Порівняльний аналіз показників змагальної діяльності каратистів різного віку

Relevance of the research topic. Only thanks to versatile technical preparation, a wrestler can achieve high sports results. Therefore, it is important to perfectly master all the basic techniques of qualifying groups, as well as protection against them and counter techniques, to be able to connect the action in a combination. Further increase in the effectiveness of the training process in freestyle wrestling is largely connected with the improvement of the technique of teaching technical and tactical actions. However, the lack of consensus on many issues regarding the choice and effectiveness of various applied teaching methods and techniques indicates that this issue has not yet been sufficiently studied. The purpose of the research is to improve the level of the technical and tactical preparation of freestyle wrestlers based on the improvement of the individual manner of entering the match. Research methods: analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature, questionnaires of freestyle wrestling coaches (in order to identify the specifics of individual technical and tactical training of freestyle wrestlers), expert evaluation (of technical and tactical combinations), pedagogical observation (initial indicators of evaluation of modules of technical and tactical actions were registered), pedagogical experiment, pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. Formed modules (directions) of technical and tactical actions of wrestlers for each manner of entering the match. Each module contained individual technical and tactical actions, which were evaluated on the basis of expert evaluation, in order to determine the effectiveness of the study. Means of individual training have been developed, aimed at improving one's own manner of fighting. Individual tasks were selected to improve the level of technical and tactical preparation of wrestlers of different fighting styles. Conclusions. According to the results of the application of the technology, it was found that EG (A) wrestlers compared to KG (A) had a difference of 35 points in the indicators of effective combinations, and EG (K) wrestlers had a difference of 30 points.

Topicality. The modern development of field hockey requires a more detailed analysis of individual aspects of the game, the study of quantitative and qualitative indicators of technical and tactical actions performed in different game zones of the hockey field is relevant. The purpose of the study is to determine qualitative and quantitative model indicators of technical and tactical competitive actions in different zones of the playing field of highly qualified field hockey players. Material and methods. The following methods of scientific research were used to implement the research goal: analysis of literary sources, pedagogical observation and analysis of competitive activity, methods of mathematical statistics. Technical and tactical actions (TTA) in field hockey were studied in the process of observing the games of highly qualified teams during the World League, World Universiade, and Euroleague competitions. Results. According to the conclusions of our research, the quantitative indicators of the protection zone "A" should be greater than 40 TTA, the qualitative indicators should be higher than 88%, zone "B" respectively 54 TTA and 82 %; in the zone of action of halfbacks "V", the number of performed actions must be higher than 48 TTA with an efficiency of at least 79 %; in zone "G" the quantitative indicator should exceed 38 TTA, their efficiency is higher than 68 %. According to the direction of the attack (from the left side, from the center, from the right side), the quantitative indicators should be distributed almost evenly and fluctuate within 50-70 TTA, the average efficiency indicator along these lines should not be lower than78 %. In general, the team's game should be characterized by the following indicators of technical and tactical actions: their sum should be at least 686 TTA, the efficiency should be higher than 78 %. Conclusions. The method of researching competitive activity by zones and lines of attack is quite informative, and therefore can be an effective tool for improving the educational and training process of qualified field hockey players.

Оlena PolitkoPurpose: development of model of the technical and tactical actions, morpho-functional characteristics of highly qualified athletes-swimmers specializing in the 50m butterfly way. Material & Methods: the analytical synthesis of scientific literature data, filming of competitive activity, getting of timing, anthropometry, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: developed model of technical and tactical actions, morphofunctional characteristics of highly qualified swimmers and determined the most important factors affecting athletic performance. Conclusions: the identification and assessment of the most important for the success of sports perfection indicators will allow to draw conclusions about the correctness of the training process according to chosen swimming specialization.

