A reliability field surveillance program

Reliability analysis for complex electromechanical multi-state systems utilizing universal generating function techniques

Problem. This article addresses the issue of developing environmentally friendly vehicles and their electronic and electromechanical components. It provides an analytical review of advanced electromechanical technologies utilized in the creation of Tesla electric cars. Specifically, the study analyzes the electronic stability control system, active pneumatic suspension, and electric power steering. The perspective of electric cars lies in their ability to meet the economic requirements of modernity and align with the "Zero Emission" paradigm. The obtained results can serve as recommendations for the development of electronic and electromechanical systems and complexes of electric vehicles, benefiting scientific and technical professionals engaged in the creation of environmentally friendly vehicles. Goal. This study aims to analyze the advanced technologies used in the development of electronic and electromechanical systems of Tesla electric cars. Methodology. The research employs an analytical study of the characteristics of the electronic and electromechanical systems of Tesla electric cars to achieve the set goal. It includes a detailed analysis of the electronic stability control system, active pneumatic suspension, and electric power steering. Results. An analysis of scientific publications reveals that the problem of creating environmentally friendly and energy-efficient vehicles is currently being solved through the use of electric drives powered by traction batteries. Modern electric cars have overcome drawbacks such as low dynamics, limited range, and low maximum speed, surpassing similar internal combustion engine vehicles in these aspects. Tesla electric cars are currently the most technologically advanced and promising in this field. The analysis focuses on the technical solutions and advanced technologies employed in Tesla Model S electric cars, specifically the electronic stability control system, active pneumatic suspension, and electric power steering. The conducted research allows for an assessment of the current state of electronic and electromechanical systems in electric cars and provides insights into their future development. Originality. The results of this research provide a comprehensive understanding of the present state of electronic and electromechanical systems in Tesla electric cars. It enables a detailed analysis and exploration of the advanced technologies used in the development of Tesla electric cars and their distinctive features. Practical Value. The research findings contribute to identifying promising directions for the development of contemporary electronic and electromechanical systems in electric vehicles. They serve as a basis for creating recommendations concerning electronic stability control systems, active pneumatic suspension, and electric power steering, which can be valuable to scientific and technical professionals involved in the development of environmentally friendly vehicles.

a national defense policy, and in particular in their relation to deterrence. In the course of the last twenty years there has been a considerable growth in methods and theories concerning different aspects of human behavior. In particular, in situations involving conscious choice under conditions of possible conflict or cooperation there has been a development in political science, mathematical economics, programming, psychology, simulation, gaming, and game theory. For several years an expectation was built up that game-theoretical models would make an immediate operational contribution to the applied art and hoped-for science of weapons control. The diplomat, the general, and the social scientist, when confronted with the ill-defined and the uncontrollable, have often hoped for a witchmedicine to solve their problems. A common modern formula for the powerful witch medicine contains a game-theoretic model and a large digital computer. Unfortunately, neither the growth of methodology nor technology by itself can solve problems which require a deep substantive knowledge. This does not mean that the new

Identification methods for the dynamic systems are considered with respect to electric drives. It is shown that electric drives are complex electromechanical systems, the mechanical part of which is multimass and contains elements with elastic connections. The features of these systems that require considering the gaps in gear units when solving modeling and identification problems; elasticity arising in the shafts; stiffness change of elastic elements in couplings. It is noted that the identification problem of electric drives is a subproblem of managing the state of electromechanical systems. The basis of methods and algorithms for its solution is a set is information about the performance limits of the electric drive. It is shown that identification of the controlled parameters of the electric drive requires using statistical methods based on the expansion of the pulse transient functions to a series of the orthonormal Laguerre transformed system of functions. The method has been proposed in order to assess the condition of the electric drive during operation. This method involves setting the performance limits as a set of boundary points. A distinctive feature of the method is the high identification accuracy.

During the past ten years, a gap has developed between large digital computers and manual computing methods. This is particularly true with regard to the analyses and design of structural members. The increasing availability of large computer systems and their associated software, coupled with a dramatic reduction in cost, has placed computer analysis capability well within reach of most structural engineering offices. Member forces can be readily determined using either special frame analysis programs or general purpose programs which are available on commercial computer systems. However, once the member design forces are determined, the engineer must revert to hand calculations for determining and checking the design of the individual members. These calculations can become monotonous and time consuming for a structure of even modest size. Furthermore, such calculations tend to become inaccurate and insufficient. For example, a designer may accept a given section as adequate without trying other possibilities which may lead to a more efficient design. This paper has illustrated the use of a hand-held programmable calculator for the strength design of steel frames. Although the process is only semi-automatic, it still saves the designer from having to perform the rather mundane calculations involved with member selection and checking. Its main attraction is the low cost and ready availability of the calculators, plus the fact that the calculation can be done at the designers desk without extensive data preparation. The procedures assume that the design forces are known. Therefore, a force analysis will have to be done on a larger computer system. It should also be noted that the use of this type of design procedure allows complete interaction of the engineer with this design process. Therefore, engineering judgment decisions can be made and incorporated in the design as it progresses.

