MANAGEMENT IN THE XXI CENTURY

The subject of a research in the article are methodical approaches to assessing the anti-crisis potential of the enterprise. The purpose of the work is to investigate the existing theoretical approaches to the assessment of anti-crisis potential, to improve and adapt them to practical application in machine-building enterprises. The article solves the following tasks: critically examine the work of foreign and domestic scientists on assessing the potential of the enterprise in terms of resource and performance approaches, form a common basis and identify priority methods and relevant criteria for assessing anti-crisis potential by structural elements; based on the results of research to form an author's approach to assessing the anti-crisis potential and perform it`s practical adaptation in machine-building enterprises. The theoretical and methodological basis of this study is the scientific work of domestic and foreign scientists on assessing the potential of the enterprise in stable conditions and in conditions of uncertainty - anti-crisis potential. The research used a set of scientific methods and approaches: system, structural and functional, analysis and synthesis, comparison. The following results are obtained: the existing theoretical approaches to assessing the potential of the enterprise in stable and crisis conditions are investigated. It is determined that the approaches to assessing the potential of enterprises in stable conditions and in crisis conditions can be identical in methods, structure of indicators, but different in characteristics and response of the management system to the calculated values. The author's approach to the assessment of anti-crisis potential of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty is developed and practical adaptation at a specific industrial enterprise is performed. The direction of further research is determined, which consists in the development of the mechanism of formation and transformation of the components of the anti-crisis potential of the enterprise depending on the type, stage of crisis development and its demand in anti-crisis management.

The article is devoted to the deepening of the theoretical foundations of the modernization of the production activity of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty and the development of practical recommendations on the use of the situation of instability for the development of furniture production enterprises. During the research, the methods of comparative analysis, classification, tabular and graphic methods, forecasting methods were used. Scientific and educational literature, electronic sources, and data from the ClarityProject analytical platform served as the research information base. The work reveals the essence of uncertainty as the main factor in the lack of information. It was established that uncertainty is a set of factors that synergistically create conditions in which it is impossible to accurately predict the development of actions and likely consequences for enterprises. However, it is the uncertainty that can serve as a springboard for companies to obtain positive effects. In particular, management decisions regarding production modernization can help them maintain competitiveness and prevent bankruptcy under conditions of uncertainty. The theoretical aspects of the concept of "modernization" were also deepened. Definitions of various authors regarding modernization are systematized and a general approach to production modernization is defined. The positive impact of uncertainty on the activity of industrial enterprises in the furniture industry has been established. Approbation of the conducted theoretical studies in the field of modernization of production in conditions of external uncertainty was carried out at the domestic enterprise of the furniture industry. The uniqueness of the business idea is associated with the absence of similar projects, which can become an undeniable advantage in the furniture market. The development of a developed type of product can be useful in the post-war period, as the proposed product becomes more and more desirable among consumers. The calculations of planned indicators of economic efficiency for the project proved its feasibility and positive impact on the further development of the company in conditions of external uncertainty.

Introduction. The strengthening of the impact on the socio-economic system of processes in Ukraine is related to globalization and contributed to the activation of scientific research in the field of management of the adaptation process at domestic enterprises in the conditions of the variability of the external environment. The high level of dynamism and uncertainty of the external environment in the modern conditions of globalization, the imperfection of management methods, in particular in the adoption of justified management decisions in a short period of time, leads to negative trends that can be traced in the key performance indicators of domestic enterprises. Adaptation is the tool that can ensure the balance of the internal state of the business entity to the changing requirements of the external environment, which requires the improvement of the existing mechanism in enterprise management at all levels of hierarchies and the implementation of individual elements of adaptive management. The conducted studies prove not only the importance, but also the necessity of organizing the management of adaptation processes at industrial enterprises in the field of mechanical engineering on a permanent basis. The relevance of this topic is determined by the strengthening of the impact on the socio-economic system of Ukraine in the processes related to globalization, which contributes to the activation of scientific research in the field of management of the adaptation process at domestic enterprises in the conditions of the variability of the external environment, and necessitates a clear justification of the conceptual provisions regarding the management of the adaptation processes at industrial enterprises in modern conditions. The purpose of the research is to consider and analyze the processes of adaptation of economic systems and to highlight conceptual provisions for managing the processes of adaptation at industrial enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. Key words: adaptation, conceptual provisions, enterprise management, adaptation processes.

