An Intelligent Handover Management System for Future Generation Wireless Networks

Future-generation wireless networks have been envisioned as the integration of various wireless access networks, including both wireless wide area networks and wireless local area networks. In such a heterogeneous network environment, seamless mobility support is the basis of providing uninterrupted wireless services to mobile users roaming between various wireless access networks. Because of transparency to lower-layer characteristics, ease of deployment, and greater scalability, the application-layer-based session initiation protocol has been considered the right candidate for handling mobility in heterogeneous wireless networks. However, SIP entails application-layer transport and processing of messages, which may introduce considerable delay. As a case study of the performance of mobility management protocols in the heterogeneous wireless networks, we analyze the delay associated with vertical handoff using SIP in the WLAN-UMTS internetwork. Analytical results show that WLAN-to-UMTS handoff incurs unacceptable delay for supporting real-time multimedia services, and is mainly due to transmission of SIP signaling messages over erroneous and bandwidth-limited wireless links. On the other hand, UMTS-to-WLAN handoff experiences much less delay, mainly contributed by the processing delay of signaling messages at the WLAN gateways and servers. While the former case requires the deployment of soft handoff techniques to reduce the delay, faster servers and more efficient host configuration mechanisms can do the job in the latter case.

A hybrid (N/M)CHO soft/hard vertical handover technique for heterogeneous wireless networks

Transferring a huge amount of data between different network locations over the network links depends on the network’s traffic capacity and data rate. Traditionally, a mobile device may be moved to achieve the operations of vertical handover, considering only one criterion, that is the Received Signal Strength (RSS). The use of a single criterion may cause service interruption, an unbalanced network load and an inefficient vertical handover. In this paper, we propose an enhanced vertical handover decision algorithm based on multiple criteria in the heterogeneous wireless network. The algorithm consists of three technology interfaces: Long-Term Evolution (LTE), Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). It also employs three types of vertical handover decision algorithms: equal priority, mobile priority and network priority. The simulation results illustrate that the three types of decision algorithms outperform the traditional network decision algorithm in terms of handover number probability and the handover failure probability. In addition, it is noticed that the network priority handover decision algorithm produces better results compared to the equal priority and the mobile priority handover decision algorithm. Finally, the simulation results are validated by the analytical model.

Continuous striving in the development of wireless mobile networks maximizes the possibility of user services and provides experience context rich and personalized services. In this way, for the development towards fully integrated 4G‐all IP network architecture, the interoperability between future generation wireless networks and seamless vertical handover (VHO) has become a crucially important issue. The proposed work is mainly focusing on exploring interoperability issues in heterogeneous networks considering development towards 4G and emphasizing on emerging IEEE 802.21 standard. Further, Simulation results were presented to showcase vertical handover (VHO) performance using IEEE 802.21. Simulation Analysis is done using Network Simulator (NS-2) with seamless mobility package extension.

Particle swarm optimization application for multiple attribute decision making in vertical handover in heterogenous wireless networks

Next-generation wireless networks should be able to coordinate and integrate different communication systems. It has been a challenging problem to support a seamless handover in these diverse wireless network environments. Link level triggers can provide information about events which can help handover decision and layer 3 entities better streamline their handover related activities. In most conventional layer 2 triggering approaches, a pre-defined threshold for a specific perspective such as the received signal strength is used. This may cause too late or too early handover executions. In this paper we propose a new predictive handover framework that uses the neighbor network information to generate timely the link triggers so that the required handover procedures can appropriately finish before the current link goes down. First we estimate a required handover time for the given neighbor network conditions, then using a predictive link triggering mechanism the handover start time is dynamically determined to minimize handover costs. The handover costs are analyzed in terms of the total required handover time and the service disruption time. The numerical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed method significantly enhances the handover performance in heterogeneous wireless networks.

Over the last couple of years, the recent pandemic rendered work operations to be mobile and relied heavily on real-time and traffic-intensive applications such as online classrooms and meetings. Since our working life requires seamless mobility and stable wireless connectivity, heterogeneous wireless networks gain more attention as key infrastructures to fulfill communication needs. Intelligent handover decision deems necessary to select the appropriate wireless network. An intelligent mechanism such as fuzzy logic proves to enhance such decision-making. Different membership functions used in a fuzzy inference system contribute to different network selection performances. This work evaluates different fuzzy membership functions, hence appropriate membership functions can be used in the design of fuzzy-based network selection mechanisms for heterogeneous wireless networks.

An important and modern trend in wireless network is managing and accessing in heterogeneous wireless networks structures effectively. Vertical handover or handoff technology is major and acting vital role in wireless communication, it has key challenging issues in wireless network, while handover gets call drop kind of latency and call quality minimization. So the communication networks needs an efficient and dynamic services and knowledge monitoring management to select network for handover of different network environments (example: WiMAX, WiFi, WLAN, etc.). In this paper we proposed the concepts of knowledgeable monitoring (KM-method), cognitive advisor (CA) and Advanced Handover Optimization (AHO) technique to improve effective network selection for seamless communication, while travels over heterogeneous wireless networks (HWN). KM-method monitoring and manage effective network selection and holding connected mobile nodes inform header files also maintaining re-initiate to next network information (network IP address, user ID, new path, etc.). CAVHO-Cognitive Advisor based Vertical Handover (VSH and V2H) and KM-methods perform and measures velocity and direction of mobility nodes through SRSS sequential Received Strength Signal. Also CA receives the nearest networks details of each another using nearest neighbouring concept with SDT ratio Algorithm. Optimization technique (AHO) performs dynamically balancing the threshold level of speed, load and quality based on Receiving signal strength and user preference. Simulation results of CAVHO Shows it secure and increases the handover probability of access also proposed system reduce delay and improve quality of services and throughput.

