A QoS-Oriented Distributed Routing Protocol for Hybrid Wireless Networks

Hybrid <span>wireless networks (HWNs) are resulted from the integration of a mobile Ad hoc networks (MANET) and an infrastructure wireless networks. These networks have received increasing interest from researchers for their superior performance and reliability. Packet routing protocols in hybrid wireless networks are important to increase the capacity and scalability of these networks, therefore, several routing protocols have been proposed. Routing protocols in HWNs are designed and implemented from combining <span>the cellular transmission mode with the Ad hoc transmission mode. To route a message to the intended recipient of the sender, hybrid wireless networks use multi-hop technology. However, the source node needs relay nodes, which may be either adjacent nodes or base stations depending on set of parameters like bandwidth, load balancing, or the nearest node. This paper explores routing protocols for hybrid wireless networks and the techniques to enhance the security, performance, and capacity of these routing protocols.</span></span>

The wireless mesh network is a new emerging technology that will change the world of industrial networks connectivity to more efficient and profitable. Mesh networks consist of static wireless nodes and mobile customer; have emerged as a key technology for new generation networks. The Quality of Service (QOS) is designed to promote and support multimedia applications (audio and video), real time. However guarantee of QoS on wireless networks is a difficult problem by comparison at its deployment in a wired IP network. In this paper, we present an efficient routing protocol named as “QoS-Cluster Based Routing Protocol” (Q-CBRP) to support QoS in Wireless Mesh Network.

The objective of the Hybrid Wireless Network with dedicated Relay Nodes (HWN*) proposal is to interface the Base Station (BS) Oriented Mobile Network (BSON) and the 802.11X assisted Mobile Ad hoc Wireless Network (MANET) so that one system can be utilised as an alternative radio access network for data transmissions, while the incorporation of the Relay Node (RN) is to extend the communication coverage, optimise medium resource sharing, increase spatial reuse opportunity, stabilise MANET link and create more micro-cells. The HWN* keeps the existing cellular infrastructure and a end-user Mobile Terminal (MT) can borrow radio resources from other cells through secured multi-hop RN relaying, where RNs are placed at pre-engineered locations. The main contribution of this work is the development of a HWN* system framework and related medium access and routing protocols/algorithms. The framework dedicatedly addresses the transparent multiple interface traffic handover management, cross layer routing, RN positioning and network topology issues to increase communication system capacity, improve Quality of Service (QoS), optimise transmission delay and reduce packet delivery delay.

In this paper we investigate the impact of a Relay Node (RN) placement plan on a heterogeneous wireless network called Hybrid Wireless Network with dedicated delay nodes (HWN*) in terms of system capacity, transmission delay and Quality of Service (QoS). A novel HWN* Heuristic RN Placement (HHRP) algorithm, which considers RN assistance & support for radio resource sharing such as inter-network traffic balancing, TD/CDMA soft handover, routing and user mobility has been implemented. A system level simulation is used to quantify the benefits of HWN* using HHRP algorithm over HWN* with other RN placement plans and multi-hop cellular networks. I. INTRODUCTION A heterogeneous wireless network refers to a wireless net- work that is comprised of wireless nodes with different radio access technologies or equipment with different operating systems. For example, it can be a wireless sensor network including bluetooth based radio access and zigbee 802.15.4 based radio access or a hybrid wireless network including cellular access and 802.11b/g based radio access. Specifi- cally for a hybrid wireless network, the increase of cellular communication intensity results in a reduction in cell size, thus much denser clusters are required resulting in increased infrastructure cost and system complexity. Meanwhile, the bursty nature of communication traffic and path loss results in traffic prediction difficulty. A solution must be found to provide effective resource management, congestion control and routing. The hybrid wireless network which incorporates cellular and MANET interfaced RELAY nodes, provides a practical approach for this. Nevertheless, the dedicated relay infrastructure approach can be also be adapted to the emerging wireless sensor network in order to maintain node connectivity, support sensor data aggregation and optimise power consump- tion.

