Action systems in pipelined processor design

Dynamic symbol size modulation is a type modulation which could provide a fast transmission speed by removing the redundant symbol as compared to fixed symbol size modulation. The dynamic nature of the symbol created an additional problem in hardware design as the size of the symbol needed to be defined clearly and it cannot be changed and altered once the design has been generated. Thus, to address the issue, this research investigated the best implementation method and performance study of fixed and dynamic symbol size digital baseband modulation for an optical communication system in FPGA hardware design. KCU105 FPGA development board and Vivado software were chosen as the main platform to implement the design. A new Dynamic-Parallel Input Serial Output (D-PISO) architecture to implement dynamic symbol size baseband modulation in FPGA is created. Next, by using D-PISO architecture, dynamic symbol size modulation namely 8-reverse dual header pulse interval modulation (8-RDHPIM), 8-digital pulse interval modulation (8-DPIM) and fixed symbol size modulation 8-pulse position modulation (8-PPM) were fully implemented in the FPGA which has a transmitter and receiver module. An experimental comparative study was then carried out for each modulation technique. The main parameters investigated were symbol error rate performances. From the results, it can be concluded that for a power-limited system, 8-PPM could be selected as it can maintain a small number of symbol error rate (SER) even during low power transmission which is around -6 dBm. On the other hand, the 8-DPIM and 8-RDHPIM that achieved the transmission speed of 33.3 Mbps and 27.27 Mbps are suitable for systems that require high data speed and minimal clock synchronization.

In order to fill the research gap of energy efficient hardware design in natural language processing, this project reports the designing of an energy efficient Gurumukhi Unicode Reader on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). To avoid transmission line reflection, a usual problem in hardware design, impedances of transmission line, device and port should be equal. In order to avoid transmission line reflection and make the design energy efficient too, we are using low voltage variants of CMOS: LVCMOS (Low Voltage Complementary Metal oxide Semiconductor) and TTL: LVTTL (Low Voltage Transistor Transistor Logic) I/O standards were used in this project. There is 58.33% and 58.97% decrease in IO power dissipation with LVCMOS12, in compare to LVCMOS25 for 625MHz and 1GHz respectively, with no significant changes in clock power, leakage power and junction temperature. This design is also tested on 25MHz, 125MHz and 25GHz operating frequency with four different LVCMOS.

It has been observed that amongst all the 22 languages being used Devanagari script is being the primary and most widely used script. Devanagari is used for writing the Hindi language in India. In this paper Energy Efficient Devanagari Unicode Reader has been designed. Devanagari is used for writing the Hindi language in India. In this paper Devanagari Unicode Reader code has been implemented on Xilinx ISE Design Suite 14.2 and the results of 28nm FPGA platform has been compared with the 40nm technology. Impedances of transmission line, port and device should be equal in order to avoid reflection in transmission line which is a usual problem in hardware design. So SSTL logic family has been used at input and output ports so as to avoid such reflections. The power analyses had been done at different frequencies ranging from 1 THZ to 1 MHZ using different IO standards of SSTL logic family. Out of 40nm (Virtex -6) and 28nm(Artix-7),maximum power has been saved in case of 28nm(Artix-7) when the device is operating at frequency of 1MHZ on SSTL18IIOstandard.

Modular design is a key challenge for enabling large-scale reuse of hardware modules. Unlike software, however, hardware designs correspond to physical circuits and inherit constraints from them. Timing constraints—which cycle a signal arrives, when an input is read—and structural constraints—how often a multiplier accepts new inputs—are fundamental to hardware interfaces. Existing hardware design languages do not provide a way to encode these constraints; a user must read documentation, build scripts, or in the worst case, a module’s implementation to understand how to use it. We present Filament, a language for modular hardware design that supports the specification and enforcement of timing and structural constraints for statically scheduled pipelines. Filament usestimeline types, which describe the intervals of clock-cycle time when a given signal is available or required. Filament enablessafe compositionof hardware modules, ensures that the resulting designs are correctly pipelined, and predictably lowers them to efficient hardware.

In order to fully verify the correctness of the design, random test generators are usually used in microprocessor verification. In this paper, a random cyclic testing system called RCTS is designed for multi-core and heterogeneous many-core processors. RCTS supports FPGA verification and can verify hardware logic and integrated implementation at design stage. RCTS also supports the verification of prototype chips. Especially in the system-level hardware-software co-verification, it can find hard-to-expose hardware design problems. RCTS can completely eliminate the need for architectural simulators to compare the results, so it can reduce the verification time and improve the verification efficiency.

One of the major challenges in commercializable micro-nano systems development is the high cost and turnaround that are incurred through multiple product-optimization iterations and expensive fabrication processes for specific systems. Development of complex and heterogeneous micro-nano systems, that are only possible through assembly and not by conventional surface machining approaches, are further impeded by lack of standard design rules and off-the-shelf robotic manipulation systems. Dedicated hardware and system specific component designs, although possible, are not commercially viable for addressing the wide range of opportunities that exists in the prevailing micro-nano domain. In this paper, we present an alternative and holistic top-down approach for micro-nano manufacturing using modular part designs and flexible assembly systems. We incorporate, seamlessly, multiple novel algorithms related to microrobotics and scaling of physics, obtained both analytically as well as experimentally; in order to predict, track and control the uncertainty propagation in a typical manufacturing process, in micro-nano scale, throughout production steps including design, machining, setup, assembly, testing etc. We demonstrate, through multiple examples, the implementation of the proposed framework in micro-nano scale manufacturing.