The article examines adaptive business strategies as a key tool for increasing the competitiveness of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty and global transformations. The need to form a comprehensive system of strategic directions that ensure the competitiveness of enterprises in the long term is substantiated. The study focuses on the matter that traditional management models are gradually losing their efficiency in the modern environment, where digitalization, innovation and flexibility of managerial decisions are key factors of development. The methodological basis of the study is based on a systemic approach that combines theoretical analysis, comparative research, economic and statistical methods and modeling of development scenarios. This allowed us to identify a set of strategic directions of the adaptive strategy, including operational and production, innovation, information and digital, personnel and integration. The results of the study show that the comprehensive implementation of these areas allows small and medium-sized businesses to increase adaptability and flexibility, ensure readiness for changes in the external and internal environment, strengthen competitive positions and achieve sustainable development. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using the proposed model to develop efficient managerial decisions that will contribute to the growth of financial results, improving the quality of products and services. The comprehensive implementation of the identified strategic areas creates conditions for the formation of high flexibility and adaptability of small and medium-sized businesses, their readiness for changes in the external and internal environment. This contributes to increasing the efficiency of operational and financial and economic activities, improving the quality of products and services, and also ensures the growth of financial results. In the long term, such an approach allows enterprises not only to function stably, but also to develop, strengthening their competitive positions in both national and international markets.

Problem and task. It is well known that the state of the Ukrainian economy is unsatisfactory and requires significant improvement. Based on Peter Drucker's words that "there are no underdeveloped countries, only poorly managed ones", we can conclude about the necessity and expediency of significantly increasing the efficiency of the application of modern management systems. in Ukrainian organizations, in particular, and in Ukraine as a whole. In this regard, it seems relevant to understand more deeply the features of modern management and the problems in this area inherent in Ukrainian society. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to analyze the development (evolution) of management in the world to understand its features at the present stage, as well as to investigate the actual application of management in Ukraine and identify the problems that exist here in order to prepare proposals for improvement.
 Research methods. In the process of research, the methods of comparative analysis, data analysis by grouping them, summarizing information were applied.
 Results. It was revealed that the concept of "management" was constantly changing in the world, and since the beginning of the 21st century, it acquired a fundamentally new meaning, which was established, in particular, in the international standard ISO 9000:2000. Unlike the previous understanding of management as "contrоl", modern management is, first of all, about the public brain and public mind, about common values and the formation of common goals based on them and the subsequent achievement of these goals through "contrоl". Modern management is an independent branch of knowledge and an independent sphere of activity, which plays a key role in ensuring competitiveness and sustainable development of both individual organizations (enterprises, institutions) and countries as a whole. At the same time, there are significant problems in understanding and applying modern management in Ukraine, which have been hampering its development for more than 30 years. The term "management" is considered a synonym of the Ukrainian terms "управління" and "керування", which is fixed in DSTU ISO 9000:2015. Even today, there is a misconception that management is a component of technical regulation, in particular standardization. Due to a misunderstanding of modern management, it was initially "assigned" to Derzhstandart (in recent years, to the Department of Technical Regulation of the Ministry of Economy). As a result, today "management in Ukrainian" is, in fact, "management" that is "stuck" in the 20th century. This has become one of the key factors in the emergence of many problems in Ukrainian society. The results of the study made it possible to create proposals aimed at improving the situation on a national scale.
 Conclusions. Due to inadequate understanding of the essence of modern management in Ukraine, due attention is not paid to its development. No central executive body responsible for the development of management in the country as a whole has been appointed. The issue of improving management is not reflected in any state policy and strategy for the development of spheres of life. Public sector organizations, in particular executive authorities, and business companies use mostly outdated, imperfect management systems. In order to eliminate the mentioned shortcomings and improve the situation, it is necessary to urgently change the attitude towards this extremely important component of state formation.
 Keywords: sustainability; management; leadership; management; direct, contrоl; standards; management systems; manager.

The article examines the peculiarities of ensuring the financial security of utility enterprises in conditions of uncertainty, military operations and the instability of economic and social processes. It was determined that both external and internal factors influence the formation of the financial security of the enterprise. The main meaningful accents of the financial security of utility enterprises are highlighted, taking into account their organizational and functional features. The influence of the external environment and the balance of interests are particularly relevant for utility companies as determining components of financial security, since for most of them the revenue base is formed by external stakeholders and capital investments are financed. An assessment of the financial security of utility enterprises was carried out based on the indicators of the financial condition on the example of utility enterprises of water supply and drainage. The main financial threat to utility enterprises is the lack of financial resources for functioning, which will make it impossible to provide the necessary services to the residents of the community. Such enterprises cover losses from the local budget, that is, community residents pay for services twice: directly as part of the tariff and indirectly by paying taxes to the local budget. At the same time, a restraining tariff policy and additional financing from the budget is an objective necessity, therefore ensuring the financial security of utility companies must be closely related to permanent financial planning, monitoring, auditing of financial policy and the efficiency of spending financial resources to balance the interests of utility companies enterprises and the local community. Utility companies, on the one hand, cannot independently conduct pricing policy, determine types of activities and areas of service provision; on the other hand, they are under the constant financial care of local authorities. Taking into account the financing features of such enterprises, their capital structure and liquidity level do not carry high financial risks. And the danger is the level of wear and tear of fixed assets, unprofitability and the impossibility of self-financing, which makes such utility companies dependent on budget allocations. It was determined that in order to increase their financial security, a system of measures should be developed together with state and local self-government bodies for a complete restructuring of the economic and financial mechanism of their functioning.

