Место этнокультурной компетентности в формировании общероссийской гражданской идентичности

The article examines the relevance of historical memory research as a key factor in the formation of national identity and an instrument of state policy. At the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, in particular Bulgaria, faced the need to develop a balanced historical policy amid transformational processes. This study aims to identify and summarise the main political practices that shaped social consciousness in the post-communist period.The article analyses the influence of political elites on the formation of historical memory policy in Bulgaria in the context of the post-communist transformation of society. The goal is to identify and generalise the main dimensions of memory policy and political practices, and to determine their influence on the formation of historical consciousness and the national idea in the context of post-socialist changes. Special attention is paid to comparing Bulgaria’s experience with Ukrainian realities, which is relevant in the context of modern hybrid warfare and the fight against historical myths.The study is based on the analysis of historical, political, and social aspects of memory policy-making. Approaches are used that allow studying commemorative strategies, in particular regarding decommunization, revising the content of textbooks, and constructing a new national pantheon of heroes. The analysis includes the study of legislative initiatives (such as laws on the criminal nature of the communist regime and the decommunization of science), the activities of institutions (such as the Commission for the Opening of Documents and the Institute of National Remembrance), and public discussions.The influence of external factors, such as Russian information propaganda, is also taken into account. The study uses a comparative approach, comparing the Bulgarian experience with Ukrainian realities.For the first time, the influence of political elites on the politics of memory in Bulgaria after the fall of the communist regime was systematically analysed, focusing on the mechanisms and practices of decommunization, the revision of historical narratives, and the formation of a new national identity. It has been proven that these processes were not always straightforward, as society showed an ambiguous attitude towards the communist past, combining its criticism with a certain nostalgia for the past. It is studied how the politics of memory is used as a tool to ensure social unity and counter external threats. The role of historical myths in the formation of the «image of the enemy» and the manipulation of public opinion is revealed.An effective public policy of memory is an important tool for ensuring social unity and consolidation, contributing to the formation of a Bulgarian-centric national identity. Although the process of decommunization in Bulgaria was slow, it included important legislative steps, such as the recognition of the criminal nature of the communist regime. Political elites oriented towards European values played a key role in abandoning the socialist past and regaining power. At the same time, the existence of a pro-Russian political bloc indicates the use of historical memory to destabilise the country. The experience of Bulgaria shows that the revision of textbooks, the creation of a pantheon of heroes, and the fight against historical myths are key elements in the formation of a new historical consciousness.

The purpose of the article is to analyse the role and place of cinema in the formation and strengthening of modern Ukrainian identity; to study the main trends observed in the development of contemporary Ukrainian cinema in the direction of state-building and geopolitical processes, in particular in the context of the war that Russia unleashed against Ukraine in 2022; to examine the shortcomings that negatively affect the quality and perception of Ukrainian cinema in Ukraine and the world. Research methodology. To achieve the set goals and solve the tasks, the researchers used such diverse approaches and methods as analysis (to study contemporary popular films) and synthesis (to identify trends in the development of Ukrainian cinema), historical method (to clarify the historical realities of Ukraine’s development), literary analysis (to study literary sources that highlight identity in cinema). Scientific novelty. For the first time, contemporary Ukrainian cinema is analysed in terms of trends in the formation of national identity through feature films. The main components of Ukrainian national identity are identified: awareness of cultural heritage, understanding of one’s role in the collective identity, and active consumption of cultural and information space, including cinema. The role and place of cinema in the formation and strengthening of modern Ukrainian identity are analysed. Conclusions. It is determined that the formation of Ukrainian national identity is conditioned by history, language, culture, religion, territory, traditions, politics and education. The article has analysed the Ukrainian cinema space and found that there is a tendency to rethink classical works and appeal to Ukrainian culture as a means of forming national identity, as well as to cover the topic of war and heroic events in the history of Ukraine, which contributes to the self-identification of Ukrainians as courageous fighters for freedom and independence. The study also has identified shortcomings, such as the use of “trouser culture”, acting unprofessionalism and instability of cinematic development, which negatively affect the quality and perception of Ukrainian cinema.