Modular equipment design in optimization-based process synthesis

The use of deep sub-micron technology raises a number of concerns about reliability in VLSI circuits. Shrinking geometries and reduced power supplies leave the circuits vulnerable to 'soft' and transient errors. The combination of high clock speed and large circuit area result in high power consumption and skew in clock distribution. This paper investigates the use of concurrent error detection (CED) and asynchronous design to overcome these problems. Four pipelined processor designs are compared - two synchronous, two asynchronous with one of each type using CED. Initial results indicate an area overhead of 12% in return for a fault coverage of 98.54% of all unidirectional errors. Additionally, the asynchronous CED processor has an area overhead of only 4% when compared to the synchronous non-CED design.

This study explores the intelligent design method of customized furniture based on modular theory and artificial intelligence technology, aiming to improve design efficiency and customer satisfaction. The research focuses on how to optimize the customized furniture design process through modular design and artificial intelligence technology, achieving a balance between personalization and cost-effectiveness. The research methods involve building modular design processes, utilizing artificial intelligence to assist in module selection and combination optimization, and applying augmented reality technology in design. The results showed that the proposed model performed the best on the training set, with an accuracy of 92%, a precision of 88%, a recall of 90%, an F1 score of 89%, an area under the curve ratio of 95%, and a logarithmic loss of 0.21. The corresponding values on the validation set decreased to 89%, 85%, 86%, 85%, and 93%, while the logarithmic loss increased to 0.28. In addition, in the performance comparison, the structural similarity index value of the model increased from 0.350 to 0.912, and the peak signal-to-noise ratio increased from 13.542 decibels to 22.759 decibels, demonstrating good performance. These evaluation metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score) were used to assess the classification performance of the AI model in selecting optimal module combinations and generating rendered design schemes that best match user preferences. The proposed approach, named Modular Customized Furniture Intelligent Design System (MoCFIDS), integrates modular theory with AI-assisted module optimization and augmented reality for design validation. Comparative experiments with state-of-the-art models such as CycleGAN and MUNIT showed that MoCFIDS significantly outperformed them in terms of SSIM, PSNR, and computational efficiency, highlighting its superior capability in producing high-quality, user-preferred furniture designs. The research significance lies in the fact that the modular intelligent design method for customized furniture has improved the efficiency and quality of customized furniture design, delivering more personalized and cost-effective design outcomes.

With the development of industrialization, application of pipe is becoming more and more. The traditional pipe cutting method cannot meet the market demand. CNC cutting can make up for the deficiency of traditional manual cutting, a kind of cutting robot control system based on Trio motion controller is designed in this paper, the design of hardware and software is done. The system uses modular design, greatly improving the efficiency of software development, so that the system has good openness and portability. The use of double CPU mode can ensure the reliability and processing speed. This system can be used in cutting robot.

As the brain of intelligent satellites, the on-board integrated electronic system is the core system in the overall design of smart satellites. Based on modular integrated electronic technology, this paper innovatively adopts system engineering methods to uniformly design the information processing, control and management procedures, hardware and software equipment of intelligent satellites to realize the sharing of information resource and the optimization of the entire satellite system, which takes the lead in the research area of intelligent satellites in China. The research content mainly includes hardware architecture design and software network architecture design of intelligence satellites. In terms of hardware architecture, creative ideas of modular and open structure design are adopted, and standardized interfaces are designed for on-board hardware, realizing efficient integration and plug-and-play of satellite hardware. As for the software network architecture, the hierarchical design is inventively adopted to facilitate the reuse of software resources; through the unified deployment of on-board computing resources, the ability of autonomous management of tasks and the autonomous processing of data is improved to facilitate rapid application. The overall ingenious design has the characteristics of openness, versatility and flexibility, and meets the application requirements of intelligent satellites.

In resource constraint environment, business operates by “doing it right the first time” for timely production and effective delivery. Modular design, Interchangeable systems and “Leagile” manufacturing are essential tools for coping with variable demands. We discuss manufacturing system design & its importance for firm’s competitiveness by operationalizing competitiveness in terms of profit share and understanding mediation of interchangeability between modular design and market share. Our findings suggest that modular design provides an enterprise to explore new customer base, focus on niche market and start on a new learning curve.

Modular design process is a complicated process with multiple steps. From the system level, this paper regards the modular design process as a natural system and analyze it so as to improve the sustainability and intelligence of the modular design system and make it better adapt to the changes of the enterprises. Through analyzing the deficiencies of the modular design process, this paper studies its development demands. Based on the overall and local analysis of the modular design system and considering the modular design process from the system level, this paper puts forward autopoietic modular design model and studies the running mechanism of the autopoietic modular design system. It analyzes the problems faced by the autopoietic modular design system and researches corresponding solutions. Customized mechanical products such as special vehicles have been particularly suitable for applying this new approach.

Module selection is one of the many functions which have to be performed during behavioral synthesis of pipelined designs. Module selection is the process of choosing the types of modules (e.g. carry-look-ahead adder) to implement each operation (e.g. addition). In this paper, we give a limited solution to the module selection problem for pipelined designs. A model for estimating area-time tradeoffs [3] for pipelined designs is used to formulate the module selection problem, and an overview of the solution technique is given. Complexities introduced by non-optimal designs and user constraints are also addressed. The results have been validated using designs generated by an automated pipeline synthesis program.

Modular fixture configuration design is a complicated task requiring both intensive knowledge and experience. Automated or semi-automated computer aided modular fixture systems based on CAD packages do not appear to have made a significant impact within the manufacturing industry. Modular fixture designers still prefer traditional systems such as paper or physical model; as such models provide a more intuitive interaction and immediate feedback. In this paper, a novel virtual reality (VR)-based system for interactive modular fixture configuration design is presented. A multi-view based modular fixture assembly model is presented, which is convenient for information representation and management. In addition, the suggested strategy is both compatible with the principles of virtual environment, and can make easy the reutilize of element model. Finally, a fixture configuration design example is given to illustrate the application and effectiveness of the presented method.