An efficient certificateless anonymous signcryption communication scheme for vehicular adhoc network

PCAS: Cryptanalysis and improvement of pairing-free certificateless aggregate signature scheme with conditional privacy-preserving for VANETs

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANET) are the creation of several vehicles communicating with each other in order to create a network capable of communication and data exchange. One of the most promising methods for security and trust amongst vehicular networks is the usage of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). However, current implementations of PKI as a security solution for determining the validity and authenticity of vehicles in a VANET is not efficient due to the usage of large amounts of delay and computational overhead. In this paper, we investigate the potential of PKI when predictively and preemptively passing along certificates to roadside units (RSU) in an effort to lower delay and computational overhead in a dynamic environment. We look to accomplish this through utilizing fog computing and propose a new protocol to pass certificates along the projected path.

Vehicular networking is an innovation with a variety of applications such as road safety, traffic efficiency, and autonomous driving. It encompasses vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication to support cooperative communication. However, there are many challenges to secure exchanged messages. Currently, secure data communication in vehicular networks is mostly carried out by central security supporting elements, i.e Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Due to increasing numbers of vehicles, connected and autonomous cars, the corresponding environmental concerns, and the evolved mobility forms, PKI-based security will not be sufficient for the security of the future vehicular ecosystem. Therefore, a new vehicle identity scheme and a novel distributed and autonomous model for recognizing authorized and non-authorized vehicles are needed. Biological systems can provide examples of how evolution has solved similar problems of identifying actors in distributed systems. In ant colonies, for example, nestmate recognition is a distributed and cooperative colony-wide process. Based on the principles at work in an ant colony, we propose a novel, distributed and dynamic, collective and cooperative, intelligence-based recognition of identity in vehicular networks. We will develop detailed analogies between ant colonies and vehicular networks, model the identity recognition processes of social insects, and simplify and tune these models for use in vehicle networks. This will enable a resilient, efficient and secure distributed communication system based on Cyberphysical Identification Component (CIC) profiles.

An efficient authentication scheme with strong privacy preservation for fog-assisted vehicular ad hoc networks based on blockchain and neuro-fuzzy

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a class of automotive self-organizing networks designed to exchange data between vehicles and road infrastructure. In an open environment such as VANET, it is necessary to take into account privacy and security concerns. Authentication, data confidentiality, data integrity, data availability are critical security components in VANET. The article discusses the problem of authentication in VANET networks and investigates the authentication scheme that uses a road side unit infrastructure. Experimental studies in the Veins vehicular network simulator show the advantage of the presented scheme compared to the classical approach based on public key infrastructure in terms of communication overhead.

Vehicular communications networks (VCNs) are created by vehicles equipped with short and medium range wireless communication technology. They include vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. VCNs enable a plethora of important applications and services, ranging from active safety or safety of life applications to traffic information, music/maps download and multi-hop internet connection. Recently, the promises of wireless communications to support vehicular safety applications have led to several national/international projects around the world. These include the consortia like Vehicle Safety Consortium (US), Car-2-Car Communication Consortium (Europe) and Advanced Safety Vehicle Program (Japan), standardization efforts like IEEE 802.11p (WAVE), and field trials like the large-scale Vehicle Infrastructure Integration Program (VII) in the US. All these efforts have as a main goal to improve safety in vehicular environments by the use of wireless communications, but also consider transport efficiency, comfort and environment. In comparison to other communication networks, VCNs come with unique attractive features: unlimited transmission power, predictable mobility and plethora of potential applications. However, to bring its potency to fruition, VCNs have to cope with formidable challenges that include: rapidly changing topology subject to frequent fragmentations and congestions, lack of connectivity redundancy, and the stringent application requirement on real-time and robust message delivery. In this chapter, we present a detailed description of the state of the art of this fast-moving research area pointing to research, projects and standardization efforts that have been done. We explore the unique features and challenges that characterise these highly dynamic networks as well as their requirements with respect to applications, types of communication, self-organization and security. We discuss various forwarding and routing strategies focussing on position-based techniques including ‘anchor-based routing‘. We survey various ‘intelligent flooding’ and information dissemination approaches. Scenarios for highways and cities are taken as example. We conclude by exploring future research directions in this field.