Modern Russian reality contains a precedent of social eclectism, demonstrating an attempt of civic identity “in a new way” in condition of keeping traditional mental concepts, which makes the prospects of modernization and progressive development of the Russian society problematic. This paper analyzes mental foundations of formation of the Russian civic identity and an attempt is made to determine the degree of influence that metal modes and regulations of life practices of the Russian people exert onto understanding their belonging to the post-Soviet Russian society. An idea is substantiated that features of geographic environment, economic activity, historical forms of governmental arrangement of the Russian life, state of religiosity and folklore imagery have become essential factors determining features of life practices and mentality, which, in their turn influence formation of the Russian civic identity. A contradiction of the modern stage of Russian development has been identified in the fact that the analyzed modes of the Russian mentality correspond to the Eastern type, while precedent phenomenon of civic identity for Russia is the Western type. Reduction in importance of the Eastern type of mentality with simultaneous increase in the civic identity of the Western type may facilitate shifting the situation in accordance with claims of the Russian society for economic, political and socio-cultural modernization. Conclusions drawn during the research expand the object domain of humanities knowledge, promote rethinking the meaning of mentality in the Russian civic identity. The research uses authorial terminology in the context of the topic.

Author's Introduction Our article outlines the need to bring together the literatures on personal and cultural identity – which have thus far been disconnected from one another. As one develops a sense of personal identity (e.g., goals, values, and beliefs), does one also develop a sense of cultural identity (e.g., how the individual and the group are prioritized, as well as attachment to and affiliation with one's ethnic, cultural, and national group)? This question is becoming increasingly important as Western countries become more and more diverse and multicultural, and as the world becomes more and more international and global. Individuals of European descent in the United States, Canada, Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, for example, are no longer insulated from other cultural streams. A generation ago, White Americans, for example, held dominion over the United States and over what ‘American culture’ was. With the advent of mass immigration of ethnic and cultural minorities, as well as globalizing technologies such as email, video conferencing, instant messaging, and virtual chatrooms, we are no longer insulated by our borders. Each of us is a citizen of the world, and this is becoming truer and truer over time. Thus, cultural identity and personal identity are increasingly likely to be related – and the ways in which they influence one another needs to be studied. How does my cultural position in my society (and in the world) influence who I am as a person? How do my cultural beliefs and worldviews influence my personal goals, values, and beliefs? Author Recommends Côté, James E., and Levine, Charles G. (2002). Identity formation, agency and culture: A social psychological synthesis . Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. This book discusses personal identity within the context of culture, and it clearly sets the stage for a discussion of how personal identity is affected by cultural processes. Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen. (2002). The psychology of globalization. American Psychologist , 57 , 774–783. This article discusses the ways in which globalization affects the personal and cultural identities of people around the world. In particular, the article stresses that individuals will be exposed to various cultural streams even if they never leave their countries of origin and do not come into direct contact with people from other parts of the world. The mass exportation of Western television programs, music, dress styles, fashion, and beliefs is leading people to ‘acculturate’ to Western values and behaviors. Bosma, Harke A., and Kunnen, E. Saskia. (2001). Determinants and mechanisms in ego identity development: A review and synthesis. Developmental Review , 21 , 39–66. This article reviews the ways in which personal identity is developed in ‘individualist’ and ‘collectivist’ contexts. In more individualistic contexts, personal identity is developed through active exploration of different alternatives, commitment to one or more of these, and an in‐depth evaluation of the commitment that has been made. In more collectivistic contexts, personal identity is developed through identification with the goals, values, and beliefs of significant others. This article was one of the first to address personal identity more broadly than through a Western lens. Matsumoto, David. (2003). The discrepancy between consensual‐level culture and individual‐level culture. Culture and Psychology , 9 , 89–95. This article argues that individualism and collectivism (and related constructs such as independence and interdependence) operate differently at the between‐individual level than at the between‐culture level. When studying the interface between personal identity and cultural identity, only individual‐level conceptions of cultural identity should be used. National‐level differences in cultural identity constructs tend to be fairly small – suggesting that most of the differences are between individual people. Schwartz, Seth J., Luyckx, Koen, and Vignoles, Vivian L. (editors, forthcoming). Handbook of identity theory and research . New York, NY: Springer. This forthcoming handbook will consist of state‐of‐the‐art summaries and reviews from some of the leading identity scholars in the world. Chapters will focus on many different domains of identity, including personal and cultural identity but also including national, religious/spiritual, sexual, gender, social, and vocational identity. The book will be an important resource both for students and for professors interested in the field of identity. Sample Syllabus Please add all or a portion of a syllabus that might adopt your article and present it in a broader context to the classroom. Eg. Topics for Lecture & Discussion Week 1 – Overview (What is Identity) Cote, James E. 1996. Sociological perspectives on identity formation: The culture‐identity link and identity capital. Journal of Adolescence . 19: 417–428. A framework for understanding identity formation in an interdisciplinary fashion by addressing the relationship between culture and identity. Grotevant, Harold D. 1987. Toward a process model of identity formation. Journal of Adolescent Research . 2: 203–222. Proposes a model for conceptualizing identity formation that is developmental, contextual and life‐span in scope. Four major components are as follows: individual characteristics, contexts of development, identity process in specific domains, and interdependencies among the identity domains. Weeks 2–4 Neo‐Eriksonian Identity Perspectives (Identity Status, Identity Style, Et Cetera) Berzonsky, Michael D. 1989. Identity style: Conceptualization and measurement. Journal of Adolescent Research . 4: 268–282. A conceptualization of three styles of personal problem solving and decision making – and information orientation that actively seeks and evaluates information, a normative orientation that focuses on internalized conventions, and a diffuse orientation that avoids action until affective cues dictate behavioral reactions. This study measures a validity of a self‐report measure of these styles. Meeus, Wim. 1996. Toward a psychosocial analysis of adolescent identity: An evaluation of the epigenetic theory (Erikson) and the identity status model (Marcia). Hurrelmann, Klaus (Ed.); Hamilton, Stephen F (Ed). (1996). Social problems and social contexts in adolescence: Perspectives across boundaries . (pp. 83–104). xiv, 299 pp. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter. This chapter discusses Erikson's identity theory and Marcia's identity status model, with application to adolescent identity. The author evaluates their empirical validity. Weeks 5–7 Social Identity Perspectives Worchel, Stephen; Morales, J. Francisco; Paez, Dario; Deschamps, Jean‐Claude (Eds.). 1998. Social identity: International perspectives. Social identity: International perspectives. xix, 263 pp. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. This books brings together the latest empirical and theoretical findings in the field of