In wireless heterogeneous environment, the integration of wireless access network will be accomplished by seamless handover which contains many challenges i.e. service mobility, vertical handover, common authentication, unified accounting/billing, security mechanisms, QoS and service provisioning, etc. Toward this direction, our research aims to provide a complete integration of heterogeneous network architecture and support a fit mobility management for network to seamless handover. This paper offers an HIP-based vertical handover idea in heterogeneous wireless network. We propose a mobile integrated architecture in personal communication system. Moreover, we hope to contribute our research to beyond 4G (B4G) wireless networks.

In heterogeneous wireless networks (HWNs), it is important to select a currently optimal network for applications demanded by communicating Mobile Nodes (MNs) through Vertical Handover (VHO). VHO problem in HWNs is modeled as a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. VHO process is very vital in HWNs networks and thus demand the application of very efficient MCDM algorithms. The use of efficient MCDM algorithms for heterogeneous network selection can provide MNs with satisfactory Quality of Service (QoS). We propose a novel MCDM algorithm called MULTIplicative form with Multi-Objective Optimization Ratio Analysis (MULTIMOORA). The performance of the MULTIMOORA is validated by comparing it with SAW, GRA, VIKOR and TOPSIS algorithms for voice, file download and video streaming traffic classes. Simulation results show that MULTIMOORA outperforms SAW, GRA and VIKOR. Moreover, results show it has similar performance with TOPSIS, in term of accuracy for all the network traffics considered.

Many studies have shown that Vegas TCP has a better throughput and stability than Reno TCP in homogeneous networks with a single TCP flavor, but performs less well in heterogeneous networks in which two TCP flavors coexist. The progressive behavior of Reno TCP and the conservative behavior of Vegas TCP cause a bias when they are used simultaneously, and thus Vegas TCP fails to obtain a fair share of the bandwidth. This paper examines the origins of this bias and proposes a threshold-based congestion control mechanism designed to alleviate the resulting unfairness problem. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves a higher throughput than the conventional Vegas TCP scheme and preserves the stability of the conventional scheme when used in heterogeneous wired and wireless networks.

The wireless network environment in the future is going to include various heterogeneous wireless networks. In a heterogeneous wireless network environment, vertical handoff processes caused by the movement of users are inevitable. However, the research related to how to achieve seamless vertical handoff and improve QoS guarantees in today's heterogeneous wireless networks is still something to work on. Therefore, this paper proposed the Advanced Vertical Handoff Translation Center (Advanced VHTC) architecture for Wi-Fi/WiMAX heterogeneous wireless networks, aiming to improve the quality of services in heterogeneous wireless networks by means of packet formats translation between heterogeneous wireless networks and the MIH-based seamless vertical handoff mechanism, which cut down the time for vertical handoff and obtain high quality and persistent connection service. Lastly, with the brilliant results of a complete simulation, this paper will show the performance in terms of delay, jitter, packets loss and throughput to prove that the Advanced VHTC for next generation heterogeneous wireless networks can provide good QoS guarantees and obtain persistent transmission with high performance while performing seamless vertical handoff.

This paper presents an ubiquitous connectivity solution for public transportation services and proposes a vertical handover (VHO) algorithm between cellular networks and WLANs, used to implement the ubiquitous connectivity in a heterogeneous wireless network. The system architecture, on which our solution relies, is also presented. The novelty of our approach is that the VHO algorithm takes the decision on the target network based on the background traffic and the link quality, besides the received signal level. Our algorithm exploits the fact that the communication device of the vehicle is equipped with several Wi-Fi interfaces which allow the measurement of the available WLAN's parameters. The performance of our algorithm is significantly better than those of a classical VHO algorithm which selects the target network based only on the level of the received signal and is similar to that of an optimal VHO algorithm which has complete knowledge of the network parameters.

Different wireless technologies are assumed tocooperate in a single heterogeneous environment in futurenetwork deployment schemes. Such environment is characterizedby a multitude of new services based on multimedia services likegaming and real time video streaming. When dealing with video services, traditional QoS solutionsare not sufficient for ensuring video awareness and good user'sperception. Quality of Experience (QoE) management approachhave been introduced to estimate the quality level of multimediaservices. In an heterogeneous environment every user can switchbetween many networks during his communication in a verticalhandover (VHO) process and QoS may decrease as well as thevideo quality. That is why, maintaining the requested QoS andkeeping a satisfying QoE during a VHO process is the main goalfor HWNs. In this paper, we proposes a QoE-fuzzy vertical handoveralgorithm with QoS management and QoE decision. Simulationresults of the proposed system show performances improvementfor throughput and delays.

The next generation of mobile networks is expected to utilize multiple radio access technologies (RAT), seamlessly integrated to form a heterogeneous wireless network. On the arrival of service request, an access network must be assigned to the user. A request can be due to a new connection call within a cell, an intra- system or inter-system handover attempt. In case of handoff, it must be realized as fast as possible. However, some factors as the authentication service has an important impact on the final handover latency. The problem is increased in the case of vertical handover. This paper describes the reference architecture for access management in which the handovers take place; we measure the handover latency and we make an analysis of the impact that the authentication procedure has in the final delay of the handover execution on heterogeneous mobile communication networks.