The article presents the results of a study of the state, problems and possible ways to improve the investment climate in Ukraine in the new extreme conditions of doing business. Improving and stabilizing the investment climate in Ukraine during martial law is necessary to ensure economic development, attract international resources, rebuild infrastructure, strengthen the international image and protect national business. The purpose of the article is to study the state and problems of the formation of the country's investment climate in conditions of full-scale military operations, analysis of the main factors affecting the level of investment attractiveness of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty, study of the main ways and directions of improvement of the investment climate in Ukraine.As a result of the research, it was established that the investment climate should be defined as a set of political, economic, legal, social-cultural, scientific-technological, demographic, infrastructural and natural-geographical factors that form the degree of investment attractiveness and determine the level of investment risk. A model of the formation of the investment climate in Ukraine was built, taking into account the main factors of the internal and external environment of enterprises and organizations under martial law. The main threats and changes in the macro-environment of the country under the influence of the war are structured. It was found that there was not a single field of activity of economic entities that was not affected by the war. One of the main ways to improve the investment climate in Ukraine today is the insurance of military and political risks, which is an extremely important aspect for protecting capital investments and ensuring business development. It is the stabilization of the investment climate that will prevent the outflow of capital abroad and preserve resources for further development. In addition to large-scale infrastructure reconstruction projects, investments can be aimed at supporting small and medium-sized businesses, which are an important source of innovation and jobs.

Modeling of financial, socioeconomic and integration indicators of fishing enterprises in conditions of uncertainty and constant transformation requires the development of an economic and mathematical model for studying the emergent state, which would be based on a set of main factors of influence of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the dynamics of functioning. To create an expert modeling system for multi factorial analysis of the processes of functioning and management decisions of industrial enterprises, a mathematical apparatus based on the theory of fuzzy logic and a linguistic variable was used. This economic and mathematical method is a computer of mathematical algorithms, models and formalized methods and is based on the stagnation of expert linguistic information for predicting indicators of development or decline in order to form the basic mechanism for detecting latent properties of an emergent state. To develop an economic and mathematical model expert assessments and the results of analytical and experimental scientific studies of a qualitative and quantitative nature are used. Fuzzy logic modeling allows you to combine quantitative and qualitative factors and allows you to identify latent signals of emergent properties and determine the level of emergent state of industrial enterprises

The article is devoted to the modeling of cash flow businesses in the face of uncertainty. The possibility of forecasting cash flows on the basis of the developed simulation model is presented. The model is constructed using the method of system dynamics on the platform Ithink. Engaging methodology justified playback studied processes dynamics simulation of the influence of the many deterministic and stochastic factors internal and external company Wednesday, as well as ensuring the necessary degree of aggregation. Model illustrated fragments of simulations on the materials of the light industry. Demonstrated ability of parametric settings experiments identified areas for further improvement of model-Simulator

The efficiency and effectiveness of an enterprise largely depends on personnel management, which in modern conditions plays a key role in ensuring the competitiveness of organizations. The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of personnel management in the context of modern challenges, in particular martial law, mobilization, mass migration of the population, shortage of qualified personnel and high levels of stress among employees. The evolution of personnel management and its role in ensuring the stability of enterprises are considered, the main problems are highlighted, such as labor market imbalance, reduction in the number of labor resources, insufficient level of personnel qualifications, psychological state of employees and difficulties in implementing new approaches due to regulatory restrictions. The paper proposes a strategic approach to personnel management, which includes innovative, adaptive, social, strategic components. It is noted that the implementation of such an approach will contribute to the formation of a flexible and effective personnel management system capable of adapting to a rapidly changing environment. Modern problems of personnel management organization are systematized and ways of their solution are proposed, ensuring stability and development of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. Attention is focused on the fact that solving these problems requires the introduction of systemic measures (at the state, regional, local levels). Particular attention was paid to the need to develop professional training programs, psychological support of employees, personnel motivation, and the introduction of digital technologies in the field of personnel management. It is proved that the practical implementation of the proposed approach will contribute to the formation of a flexible and effective system of personnel support of enterprises, increasing their adaptive capabilities to changes in the external environment. The influence of martial law on the personnel resources of enterprises is analyzed, the need to implement programs for psychological support of employees and a strategy for retaining key personnel is highlighted. The importance of integrating the principles of corporate social responsibility into the practice of personnel management in order to strengthen the trust of employees and support the corporate spirit in crisis situations is considered.