High reliability and security have become the hallmarks of complex electromechanical systems. Owing to the difficulties in fault data collection, ambiguity and uncertainty have been inevitably associated with complex electromechanical systems. Thus, the ability to perform reliability evaluation using scarce fault data is of immense significance to these machines and is the focus of this study. A similarity based cloud model is proposed to evaluate the running state of complex electromechanical systems. By combining objective and subjective factors, the reliability of complex electromechanical systems is evaluated by calculating the similarity between the cloud models of actual and standardised states. Next, the inverter of an offshore wind turbine is used to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach. The cloud model based framework for reliability evaluation inherits the preponderance of the uncertainty problem, overcomes the drawbacks of the current reliability approaches, and provides a theoretical basis, as well as a practical approach for the maintenance and repair of complex electromechanical systems with missing fault data. Additionally, it also provides a new methodology for solving the uncertainty problems caused by paucity of data.

Our method enables the responses of primary converters to be linearized in a practical way in the context of optimal filtering of input signals that reflect the measured parameters in the vast majority of technical objects. The circuits provide faithful and reliable restoration of measured experimental data without extra consumption of working memory and computer time on routine conversion of calibration characteristics. This is extremely important when developing digital computing complexes and real time systems, using large digital computers and minicomputers.

The Bull Run supercritical unit was simulated by a linearized mathematical model based entirely on physical laws and design data, using an approach verified by comparison of an earlier simulation with field tests. A large set of differential and algebraic equations was solved to obtain transient responses. These responses were matched by transfer functions to obtain a process model which represented all significant plant inputs and outputs. In this study, appropriate use was made of a small digital computer, a large digital computer, and an analog computer. The process model of the Bull Run unit is believed to be the most detailed mathematical model which has been obtained for a supercritical electrical generation unit.

Laboratory aids for development of electromechanical systems are described in this paper. Standardized components for ``mocking up'' complex electromechanical systems have proved to be time-saving aids in laboratory work at the Sperry Gyroscope Company, Inc. Illustrations are shown of laboratory setups using these components and descriptions are given of the more generally used mechanical and electronic components.

At present, complex electromechanical systems are widely used in modern society. By evaluating complex electromechanical systems, it is of great value to improve and upgrade them. Given the complex and interrelated characteristics of performance indicators, this paper establishes the performance evaluation indicator system of a complex electromechanical system, proposes to calculate the weight of each indicator by an improved analytic hierarchy process, revises the indicator weight by entropy weight method, and then adopts fuzzy synthesis evaluation method to evaluate the comprehensive effectiveness of a complex electromechanical system quantitatively. Through the example analysis, it is proved that this method provides an effective way for the effectiveness evaluation of complex electromechanical systems.

An empirical model intended for describing the aerodynamic torque acting upon Savonius rotor is proposed. This model allows for parametric analysis of complex mechanical and electromechanical systems containing Savonius rotor using methods of the general mechanics and the theory of dynamical systems. The model is verified using wind tunnel experiments. As an example, a wheeled cart driven by Savonius rotor is considered. Numerical simulation of dynamics of such cart is performed.

In order to better solve the problem of insufficient support ability of high-tech electromechanical system, the cloud computing model was introduced into fault diagnostics system of electromechanical system. An open, loose-coupled architecture of Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) for electromechanical system is put forward basing on Service- Oriented Cloud Computing Architecture (SOCCA). Test and diagnosis resources of repair shop at all levels and total life cycle information resources of electromechanical system were integrated by Portable Maintenance Aid (PMA) with cloud diagnostics platform. According to different demands, Test and diagnosis resources can be divided into data, software, platform and infrastructure, which can be provided on demand to maintainer of all levels as a service. This allows more complex maintenance issues to be accomplished at Forward Operating Locations (FOLs) by better utilizing the most relevant diagnostic information to enable direct, real-time, and engineering assistance when needed. Organizational Level (O-Level) IDS can effectively improve O-level maintainer support ability of complex electromechanical system.

A combined physics of failure and Bayesian network reliability analysis method for complex electronic systems

Some new relationships between the sound pressure at certain points in the farfield and the radiation impedance for certain acoustic sources have been derived from the Helmholtz integral formula. Under special conditions these relationships reduce to exact analytical solutions of problems that can otherwise only be solved numerically. For example, for a cylinder of arbitrary cross sectional shape with the ends vibrating uniformly and the sides motionless the farfield pressure in the direction of the cylinder axis is simply related to the radiation impedance. Such relationships provide helpful checkpoints for evaluating the success of some of the elaborate numerical methods which are currently being developed for attacking previously unsolved acoustic radiation problems with large digital computers. In certain cases, they can also provide new methods for determining radiation impedance from farfield calculations or possibly from farfield measurements. [Work supported by U. S. Navy Underwater Sound Laboratory.]

(1956) N. Rochester, J. H. Holland, L. H. Haibt, and W. L. Duda, "Tests on a cell assembly theory of the action of the brain, using a large digital computer," IRE Transactions on Information Theory IT-2: 80-93