A study on ontology-driven geospatial-information retrieving in the Semantic Web

Collaborative Virtual Enterprise (CVE) is a new paradigm for industry and it imposes significant challenges on effective operation. In this paper, we formalized a top-down methodology for designing and developing service-oriented CVE with rich semantic support. This methodology facilitates automatic execution of virtual business process via service composition. The semantic notion is emphasized as semantic web services technologies (i.e. OWL-S) have become an integrated and essential part of our top-down methodology. The methodology has been applied to manufacturing sector for a virtual enterprise which has the business proposition of effective and efficient business process. To our knowledge, this is among the first attempts to use Semantic Web and Web services technologies in such a scale and sophistication.

Several e-business frameworks are developed to define standards for information sharing within and between companies. These frameworks only standardize structure of messages and aren't able to define semantics. It leads to slow and costly dynamic Business-to-Business (B2B) integration. The use of Semantic Web Service (SWS) technologies has been suggested to enable more dynamic B2B integration of heterogeneous systems and partners. We present a semantic B2B mediator based on the WSMX-a SWS execution environment, to tackle heterogeneities in B2B services. We particularly show how WSMX can be made to support the RosettaNet e-business framework and how it can add dynamics to B2B interactions by automating mediation of heterogeneous messages. We used a reasoner in interaction with WSMX for automatic consistency checking of instances in runtime. The benefits of applying SWS technologies include more flexibility in accepting heterogeneity in B2B integrations and easing back-end integrations. This allows introducing more competition into the purchasing process within e-business frameworks.

In mass services environment, how to schedule resources efficiently and reliably in the Fourth Party Logistics is a hot topic recently. Semantic web and web service technology are introduced into our project on the background of 4PL. The starting point of our work is to define service conceptions, semantic matching and reasoning in logistic. Then, two-stage solution algorithm (TSSA) is proposed which always can figure out solutions with low time-consuming and makes the platform more interactive. In the 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> stage, a semantic-driven dynamic logistic services composition algorithm is offered in the project, which is the improvement of classical Ant Colony algorithm. It can figure out a couple of logistic service paths at one time and the paths are the input of the 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> stage. TSSA optimize the results based on Q OS and complexity of TSSA is polynomial-time which is much better than that of classical Ant Colony algorithm‥ In order to improve calculation for QoS, a trust and reputation enhanced QoS calculation method is presented on the light of Bayes learning theory. At last, with implementing TSSA in different logistic environments and compared its results with that of classical Ant Colony algorithm, the results show that TSSA can quickly and effectively get solutions meeting customers' requirements well.

Semantic Web Service technology provides a strong support for automation software development based on Web service. By analyzing the existing description models and methods of semantic Web service, a Semantic Web Service Description Model (WSDM4S) and its formal description based on SHOIN+(D) are proposed, which attempt to offer an effective model for description, publication, discovery, composition, and execution of Web services based on semantic description. And a Semantic Web Service Description Language (WSDL4S) based on XML is designed to support the WSDM4S. Based on WSDL4S, Web Services could be packaged into basic semantic unit of semantic software development.

The Web, as we know it, is a collection of human readable pages that are virtually unintelligible to computer programs. For that reason, it has been called the “eyeball” Web. While the Web emerged as a World Wide repository of digitized information, by and large, the very same information is not available for automatic computation. In recent years two parallel efforts emerged that have the potential of overcoming this paradox: the first effort is the Semantic Web which provides the tools for the explicit markup of the content of Web pages; the second effort is the development of Web Services which results in a Web where programs act as independent agents to become the producers and consumers of information and enable automation of business transactions.In this talk I will focus on research that attempts to bridge the gap between the Web as we know it, the Semantic Web and Web services. Under this approach, I propose the vision of Web services as autonomous goal-directed agents which select other agents to interact with, and flexibly negotiate their interaction model, acting at times in client server mode, or at other times in peer to peer mode. The resulting Web services, that I call Autonomous Semantic Web services, utilize ontologies and semantically annotated Web pages to automate the fulfillment of tasks and transactions with other Web agents. In particular, Autonomous Semantic Web services use the Semantic Web to support capability based discovery and interoperation at run time. A first step towards this vision is the development of formal languages and inference mechanisms for representing and reasoning with core concepts of Web services. DAML-S (the Darpa Agent Markup Language for Services) is the first attempt to define such a language. I will give a brief overview of DAML-S and its relations with the Semantic Web and Web services. In addition, I will provide concrete examples of computational models of how DAML-S can be viewed as the first step in bridging the gap between the Semantic Web and current proposed industry standards for Web services. I will provide concrete examples of DAML-S in action, discuss challenges still open in the bridging between the Semantic Web and Web services and provide a roadmap to get us from today’s Web to the Web of autonomous Semantic Web services.KeywordsFormal LanguageCore ConceptDigitize InformationAutomatic ComputationBusiness TransactionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Services are an increasingly important part of the Web, and they are a necessary component of the Semantic Web. Semantic Web Services (SWS) are a research effort towards automation of the use of Web services, enhancing existing SOA capabilities with intelligent and automated integration. Recently, we have introduced WSMO-Lite, a lightweight service ontology intended for semantic annotations of the Web Service Description Language WSDL. In contrast to preceding SWS frameworks such as OWL-S and WSMO, WSMO-Lite simplifies the semantic descriptions and enables bottom-up semantic annotation of Web services, but very importantly, it also relaxes the requirements on completeness of semantic descriptions, which enables building incremental layers of semantics on top of existing service descriptions. In this work, we describe various useful subsets of the extent of semantic annotation on Web services with respect to the requirements of SWS automation tasks; and we detail the means of validating SWS descriptions with flexible levels of strictness.