Розглянуто особливості формування української національної ідентичності. Виявлено розмитість та амбівалентність національної ідентичності України на сучасному етапі її розвитку. Проаналізовано причини, що гальмують процеси завершення формування української нації. Обґрунтовано роль національної ідеї як чинника формування української національної ідентичності.

Background. The current problem of modern science and philosophy is the formation of national identity, considering the transformation of the value system in the context of deglobalization. An attempt has been made to identify the factors determining the future position of Russia in the emerging multipolar world. Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the work of foreign and Russian authors devoted to the issues of globalization and deglobali-zation; information society; mediatization and networking; national identity; value orientations and life strategies. The use of the systematic, as well as a structural and functional approach enables comprehensively examining the problem of the formation of national identity with regard to the value transformations, taking into account the interconnection and interdependence of factors influencing the change in the structure of values of the Russians, including young people. In addition, the interdisciplinary approach allows including, along with philosophical concepts and categories, concepts of economics, political science, cultural studies, etc. Results. The author finds that deglobalization is a megatrend today that testifies to the changes in global development. Despite the differences in approaches to assessing the process of deglobalization, it is obvious that nowadays the processes of disintegration have affected almost all spheres of life. There is a fundamental shift in the global community towards a decentralized economic model that allows all countries to focus on their own interests and values. A mood of deep doubt has arisen in the social space regarding the flawlessness of the prospects for globalization. The threats and risks that lead to a deterioration of the position of the country in the global space are identified; the existing disadvantages that prevent the consolidation of various groups of the Russian population are outlined. The external factors that determine possible advantages and strengths, which may create favorable conditions for the formation of national identity, are determined. Conclusions. The analysis of historical, philosophical, scientific, theoretical and methodological sources shows the improvement of the social, economic and political climate in Russia. Favorable prerequisites for the formation of national identity as a condition of national security have developed in the public consciousness. Further promotion of Russian national interests in the international arena and awareness of national identity is a demonstration of the modern trend of deglobalization and therefore, despite fears and concerns of an isolationist nature, all this will contribute to strengthening national and societal security, as well as the successful development of the country, which coincides with the expectations of almost all segments of the population.