Purpose : to determine the model characteristics of the technical and tactical readiness of the team that participated in the Ukrainian championship of the first league in order to further improve and correct the training process. Material & Methods : the data were obtained using the method of expert evaluation, the calculation was carried out using the methods of mathematical statistics. Results: analyzed the average values of the registered values for 19 games. Analyzed various technical and tactical actions and their differences in the first and second halves, as well as individual indicators of the game players and the team Helios (Kharkiv). Conclusion: quantitative and qualitative (rejection rate) indicators were obtained both for team technical and tactical actions, and separately for each technical and tactical method for each game period.

Purpose: to analyze the competitive activity of wrestlers of 18-20 years old at the Championship of Ukraine, to study the effectiveness of technical actions used by sportsmen in conditions of a sandy covering. Material and Methods.The following methods were used in the research: analysis of scientific and methodical literature and Internet sources; generalization of the best practical experience, analysis of video recordings of fights, methods of mathematical statistics. In total, 76 matches were analyzed. For the analysis, a specialized computer program «Martial Arts Video Analysis» was used. Results: the analysis of competitive activity allowed us to identify key patterns and effective techniques that ensure victory. Pedagogical observations of competitive activity allowed us to identify two main groups of techniques that were most often used by athletes during competitions. These include throws and dumps (transfers). The results of the analysis indicate the dominance of takedowns, which were used in 64 % (160 times). Throws were used much less frequently - 49 times (19 %). Wrestlers mainly use attacks for one point and mainly these are pins by knocking down (22,71%), transfers by jerk (21,12%), throws by tilt (12,35 %), pins by twisting (10,36 %). The analysis revealed that bouts ended early in most cases. The average duration of the fight was 56,89 seconds. Conclusions. The obtained results confirm that in beach wrestling the main attention is paid to attacking actions. This is confirmed by the high frequency of performing knockdowns (64 %) and throws with a tilt (19 %), which demonstrate high efficiency in conditions of sandy coating. Simple technical actions, in particular, the dumping with a knockdown, show the greatest efficiency, bringing both one and three-point scores. This fact emphasizes the need to emphasize basic techniques in the training of athletes. The average duration of the bout (56,89 %) indicates the high intensity of the competition and the effectiveness of the attacking tactics. The training process should be aimed at developing rapid reaction and the ability to make quick tactical decisions.

The features of technical and tactical actions of female athletes in muaythai are understudied, the topic of sports training of women in muaythai remains out of attention of researchers, and the vision of building special physical training is often equalized for representatives of different weight categories, or, even more erroneously, is considered in the context of the training system for men. Purpose: to establish the peculiarities of technical and tactical actions of qualified female athletes of Ukraine of different weight categories in muaythai (IFMA). Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific information, analysis of documentary materials, pedagogical observation, methods of mathematical statistics. To obtain objective scientific information about competitive activity, the content of competitive fights of Ukrainian athletes was studied on the basis of video recordings of the highest level muaythai competitions in Ukraine among women, namely the 2019-2023 Ukrainian Championships, which took place in the cities of: Odesa and Vinnytsia, Ukrainian Cups 2019-2023 – Kharkiv, Lviv, Vinnytsia, Odesa. Results. Mixed martial arts, including muaythai, are rapidly gaining popularity in Ukraine. Compared to the state of scientific substantiation in most types of Olympic combat sports, the amount of scientific data on mixed martial arts, in particular muaythai, at the national and international levels is small. According to the results, most of the fights lasted the entire time allotted by the regulations 78.0 % of the fights and 22 % of the fights ended early. The ratio of punches, knees, elbows and kicks among Ukrainian female athletes showed that only 2 % were elbow strikes, 30 % were knee strikes, 42 % were punches and 26 % were kicks. Conclusions. The results of the analysis of technical and tactical actions of qualified female athletes of Ukraine of different weight categories in muaythai (IFMA) demonstrate the urgent need to change the approach to the training process.

