалии для развития промышленного потенциала государства. Анализ данных, связанных с привлечением инвестиций в сферу промышленного производства по разным направлениям, свидетельствует о повышении конкурентоспособного потенциала отечественной промышленности. Предложены мероприятия, связанные со стабилизацией финансового состояния промышленных предприятий и повышения их устойчивости на рыночном пространстве. Сформулированы направления по устранению проблем, связанных с привлечением инвестиций в хозяйственный оборот промышленности и бизнеса. The article analyzes the problems of investment policy of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. The economic advantages of projects with the use of public-private partnership are revealed. The sources of attracting investment resources to the formed socio-economic realities for the development of the industrial potential of the state are considered. The analysis of data related to attracting investments in the sphere of industrial production in various directions indicates an increase in the competitive potential of domestic industry. The measures related to the stabilization of the financial condition of industrial enterprises and increasing their stability in the market space are proposed. The directions for the elimination of problems related to attracting investments in the economic turnover of industry and business are formulated.

Financial Security Management of Enterprises in Conditions of Uncertainty

Implementation of foreign economic activity in a volatile economic environment, influence of uncertainty on the results and the effectiveness of foreign economic operations cause the need for accounting reflection of the consequences of risks of foreign economic activity. On the basis of studying the approaches of different authors and scholars to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of «risk of foreign economic activity», the economic content of this concept is determined and an author’s own definition is proposed. According to the results of the study of existing classification features and types of risks of foreign economic activity, the need to expand and improve them is substantiated. A classification of risks of foreign economic activity for accounting needs, taking into account the peculiarities of the formation of an institutional environment and the specifics of implementation of foreign economic operations, is scientifically substantiated and presented. It is proved that the use of the proposed classification of risks of foreign economic activity will ensure the formation of a comprehensive system of accumulation of information on the probability of occurrence and source of formation of risks of foreign economic activity of trade enterprises, their impact on accounting objects, indicators of financial statements and results of the operation of the enterprise. If the consequences of the risks of foreign economic activity, along with the measures aimed at minimization of them, can be reflected promptly and correctly, it is possible to ensure that the optimal financial results of trading enterprises in conditions of uncertainty can be achieved.