In the framework of the presented study, the author analyses the question of the role of images of the Soviet past in the formation of the national-state identity of Russians. The purpose of the study is to identify problems and perspectives for the transformation of the national-state identity of citizens of the Russian Federation by forming the image of the past as the main element of collective social memory. The methodological base of the research combines the features of descriptive political-cultural analysis and systematization of published big data of sociological surveys. The author concluded that attempts to destroy the heroic component of the Soviet symbolic heritage and replace it with a narrative associated with the pre-revolutionary period lead to the erosion of the value-symbolic foundations of group favouritism in Russian society, which causes resistance from carriers of Soviet and Russian identity. The synthesis of the symbolic heritage of the Soviet and pre-revolutionary erases based on the recognition of universal values, and historical continuity in the development of the Russian state seems to be the most reasonable option for using images of the past to strengthen the national-state identity of Russians.

This article develops a critical analysis of the colonial world of the postcolonial historians whose works inadvertently contribute to the process of reconstituting the colonial construction of tribal identities in neoliberal India. The monolithic and colonial construction of tribal identities in postcolonial India reinforces and preserves tribal identities along the lines of the colonial methods of identity formation based on territorialization. The article highlights the problematic features of the territorialization and deterritorialization of tribal identities and their reconstitution. Territorial-based identity formation is now being used and sustained by the neoliberal political and economic ruling and non-ruling elites in order to exploit tribal communities. The existence of upper-caste and class-based Hindu social order is concomitant with a social hierarchy based on the exploitation of tribal communities in India. This article locates the colonial and neoliberal capitalist logic of identity formation that serves elites, and helps to advance the neoliberal political-economic project of the Hindu right. A postmodern logic of identity formation facilitates the expansion of the neoliberal capitalist economy with the process of Hinduization. It contributes to identity formations that divide the people on territorial grounds. The article is divided into four parts. The first outlines the philosophical basis of identity formation and its links with neoliberalism; the second deals with identity formation based on territory; part three documents the debates on tribal identity formation in postcolonial India; and the final part elucidates the capitalist logic inherent in territorial-based identity formations.

The purpose of the article is to analyse the main aspects in the evolution of theatrical culture in Ukraine in the context of the formation and preservation of national identity. The research methodology is based on a combination of different approaches, including historical, sociocultural and artistic analysis of theatrical events and their interaction with political, sociocultural and economic factors. The historical approach enabled the author to trace the main stages of the development of theatrical culture in Ukraine, in particular the influence of political and social conditions on the formation of the national theatre. The artistic analysis enabled focusing on the aesthetic aspects of theatrical creativity, and the socio-cultural approach – to investigate the relationship between the theatre and society. Scientific novelty. The study is groundbreaking in its analysis of the impact of contemporary events, such as Euromaidan 2014 and the full-scale invasion of 2022, on Ukrainian theatre culture, as well as exploring the process of de-Russification in theatre. In addition, the article emphasises the role of individual artists and the development of modern drama, which underlines the theme of war and national identity. Conclusions. The process of formation of national identity in Ukraine in the context of historical events and cultural transformations was highlighted. Despite the various prohibitions of the desire to destroy national identity, the activities of outstanding national figures, in particular theatre figures, have always popularised Ukrainian culture. A promising direction in the development of theatre culture is to take into account all mental and ideological differences within the framework of Ukrainian values, since every Ukrainian is currently rethinking the question of their identity. The evolution of Ukrainian theatrical culture is an integral part of the process of formation and preservation of national identity. The theatre itself is an important tool of socio-cultural development, which helps Ukrainian society to realise its uniqueness and preserve its cultural heritage.

The article focuses on the impact of transformations in exhibition spaces on the formation of national cultural identity in Ukrainian society during the Russian-Ukrainian war. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach used to highlight the peculiarities of the formation of the exhibition and exposition space of Ukraine in the period from 2014 to 2024. Among the main methods used are the method of definitional analysis to analyze the concept of national and cultural identity, the method of source research and the method of comparative analysis to compare the state of the exhibition and exhibition space of Ukraine in the specified period. The scientific novelty is that it deepens the understanding that the transformations of the Ukrainian exhibition space in 2014-2024 caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war are becoming an important factor in the formation of national and cultural identity by promoting national unity and identification of Ukrainians with a particular nation. Conclusions. At the present stage, it can be stated that the transformations of the Ukrainian exhibition space in 2014-2024 have a significant impact on the formation of national and cultural identity. The consolidation of Ukrainians during the Russian-Ukrainian war is largely reflected in the works of artists who, despite wartime, actively present their work, which reflects the national culture of Ukrainians and the consequences of Russia's destruction of our country's cultural values. The themes of the Revolution of Dignity, Russian aggression, occupation of Crimea, events in Donbas and the full-scale invasion have gained particular importance in the cultural sphere and are now widely covered at art exhibitions, where visitors have the opportunity to feel their belonging to the Ukrainian nation through familiarization with the national culture and understanding the importance of preserving it during the Russian-Ukrainian war. Keywords: culture, national and cultural identity, exhibition space, personality, Ukrainian art, values.