Among the many factors that can affect women’s futsal performance, technical and tactical actions can obscure relevant game data, even affecting specialists in both the programming and design of training tasks. This study describes the technical and tactical actions in elite futsal teams, analysing performance measures according to the playing group and team ranking level. One hundred and twenty-eight games from an Elite League in the 2020/2021 season were observed. The variables analysed were grouped into three groups: “Goals and Rules”, “Attack” and “Defence”. The two-way mixed ANOVA analysis revealed significant effects in attacking variables such as Shots to the Post (STP) variable (F1.2 =19.13, p = .04, η2 = .90) and Throw-in For (TIF) variable (F1.2 =75.00, p = .01, η2 = .97), as well as in defensive Interception (INT) variable (F2.4 = 8.74, p = .03, η2 = .81) in the playing group condition. This study observed how consistently those teams positioned at the top developed a higher goal average compared to those teams further down the ranking. The study highlights the significance of the offensive part and the number of goals in the game system and how achieving good numbers in this area can influence. Coaches and athletes can use the intraclass correlation coefficient to demonstrate how specific technical and tactical actions impact performance.

Purpose: to determine the quantitative indicators of effective shots on goal in the games of the team Helios Kharkiv. Material & Methods : analysis of scientific and methodological literature, registration of technical and tactical actions, methods of mathematical statistics. The research of the competitive activity of the first league team of the championship of Ukraine Helios Kharkiv in the season 2017–2018. Results : in the article the data characterizing the peculiarities of performance of effective shots on goal in the games of the team Helios Kharkiv. Conclusion: data of the conducted research testify to the differences in the quantitative indicators of the effective shots on goal made by the players of the teams of the first league of Ukraine in different intervals of playing time, from different zones of the football field.

Topicality. The physical fitness of wrestlers is one of the most important components of the structure of their fitness, ensuring the achievement of high sports results, along with functional, psychological, technical-tactical and moral-volitional fitness. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of increasing the physical fitness of Greco-Roman wrestlers at the stage of specialized basic training. Material and methods of the study. The following methods were used in the work: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation; pedagogical experiment; pedagogical testing; methods of mathematical statistics. 20 Greco-Roman wrestlers participated in the study: 10 – control group (CG); 10 – experimental group (EG). Age of athletes – 16-17 years. Results of the study. In the modern sport of Greco-Roman wrestling, physical fitness is one of the key components that determine the effectiveness of performing technical and tactical actions and the wrestler’s ability to withstand intense loads for a long time. The stage of specialized basic training of Greco-Roman wrestlers is an important stage in the system of sports training, which lays the foundation for further professionalization and achievement of high sports results. Fitness technologies, such as functional training, exercises using non-standard equipment (medballs, kettlebells, loop simulators), as well as specialized programs for the development of coordination and balance, can significantly increase the effectiveness of the training process. Studies have demonstrated the complex impact of fitness programs on the development of strength, endurance, coordination and injury prevention. Many studies emphasize that the use of functional training with weights, simulators and expanders allows you to effectively increase explosive power and muscular endurance. Conclusions. The developed experimental program significantly improved the general and specific physical fitness indicators of the wrestlers in the experimental group. The program’s effectiveness is confirmed by the substantial advantages demonstrated by the experimental group compared to the control group.

The basis of tactical interactions is passing the ball to a partner, they determine the team's style of play based on the pace of interaction between partners and influence the dynamics of the players' playing activity in the match. The purpose of the study: on the basis of pedagogical observations, to determine the indicators of the game activity of the national teams of Ukraine and Slovakia in the match of the European Football Championship-2024. Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature, methods of pedagogical observations, methods of mathematical statistics, registration and comparative analysis of game activity indicators (accurate ball passes in different zones of the playing field) of the national teams of Ukraine and Slovakia at the 2024 European Football Championship in group round games. Research results: An analysis of technical and tactical action indicators (number of accurate passes) was conducted, which reflect the level of team interaction (in the zones: defense, attack and the middle zone of the playing field) in six 15-minute time periods in the group round match between the national teams of Ukraine and Slovakia at the 2024 European Football Championship. Conclusions: 1. The "game activity" of the players of the national team of Ukraine is accompanied by the maximum manifestation of both general and special physical qualities of each player, a rapid pace of change of tactical situations, and high emotionality. 2. The results of "game activity" are expressed in specific technical and tactical actions that are chosen by the football player taking into account the coordination complexity of the game situation. With the help of these actions, the tasks of group and team interaction facing the player are solved. This affects the dynamics of quantitative indicators of the game activity of the players in different time periods of the match, which has its own impact on the final result of the match.