In this paper, we develop a Markov Chain model for stochastic routing in wireless mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). We show that using stochastic routing technique the average energy efficiency of the network improves considerably. Besides, the protocol will also secure the data flow in the network as the random data forwarding paths from source to destination will make it difficult for an intruder to intercept, hijack, and jam the data. The intruder in this case will have to listen to all possible paths from the source to the destination. Simulation studies show that our proposed protocol achieves significant performance gains in terms of energy consumption, throughput, delay, and security of the data transmission in MANETs.

Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) is emerging concept in wireless networks supporting broadband and high speed multimedia services, so network must guaranteed the Quality-of-Services (QoS). Wireless mesh network characterized by multihop wireless connectivity and frequently changing network topology therefore required efficient and optimal dynamic routing protocols with node authentication for preventing data form networking attacks. AODV is commonly used routing matrix for path discovery in Ad-hoc network. So that, implementing in wireless mesh network, AODV should improve for find optimal shortest path. In this paper, the QoS aware improved AODV routing protocol in wireless mesh network with the node authentication schemas has been discussed.

Merging the wireless infrastructure network with the wireless mobile ad-hoc networks constitutes hybrid wireless networks (HWNs). Quality of service (QoS) demands are available with the help of HWNs. However, these networks are subjected to many types of attacks because of their open wireless medium. To enhance the security of HWNs, it is necessary to provide secure routing protocols. Several routing protocols have been proposed for HWNs, one of them is the quality of service-oriented distributed (QOD) routing protocol. In this paper, two security mechanisms have been proposed for the QOD protocol. The first mechanism is used to protect transmitted data in the network using asymmetric and symmetric cryptography. The second mechanism has been proposed to enhance the security of the QOD routing protocol using keyed hash message authentication code (HMAC). The second security mechanism assumed that there is a secret key shared between each pair of neighbor nodes. Also, asymmetric cryptography is used to exchange the secret key. The secret key is used to include the message authentication code (MAC) for each message exchanged between the neighbor nodes. A network simulator NS2 is used to simulate our proposed schemes.

Multimedia communication over wireless networks has become the driving technology for many important applications, experiencing dramatic market growth and promising revolutionary experiences in personal communication, gaming, entertainment, military, security, environment monitoring, and more. The advances in wireless communications and growth of real-time applications have necessitated the development of wireless networks that can support high quality of service (QoS) and power control. A node in an ad hoc network is normally battery operated which poses a huge constraint on the power consumption of such a node. Hence, designing a power efficient MAC protocol for ad hoc wireless networks is a major challenge. In this paper, we propose a reservation based, asynchronous MAC protocol called Multi-rate Multi-hop MAC protocol (MMMP) with power control for multi-hop ad hoc networks. The protocol conserves power and provides QoS guarantees for multimedia traffic. MMMP with power control achieves this by having every node maintain two reservation tables to keep track of ongoing transmissions. It calculates the appropriate transmission power (i.e the power level high enough to reach the destination node rather than transmitting at maximum power) based on node distances, which results in energy savings without causing throughput degradation. Simulation results obtained using the C programming language indicate that MMMP-power control outperforms IEEE 802.11 in all performance metrics and can efficiently handle a large range of traffic intensity. It also outperforms other similar state of the art MAC protocols.

In this paper, a performance analysis study for VoIP over mobile wireless ad hoc networks (MANET) is carried out using OPNET tool. The AODV, DSR, TORA, OLSR, and GRP routing protocols have been used as candidates to evaluate the impact of routing on quality of service (QoS) of VoIP application over MANET networks. Three different queuing mechanisms (FIFO, PQ, and WFQ) have been used also as nominee of queuing techniques. The VoIP is applied and the QoS is measured in terms of jitter delay, end-to-end packet delay, and wireless LAN media access delay and wireless throughput of 802.11 g technology with 54 Mbps.