Identity construction during adolescence constitutes a primary psychosocial developmental task. A growing body of research has addressed the importance of school education in fostering adolescents’ identity formation and the skills they need to thrive. Although several studies aimed at defining the factors contributing to a coherent, stable, and integrated identity formation, none sought to investigate this question from the adolescents’ perspective. This contribution aimed to explore new ways of fostering 21st-century skills among adolescents through action research. Five adolescents aged 13 to 15 participated in the research process, creating a survey to answer a research problem mainly focused on identity construction in adolescence. A reflexive analysis of the co-research process highlighted the interest in involving adolescents as co-researchers to foster their social and emotional skills. The deployment of the resulting survey in a sample of 1210 adolescents from the general population highlighted the importance of gender diversity for constructing various dimensions of identity.

The article examines the figure of the Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I, his pastoral ministry and humanistic attitude to the world and man on the basis of various sources and from the standpoint of comparative analysis. The problem of humanism and human relations is one of the main problems of the modern world, and Dimitrios Archondonis – Bartholomew I demonstrates with his life and deeds, the example of Christian humanism and love of neighbour, as it is commanded by Jesus Christ himself in the New Testament. The process of Ukrainian state renaissance, its national and spiritual formation are followed by a growing interest in Christian humanism, which in its essence and direction is an effective means of "moral healing", "spiritual revival", the formation of national identity, affirmation of its culture and "healthy" consciousness. Various philosophical, scientific, religious and other ideas and views on ecology, nature and man, the meaning of its existence, place and role in the world, which were developed and implemented throughout the historical development of world philosophy and culture in modern Ukraine need not only ideological and theoretical reasoning, but also a visual demonstration of examples of Christian humanism, an example of which is Bartholomew's I life and pastoral serving of God. Emphasizing the existence of a deep moral crisis in modern society, the Ecumenical Patriarch sees the root cause of all global problems in it. The way out of this crisis, in his opinion, is the formation of a new philosophy of international relations, the focus on broad international cooperation, the creation of a common European home, the Christianization of the whole Earth through the "evangelization of its peoples." Like all Christian churches, the Orthodox patriarch believes that the problem of war and peace is a planetary, global problem and at the same time a global challenge to all "globalized humanity" today. And the development of a new concept called "theology of peace" (or Orthodox "myrology"), started in the 60s of last century created by his ideologues, was the response of Orthodoxy to this challenge. A characteristic feature of the whole period of Bartholomew's I Patriarchal reign is the constant moral and humanistic dialogue not only in the middle of Orthodoxy itself, but also among the whole Christian world as a whole. The idea of harmony, tolerance, mutual understanding for him is the main issue for conversation and constructive dialogue with various religious figures and denominations.

The paper is devoted to the general problems of development of the North Caucasus region and various aspects of its investigation. This theme was not easy for scientists and analysts at all times, and it cannot be understood in a one-dimensional measurement. In general the Caucasus has provided and continues to exert considerable influence on the formation and development of the Russian identity and this is both theoretical and practical importance for us. Therefore much attention is paid to the present situation in Russian society, its ability to meet the challenges of the times in a rapidly changing world and changes in domestic and foreign policy on its southern borders. The paper presents different approaches to analysis and different comments on them. But all Russian researchers are united in one thing - in the understanding and preservation of this unique region as an integral part of the Russian state and Russian identity.