In vehicular networks, drones can enhance performance by enabling real-time data collection, traffic monitoring, and communication optimization. However, due to the large, open, and highly dynamic nature of vehicular networks, ensuring security and achieving lightweight privacy protection are pressing challenges. Additionally, in traditional solutions, the control center (CC) often performs many tasks, leading to excessive computation and communication overhead, creating a system bottleneck. To address these issues, this paper proposes a privacy-preserving authentication scheme for FL in drone-assisted vehicular networks, where model parameter collection and model training are performed by drones in a privacy-preserving manner, significantly reducing the computation and communication overhead on the CC side. Moreover, the proposed scheme ensures strong privacy protection and efficient authentication by using federated learning, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), and the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). The performance evaluation results show that the proposed scheme achieves a 17.3% reduction in computation overhead and a 22.8% reduction in communication overhead compared to existing solutions, highlighting its significant advantages.

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), an application of the Internet of Things (IoT) providing a better intelligent transportation system (ITS), has received substantial attention from both industry and academia. Heterogeneous vehicular communications in VANETs occur when both vehicles and the infrastructure use different cryptographic technologies to exchange safety messages. However, the safety messages between vehicles and the infrastructure are communicated wirelessly; therefore, security issues are a serious concern in this domain. The existing schemes secure the transmission of safety messages with respect to confidentiality, authentication, and nonrepudiation. However, they are inappropriate with respect to efficiency. They cause computational overhead on the receiver and bandwidth overhead in the communications. To cope with this, we propose an elliptic curve cryptosystem-based hybrid signcryption (ECCHSC) protocol that satisfies the security requirements (i.e., message confidentiality, message’s source authentication, message integrity, nonrepudiation, and identity–anonymity) for heterogeneous vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications in a single logical step. This protocol allows secure transmission of a safety message from a vehicle using identity-based cryptography (IDC) to a roadside unit (RSU) using public-key infrastructure (PKI). In addition, the ECCHSC protocol enables the RSU to receive multiple ciphertexts, aggregate them, and de-signcrypt them simultaneously through the batch de-signcryption method, which further improves the performance. The ECCHSC protocol has indistinguishability against adaptive chosen ciphertext attacks (IND-CCA2) and existential unforgeability against adaptive chosen message attacks (EUF-CMAs) in the random oracle model (ROM). The performance analysis of our protocol demonstrates a significant reduction in computational overhead and in communication/storage overhead as compared to the state-of-the-art schemes.

An efficient identity-based signature scheme without bilinear pairing for vehicle-to-vehicle communication in VANETs

Vehicular communication networks is a powerful tool that enables numerous vehicular data services and applications. The rapid growth in vehicles has also resulted in the vehicular network becoming heterogeneous, dynamic, and large-scale, making it hard to meet the strict requirements, such as extremely latency, high mobility, top security, and enormous connections of the fifth-generation network. Previous studies have shown that with the increase in the application of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) on Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) in industries, researchers have exerted considerable efforts to improve vehicular communications. This study presents an exhaustive review of previous works by classifying them based on based on wireless communication, particularly VANET. First, a concise summary of the VANET structure and SDN controller with layers and details of their infrastructure is provided. Second, a description of SDN-VANET applications in different wireless communications, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and VANET is provided with concentration on the examination and comparison of SDN-VANET works on several parameters. This paper also provides a detailed analysis of the open issues and research directions accomplished while integrating the VANET with SDN. It also highlights the current and emerging technologies with use cases in vehicular networks to address the several challenges in the VANET infrastructure. This survey acts as a catalyst in raising the emergent robustness routing protocol, latency, connectivity and security issues of future SDN-VANET architectures.

ID-CEPPA: Identity-based Computationally Efficient Privacy-Preserving Authentication scheme for vehicle-to-vehicle communications