According to the results of the analysis of scientific – methodical, special and reference literature (monitoring of Internet resources) it is established, that the issue of developing organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of individual ("individual style") techniques in young people, who specialize in sports with the emphasis on the use of modern pedagogical technologies during the annual cycle of their training – is devoted to an insufficient number of scientific and methodological works. This, in turn, requires further research and emphasizes the relevance and practical component of the chosen area of research. The main purpose of the study is to develop and test the organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of "individual style" technique of young men 14-15 years old who specialize in freestyle wrestling with accentuated use of video computer system of biomechanical analysis "Katsumoto" during the annual cycle of their preparation. During the empirical study, the following methods were used: abstraction, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, modeling, mathematical and statistical (correlation analysis, factor analysis, scaling, etc.). In addition, personal experience of organizing a system of long-term training of wrestlers of different age groups and weight categories is considered. As a result of empirical research it is established that in the studied freestyle wrestlers of the experimental group the indicators increased: motivation for regular classes in the chosen sport; theoretical training in the methodology of organization of training sessions with the use of modern technical means of education; possession of theoretical aspects of the current rules of freestyle wrestling; the number and variety of offensive and defensive techniques; coefficient of reliability of "individual style" of technical and tactical actions (combinations); the number of "individual style" technical and tactical actions (combinations) per unit time; tactile sensitivity as well as coordination; formation of general, special endurance and "explosive force", etc. It should be emphasized that the studied freestyle wrestlers of the control group, the above changes are insignificant. Accentuated and balanced in accordance with the individual typological characteristics of the wrestlers of the experimental group working out "individual style" technical and tactical combinations in terms of obtaining targeted comprehensive urgent information about the main parameters of applied (specialized) movements, contributed to the formation of "individual style" technique unlike representatives of the control group. Prospects for further research in the chosen direction include the development of a physical therapy program for young people who specialize in wrestling sports after treatment of coronavirus disease.

The purpose of the research is to determine the characteristics of changes in the types of competitive readiness of judokas at different stages of long-term sports training. Methods and organization of the research. The work used the method of expert assessment and video analysis to determine the type of competitive readiness of judokas based on technical and tactical characteristics and the predominant physical qualities that judoists demonstrated during competitive duels. The study involved more than 1000 judokas who participated in the Olympic Games, the World, European and Russian championships, the championships of Russia, the Volga Federal District and All-Russian competitions. The study was conducted on the basis of the Municipal Budgetary Institution of Additional Education "Sports School" Judo and Sambo" and the laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tchaikovsky State Physical Education and Sports Academy" in the period from 2020 to 2022. Results and discussion. The results of the study provide an analysis of the ratio of competitive readiness types, taking into account the predominant performance of technical and tactical actions by judokas at the stages of long-term development of sports mastery. In addition, the peculiarities of the correlation of the types of competitive fitness are revealed, taking into account the predominant manifestation of physical qualities in judoists at the stages of long-term development of sports skills. Conclusion. The presented data can allow for the targeted development of judokas of various types at each stage of long-term sports training with a focus on achieving a fused, combined (based on the predominant manifestation of technical and tactical actions) and universal (with the predominant manifestation of physical qualities) type.

Purpose: to define the characteristics of the model command of technical and tactical training team participating in the Ukrainian Premier League First League. Material and Methods: the research was conducted using the method of peer review. The experts were involved 5 specialists football. Results: the mean values for the analyzed variables in 10 games. The various technical and tactical actions and their percentage in the overall structure of the game team statistics for 20 games, as well as some indicators of team play "Helios" Kharkov. Conclusions: the obtained quantitative and qualitative indicators (coefficient of marriage) as a team on the technical and tactical actions, as well as separately for each technical and tactical reception. The performances allow you to make adjustments to the training process this command to improve sportsmanship.