Various industrial, scientific and commercial processes involve wireless mesh networks in the recent days. These technologies improve communication technology to a large extent which has led to an increase in utilization of these systems in various fields. In application with intense and complex data flow, improving the quality of service (QoS) has been a challenge and a focus of research leading to more advanced wireless communication systems. This paper provides a novel optimization algorithm for improving the QoS in hybrid wireless networks while preventing malware and routing attacks. The concept of QoS and hybrid wireless networks are examined at the initial stage. Further, the algorithm for optimizing the service quality in the network is proposed accordingly. The ability of data transfer is benefited by data packets in this algorithm. Load distribution is performed such that overcrowding is prevented and information routing is done efficiently though the nodes. Delay or routing is created and control messages are sent for withholding data when certain nodes are overcrowded. This reduces the delay created by overcrowding by 50% while maintaining the permittivity.

In the last few years, wearable health monitoring systems have gained the attention of various researchers in order to cope with the rising cost of the health care systems. This paper addresses the use of standard protocols, particularly IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee, which are capable of supporting the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements in Wireless Body Area Networks. Simulation study on the routing protocols was done to investigate the protocol suitable for Body Area Networks and AODV was found to meet the requirements of energy and QoS.

Fuzzy logic based cross-layer design to improve Quality of Service in Mobile ad-hoc networks for Next-gen Cyber Physical System

To guarantee the real-time transmission for time-sensitive traffic, we need to take delay-bound quality-of-service (QoS) into account when designing the wireless cellular networks. The traditional powerful QoS guarantee technique, called the homogeneous statistical QoS provisioning, assumes that the QoS provisioning of each link can be individually processed. In order to further significantly increase the global system throughput, the available resources of all links need to be jointly controlled, which is typically suitable for downlink transmissions over wireless cellular networks. Under this setup, we need to consider the diverse delay-bound QoS provisionings for different links at the same time, which represents the new heterogeneous statistical QoS provisioning framework and imposes many new challenges not encountered before in wireless networks. To overcome these problems, in this paper we propose the heterogeneous statistical QoS provisioning framework for high-speed downlink transmissions in wireless cellular networks. In particular, we formulate the optimization problem to maximize the downlink throughput subject to heterogeneous statistical delay-bound QoS requirements. For solving this optimization problem, we develop the heterogeneous-QoS-driven power allocation scheme to derive the closed-form solutions which can maximize the global system throughput while guaranteeing the heterogeneous delay-bound QoS for the entire wireless cellular networks. We show that the heterogeneous-QoS-driven power allocation provides more generic framework for downlink transmissions. The extensive simulation results obtained show that our proposed heterogeneous-QoS-driven power allocation scheme can achieve the global optimization of wireless resource efficiency, thus significantly increasing the global system throughput as compared with the homogeneous statistical delay-bound QoS provisioning schemes.

One of the challenging tasks of current generation wireless networks consist of supporting service continuity when users roam around different networks such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Cellular networks. This happens especially when dealing with applications such as multimedia streaming that distribute time continuous data with stringent Quality of Service (QoS) requirements like bandwidth, jitter, delay and packet loss. Session handover can solve this problem by ensuring service continuity through minimization of flow interruptions when users are mobile. Building upon a new Bayesian Belief framework, this paper proposes a context-aware handoff decision process that uses a multi-criteria decision making model to support QoS-based mobility in wireless networks. Using the widely deployed Hugin Expert Bayesian belief support tool, we illustrate its deployment in a network environment where mobility decisions are taken to roam around Wi-Fi or Bluetooth networks.

The wireless mesh network is a new emerging technology that will change the world of industrial networks connectivity to more efficient and profitable. Mesh networks consist of static wireless nodes and mobile customer; have emerged as a key technology fornew generation networks. The Quality of Service (QOS) is designed to promote and support multimedia applications (audio and video), real time. However guarantee of QoS on wireless networks is a difficult problem by comparison at its deployment in a wired IP network. In this paper, we present an efficient routing protocol named as “QoS- Cluster Based Routing Protocol” (Q-CBRP) to support QoS in Wireless Mesh Network.