Existing approaches to Semantic Web Services (SWS) require a domain ontology and a semantic description of the service. In the case of lightweight SWS approaches, such as SAWSDL, service description is achieved by semantically annotating existing web service interfaces. Other approaches such as OWL-S and WSMO describe services in a separate ontology. So, existing approaches separate service description from domain description, therefore increasing design efforts. We propose EXPRESS a lightweight approach to SWS that requires the domain ontology definition only. Its simplicity stems from the similarities between REST and the Semantic Web such as resource realization, self describing representations, and uniform interfaces. The semantics of a service is elicited from a resource's semantic description in the domain ontology and the semantics of the uniform interface, hence eliminating the need for ontologically describing services. We provide an example that illustrates EXPRESS and then discuss how it compares to SA-REST and WSMO.

Semantic Web services are self describing programs that can be searched, understood and used by other programs. Despite the advantages Semantic Web services provide, specially for building agent based systems, there is a need for mechanisms to enable agents to discover Semantic Web services. This paper describes an extension of the MoviLog agent platform for searching Web services taking into account their semantic descriptions. Preliminary experiments showing encouraging results are also reported.

The convergence of the Semantic Web and Grid technologies has resulted in the Semantic Grid. The great effort devoted in by the Semantic Web community to achieve the semantic markup of Web services (what we call Semantic Web Services) has yielded many markup technologies and initiatives, from which the Semantic Grid technology should benefit as, in recent years, it has become Web service-oriented. Keeping this fact in mind, our first premise in this work is to reuse the ODESWS Framework for the Knowledge-based markup of Grid services. Initially ODESWS was developed to enable users to annotate, design, discover and compose Semantic Web Services at the Knowledge Level. But at present, if we want to reuse it for annotating Grid services, we should carry out a detailed study of the characteristics of Web services and Grid services and thus, we will learn where they differ and why. Only when this analysis is performed should we know how to extend our theoretical framework for describing Grid services. Finally, we present the ODESGS Framework, which is the result of having applied the extensions identified to the aforementioned Semantic Web Services description framework.

This chapter introduces the emerging technology of Semantic Web services. It concentrates on two dominant specifications in this domain, namely OWL-S (Web ontology language for services) and WSMO (Web services modeling ontology). We briefly introduce Web services and Semantic Web, two main technologies underlying the Semantic Web services technology and then explain most of the key features of this technology together with simplified examples. We discuss three aspects of Semantic Web services: specifications for semantic descriptions of services, intelligent discovery and selection of services using semantic descriptions, and finally, building more complex services by composing existing ones. Our main goal in this chapter is not only to present an abstract view of this technology but also the introduction of the technical details of the two existing specifications.

Semantic Web service matchmaking is the process of searching the space of possible matches between demands and supplies, and finds the best available ones. To achieve this, the semantic Web service matchmaking framework is one of the absolutely necessary components of service oriented architecture. This paper proposes a matchmaking framework based on Description Logic for semantic Web service described by RDF4S model, a novel semantic Web service description which consists of three layers: service oriented knowledge base, semantic description model and semantic description language. We describe the service description and service query conditions by using the ontologies that are included in service oriented knowledge base. The service resource specification is described according to Description Logics syntax and a Description Logic reasoner is used to compare service descriptions. By representing the semantics of service descriptions, the matchmaker enables the behavior of an intelligent agent to approach more closely that of a human user trying to locate suitable Web service resources.

A semantic web service environment for B2B and B2C auction applications within extended and virtual enterprises

Existing spatial information resources in Internet are domain-oriented and GIS platform-dependent. Each spatial information resource is heterogeneous and becomes an information island. How to let those spatial information islands become sharable and interoperable, how to help Internet users locate and access to their interested spatial information fast and accurately, ..., are focus problems of Geoscience, and are also key technologies for Digital Earth and Spatial Information Infrastructure. An Open Spatial Information Sharing Framework (OSISF) is presented to attempt to solve those problems. OSISF is a services model that supports spatial information share and interoperation. OSISF separates service and information into different resources in Internet, and metadata is used to describe the features of resource.

The use of Semantic Web Service (SWS) technologies have been suggested to enable more dynamic B2B integration of heterogeneous systems and partners. We present how we add semantics to RosettaNet specifications to enable the WSMX SWS environment to automate mediation of messages. The benefits of applying SWS technologies include flexibility in accepting heterogeneity in B2B integrations.

Semantic Web Services are a search effort to automate the usage of Web services, a necessary component for the Semantic Web. Traditionally, Web service discovery depends on detail formal semantic descriptions of available services. Since a complete detailed service is not always feasible, the client software cannot select the best service offer for a given user goal only by using the static service descriptions. Dynamic discovery based on semantic description of services is an essential aspect of the Semantic Web Service integration process Some data needs to be obtained during run0time because not all data required for service discovery can always be included in service descriptions. This paper shows when and why complete semantic description is unfeasible and it defines the role and position of offer discovery. We propose an approach for offer discovery of semantic web services using OWL-S IDE during discovery process. We also present the algorithm, the implementation and some preliminary results.