Vehicular network technology has made substantial advancements in recent years in the field of Intelligent Transportation Systems. Vehicular Cloud Computing (VCC) has emerged as a novel paradigm with a substantial increase in data exchange within Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). VCC integrates cloud computing, vehicular networking, and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. It enables Infrastructure-to-Vehicle (I2V), Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), and Vehicle-to-Device (V2D) communication. VCC optimizes vehicle, cloud infrastructure, and IoT resources while addressing significant communication security and vehicle-user privacy challenges. To address these issues, we developed an RFID-based authentication protocol for VCC based on a Henon map using a hash function. In addition, we also incorporated a Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) to resist physical tampering attacks. We validate the protocol’s security formally and informally. The formal security analysis is conducted through a widely used RoR model. We use the Scyther simulation tool to verify the proposed protocol’s security against various attacks. Moreover, we compare the performance of our protocol with similar existing protocols across important performance parameters such as communication and computation overheads and security attributes. The proposed protocol yields substantial improvements, demonstrating a 40.74% reduction in computation overhead and a 13.03% decrease in communication overhead as compared to related protocols, delivering both enhanced performance and resource efficiency. The analysis demonstrates its capacity to support secure communication in the VCC environment and satisfy desirable security attributes.

The Ad-hoc Vehicular networks (VANET) was developed through the implementation of the concepts of ad-hoc mobile networks(MANET), which is swiftly maturing, promising, emerging wireless communication technology nowadays. Vehicular communication enables us to communicate with other vehicles and Roadside Infrastructure Units (RSU) to share information pertaining to the safety system, traffic analysis, Authentication, privacy, etc. As VANETs operate in an open wireless connectivity system, it increases permeable of variant type's security issues. Security concerns, however, which are either generally seen in ad-hoc networks or utterly unique to VANET, present significant challenges. Access Control List (ACL) can be an efficient feature to solve such security issues by permitting statements to access registered specific IP addresses in the network and deny statement unregistered IP addresses in the system. To establish such secured VANETs, the License number of the vehicle will be the Identity Number, which will be assigned via a DNS server by the Traffic Certification Authority (TCA). TCA allows registered vehicles to access the nearest two or more regions. For special vehicles, public access should be restricted by configuring ACL on a specific IP. Smart-card given by TCA can be used to authenticate a subscriber by checking previous records during entry to a new network area. After in-depth analysis of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Packet Loss Ratio (PLR), Average Delay, and Handover Delay, this research offers more secure and reliable communication in VANETs.

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have become an essential part of the intelligent transportation system because they provide secure communication among vehicles, enhance vehicle safety, and improve the driving experience. However, due to the openness and vulnerability of wireless networks, the participating vehicles in a VANET system are prone to a variety of cyberattacks. To secure the privacy of vehicles and assure the authenticity, integrity, and nonrepudiation of messages, numerous signature schemes have been employed in the literature on VANETs. The majority of these solutions, however, are either not fully secured or entail high computational costs. To address the above issues and to enable secure communication between the vehicle and the roadside unit (RSU), we propose a certificateless aggregate signature (CLAS) scheme based on hyperelliptic curve cryptography (HECC). This scheme enables participating vehicles to share their identities with trusted authorities via an open wireless channel without revealing their identities to unauthorized participants. Another advantage of this approach is its capacity to release the partial private key to participating devices via an open wireless channel while keeping its identity secret from any other third parties. A provable security analysis through the random oracle model (ROM), which relies on the hyperelliptic curve discrete logarithm problem, is performed, and we have proven that the proposed scheme is unforgeable against Type 1 (FGR1) and Type 2 (FGR2) forgers. The proposed scheme is compared with relevant schemes in terms of computational cost and communication overhead, and the results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is more efficient than the existing schemes in maintaining high-security levels.

Signcryption is a cryptographic technique that provides both confidentiality and authenticity of data during public transmission in many modern applications like Internet -of -Things (IoT), Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) etc. The functionalities of encryption and Signature can achieve simultaneously through the signcryption with lower computational cost and communication overheads than those of traditional sign-then-encrypt approach. Many signcryption schemes have been constructed by various researchers in different cryptographic frameworks. Certificateless cryptography is one of the recent public key cryptography which eliminates the key escrow problem and complex certificate management problemsin identity based cryptography and traditional public key cryptography respectively. Providing the security and efficiency in many modern applications including IoT and WSNs is a crucial task. In this paper, we proposed new signcryption scheme in certificateless cryptography. This scheme supports the property of public verifiability and is secure against various types of adversaries in the random oracle model with the assumption that the Computational Diffie-Hellman Problem (CDHP) and the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithmic Problems (ECDLP) are hard. Due to pairing-free environment the proposed scheme is computationally more efficient than the existing public verifiable signcryption schemes.