The use of observational methodology in the sports context provides coaches and other sports professionals with flexible tools that adapt to their needs. In collective sports, the use of these instruments is common for the technical and tactical analysis of the game. Based on the importance of data quality in these instruments, the purpose was to design, validate, and test the reliability of a mixed observational instrument of field formats and category systems to analyze technical and tactical actions in the offense phase in soccer. The instrument collects information regarding the actions with the ball, moment of the play (start, development, and end), and contextual situation for the offensive team and for the goalkeeper. The instrument design, validation, and reliability calculation were done in four stages: (a) review of the literature, (b) design the first draft of the instrument, (c) experts’ qualitative and quantitative review of the instrument, and (d) observer training test (reliability calculation). The content validity was established by 12 experts (Ph.D. in sports science or soccer coach with at least of 10 years of coaching experience). The Delphi methodology was used. Experts did a quantitative (scale 0–10) and qualitative evaluation. Experts were asked about: (a) comprehension of the criteria, categorical cores, degree of openness, and their definitions, (b) pertinence of categorical cores and degree of openness, and (c) whether to include other categorical cores or degree of openness in the observation instrument. The lowest Aiken’s V index was 0.91 for the categorical core “numerical situation with opponent goalkeeper.” The inter- and intra-observer reliability presented good levels of agreement. The lowest Kappa index was 0.96 for the inter-reliability in the categorical core “defensive pressing lines” and was 0.98 for the intra-reliability in the categorical core “ball height (start of ball possession),” “distance of the defensive player,” “ball height (end of ball possession),” “numerical situation,” and “defensive pressing lines.” The coefficients of the generalizability analysis showed a high level of accuracy, validity and reliability of the instrument. The results show that the instrument allows to obtain objective, valid and reliable information about the offensive phase in soccer.

Рукопашний бій відрізняється від класичних видів єдиноборств низкою особливостей, насамперед це застосування необмеженого технічного арсеналу, ведення бою в усіх можливих положеннях та використання будь-яких способів досягнення переваги над суперником. Проблема побудови раціональної системи підготовки спортсменів, ураховуючи величезний техніко-тактичний потенціал, велику кількість взаємозв’язків між технічними діями з різних груп, відсутність структуризації та класифікації техніки рукопашного бою, протиріччя щодо назви технічних дій та прийомів, належить до сфери плідних наукових пошуків теоретиків і практиків галузі протягом багатьох останніх десятків років. Мета статті полягає в побудові структури техніки рукопашного бою, визначенні змагального обсягу, розподілі його за групами з визначеними ознаками та встановленні взаємозв’язку між ними. Проблема побудови раціональної системи підготовки, особливо на початкових етапах, пов’язана з відсутністю фундаментальних науково-методичних робіт у цьому напрямі, як правило, більшість наукових досліджень носить фрагментарний характер, вони не відображають особливості рукопашного бою. У такому контексті та з огляду на наявність незначної кількості досліджень щодо технічного вдосконалення спортсменів проблема побудови структури техніки рукопашного бою, розподіл технічних елементів за ознаками на групи і встановлення взаємозв’язків між ними у визначеній послідовності, створення алгоритму утворення назви техніко-тактичних дій набувають особливої актуальності. Рукопашний бій відноситься до комплексних, змішаних видів єдиноборств, правилами змагань якого для здобуття перемоги дозволено застосування різноманітної ударної та борціської техніки в різних положеннях. Побудована структура техніки складається з атакуючих і захисних дій та відображає їх біомеханічну суть, ураховує кінематичні складники рухових можливостей людини й особливості застосування, які зумовлені правилами змагань. Отримані результати можуть застосовуватись у різних напрямах подальшого розвитку цього виду спорту з формуванням правильного уявлення про техніку рукопашного бою, встановленням її домінуючих елементів з урахуванням індивідуальних особливостей розвитку, організацією об’єктивного педагогічного контролю, зі становленням оптимальної техніки та побудови раціональної структури навчально- тренувального процесу, особливо на початкових етапах багаторічної підготовки спортсменів-рукопашників.