The absence of a mother shapes not only an individual's emotional landscape but also their ethical and existential outlook. This book presents an in-depth exploration of the philosophical and social dimensions of growing up without maternal guidance. Through the lens of existential ethics, Prof. Dr. Yoesoep Edhie Rachmad, Ph.D., DBA, examines how individuals construct meaning, navigate moral challenges, and define their place in a society that often presumes the necessity of maternal influence. Grounded in existentialist thought and social ethics, this book blends philosophy with real-life narratives to investigate how the absence of a mother influences personal autonomy, moral responsibility, and the search for belonging. It engages with questions of self-determination, ethical dilemmas, and societal obligations to individuals who must forge their own moral compass in the face of maternal absence. An essential read for philosophers, psychologists, educators, and policymakers, this work seeks to expand the conversation on ethics, resilience, and the human condition. This book was written to address the intersection of existential philosophy and social ethics in the lives of those who grow up without a mother. Prof. Dr. Yoesoep Edhie Rachmad, Ph.D., DBA, was driven by the increasing discussions on how parental absence affects an individual’s moral and existential formation. Published in New York, USA, in 2023, this work provides a philosophical framework for understanding how individuals without maternal influence shape their moral and social identities. At its core, this book defines maternal absence not just as a physical condition but as a profound existential state that influences moral reasoning, identity formation, and social integration. Prof. Dr. Yoesoep Edhie Rachmad, Ph.D., DBA, explores key concepts such as existential autonomy, ethical self-reliance, and the societal role in moral development. The book draws from existentialist thinkers like Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, and Albert Camus to frame the ethical implications of growing up motherless. Societies have long emphasized the maternal figure as a cornerstone of ethical and emotional development. This book questions whether individuals who grow up without a mother are at a moral disadvantage or whether they develop a unique ethical framework born out of necessity. Prof. Dr. Yoesoep Edhie Rachmad, Ph.D., DBA, explores how the motherless experience shapes moral choices, social belonging, and existential resilience. The book identifies principles such as moral self-construction, ethical adaptability, and communal ethics as crucial factors in understanding the moral lives of those without maternal figures. Indicators examined include levels of moral reasoning, social responsibility, and psychological resilience in motherless individuals. This study is structured around critical variables that shape ethical identity, including: • Autonomy and Moral Independence: How individuals develop a personal moral code in the absence of maternal influence. • Social Influence and Support Structures: The role of extended family, mentors, and societal institutions in moral education. • Philosophical Inquiry and Ethical Development: How existential questioning informs personal ethics and decision-making. The absence of a mother does not determine ethical failure or success but rather introduces unique determinant factors. Prof. Dr. Yoesoep Edhie Rachmad, Ph.D., DBA, highlights key influences such as social environment, economic stability, cultural expectations, and access to mentorship as shaping forces in moral and existential development. To address the ethical and existential challenges faced by motherless individuals, the book proposes strategic interventions. Prof. Dr. Yoesoep Edhie Rachmad, Ph.D., DBA, outlines educational reforms, mentorship initiatives, and community-based support programs aimed at fostering moral and existential resilience. The book advocates for policies that acknowledge and support individuals who must construct their ethical frameworks without maternal guidance. Growing up motherless presents unique challenges, from the struggle for emotional stability to societal expectations that often place moral weight on maternal presence. Prof. Dr. Yoesoep Edhie Rachmad, Ph.D., DBA, identifies support systems such as philosophical education, therapy, and alternative mentorship as key to ethical and existential development, while also discussing barriers like economic hardship, cultural biases, and institutional neglect. The absence of a mother is neither a definitive moral deficit nor an existential failure; rather, it is a condition that reshapes the individual’s ethical and social landscape. Prof. Dr. Yoesoep Edhie Rachmad, Ph.D., DBA, argues that through existential and social ethics, individuals can construct meaningful, responsible, and morally autonomous lives. This book calls for a broader societal recognition of the moral complexity of maternal absence and the need for greater institutional and philosophical engagement with this issue.

BackgroundMoral competencies are essential for nursing work. Professional identity is a set of values and beliefs that a person has about her/his job, which includes moral values as well. The development of moral competencies and formation of professional identity in nursing students occurs mainly during their college years. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between moral competencies and the formation of professional identity among nursing students.MethodsThis study was designed as a descriptive-correlational study. The study population was consisted of nursing students who were enrolled in nursing schools at the time of the study. Two hundred and twenty-one nursing students completed the study tools. The research tools were a demographic questionnaire, Moral Development Scale for Professionals (MDSP), and Professional Identity Scale for Nursing Students (PISNS).ResultsThe mean (SD) of MDSP and PISNS scores was 45.69 ± 5.90 and 55.61 ± 12.75, respectively. There was a significant statistical relationship between MSDP and PISNS scores (p < 0.05). A significant equation was found (f (2, 218) = 16.68, p < 0.001) with an R2 of 0.113. The MSDP scores increased 0.136 for each score of PISNS, and married students had 2.452 scores higher than single students.ConclusionsThe positive correlation between the formation of professional identity and development of morality in nursing students indicates that by strengthening students’ professional values, their moral competencies may develop positively.