В статье анализируются проблемы инвестиционной политики предприятий в условиях неопределенности. Выявляются экономические преимущества проектов с применением государственно-частного партнерства. Рассмотрены источники привлечения инвестиционных ресурсов в сформировавшиеся социально-экономические реалии для развития промышленного потенциала государства. Анализ данных, связанных с привлечением инвестиций в сферу промышленного производства по разным направлениям, свидетельствует о повышении конкурентоспособного потенциала отечественной промышленности. Предложены мероприятия, связанные со стабилизацией финансового состояния промышленных предприятий и повышения их устойчивости на рыночном пространстве. Сформулированы направления по устранению проблем, связанных с привлечением инвестиций в хозяйственный оборот промышленности и бизнеса. The article analyzes the problems of investment policy of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. The economic advantages of projects with the use of public-private partnership are revealed. The sources of attracting investment resources to the formed socio-economic realities for the development of the industrial potential of the state are considered. The analysis of data related to attracting investments in the sphere of industrial production in various directions indicates an increase in the competitive potential of domestic industry. The measures related to the stabilization of the financial condition of industrial enterprises and increasing their stability in the market space are proposed. The directions for the elimination of problems related to attracting investments in the economic turnover of industry and business are formulated.

Financial Security Management of Enterprises in Conditions of Uncertainty

Implementation of foreign economic activity in a volatile economic environment, influence of uncertainty on the results and the effectiveness of foreign economic operations cause the need for accounting reflection of the consequences of risks of foreign economic activity. On the basis of studying the approaches of different authors and scholars to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of «risk of foreign economic activity», the economic content of this concept is determined and an author’s own definition is proposed. According to the results of the study of existing classification features and types of risks of foreign economic activity, the need to expand and improve them is substantiated. A classification of risks of foreign economic activity for accounting needs, taking into account the peculiarities of the formation of an institutional environment and the specifics of implementation of foreign economic operations, is scientifically substantiated and presented. It is proved that the use of the proposed classification of risks of foreign economic activity will ensure the formation of a comprehensive system of accumulation of information on the probability of occurrence and source of formation of risks of foreign economic activity of trade enterprises, their impact on accounting objects, indicators of financial statements and results of the operation of the enterprise. If the consequences of the risks of foreign economic activity, along with the measures aimed at minimization of them, can be reflected promptly and correctly, it is possible to ensure that the optimal financial results of trading enterprises in conditions of uncertainty can be achieved.

The employment problem of college graduates is urgently needed to be solved. In this paper, the development status, characteristics and requirements of College Students' innovation management system is proposed based on the nature and process of comprehensive employment work in Colleges and universities. The detailed design is analyzed to provide complete and reasonable scheme, and to solve the traditional electronic form the low efficiency problem of decentralized management. The system also realizes zero maintenance for users. It adopts Oracle database to storage the system data and develops the system integrated with data sharing and Internet technologies.

The article considers the organizational conditions for the functioning of the sports industry, suggests ways to ensure the strategic development of the sports industry in conditions of uncertainty. The possibility of implementing the European model of socio-economic development management in Ukraine is analyzed, it is concluded that it is connected with complex systemic transformations in which a new quality society is formed, the level of business activity and political responsibility of citizens increases, human rights and freedoms are ensured. These changes in the structure and content of civil society inevitably determine changes in the form and essence of public policy in the system of state, territorial and sectoral government. The problem of developing social responsibility of business in Ukraine at the present stage is relevant and of paramount importance. Therefore, state support is necessary for the importance of ethical and socially responsible behavior of organizations, increasing their prestige. The introduction of a system of modern management of the sports industry, the use of best European management practices will increase competitiveness, efficiency and ensure the sustainable development of the sports industry in conditions of uncertainty. Improving the efficiency of interaction in the system "state – community – science – business" and building a socially responsible economic policy, improving the quality of the national management system of the sports industry is one of the main conditions for sustainable socio-economic development of the country as a whole man.