Analysis of future marine information system based on cloud computing

This paper has conducted a trial in establishing a systematic instrument for evaluating the performance of the marine information systems. Analytic Network Process (ANP) was introduced for determining the relative importance of a set of interdependent criteria concerned by the stakeholders (shipper/consignee, customer broker, forwarder, and container yard). Three major information platforms (MTNet, TradeVan, and NiceShipping) in Taiwan were evaluated according to the criteria derived from ANP. Results show that the performance of marine information system can be divided into three constructs, namely: Safety and Technology (3 items), Service (3 items), and Charge (3 items). The Safety and Technology is the most important construct of marine information system evaluation, whereas Charger is the least important construct. This study gives insights to improve the performance of the existing marine information systems and serve as the useful reference for the future freight information platform.

Tian, T. and Chang, H.-B., 2019. Marine information sharing and publishing system: A WebGIS approach. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 169–172. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.With the development of computer technology, communication technology and network technology, information has become an important core of productivity and a national reserve resource. Marine information is widely used in marine management, national defense construction, and marine economic development. It is of great practical significance to build a data sharing platform that can release marine information in real time and dynamically. This article first briefly introduces the concept of WebGIS and the WebGIS software platform. Then the scheme of building a marine environment information sharing and publishing system based on WebGIS and the overall design and function of the marine information system platform are proposed. Finally, the specific design of the WebGIS-based ocean forecast information sharing platform is taken as an example.

The results of the development and implementation of oceanographic information-measuring systems in the 1960s to 1970s and 1980s to 1990s are analytically treated and the basic principles of present-day systems for collecting data on oceanographic parameters are considered. We present the design of a technological platform for multichannel complexes aimed at concurrent measurements of hydrological, optical, and chemical characteristics. The platform allows one to combine the conventional and new channels for measuring oceanographic parameters.

The oceans are becoming more important as food supplies. The aquaculture industry needs monitoring, forecasting and information about the environment because of demands from the market together with management needs. The SEAWATCH system consists of real time information of several parameters from the sea. The data is collected by sensors on buoys and transferred to OCEANOR via satellite. The information from the buoys and other sources including fish farms is analyzed, controlled and used together with numerical models. The information is distributed to users by data link, papers etc. The system is at the moment operating in Thailand, the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Barents Sea. It has shown to be a useful tool for fish farmers, authorities, insurance companies and others.

Sensitivity of marine systems to climate and fishing: Concepts, issues and management responses

ABSTRACTAccurately estimating fuel consumption of ships is crucial for shipping companies, port authorities, and environmental protection agencies. The bottom-up approach is becoming increasingly popular because it can estimate ship fuel consumption by accounting for ship activity conditions, such as changes in voyage speed, time, and distance; however, its use is still limited when estimating ship fuel consumption. Ship-specific information, such as the daily fuel consumption rate for main and auxiliary engines for every vessel, is expensive to gather, and generally not collected from private shipping companies. To address this research gap, we develop simplified and composite ship fuel consumption models for ocean-going container ships by size using a regression model. To estimate the fuel consumption models for container ships, we rely on ship activity data, including average speed and sailing time, distance, and actual fuel consumption for main and auxiliary engines. This information is obtained from a major container shipping company in Korea. We estimate and validate the parameters associated with fuel consumption for five different container ship sizes, all of which are smaller than the Post-Panamax container ship (15,000 TEU and above).

Beadlet anemone: A novel bio-indicator of microplastic pollution in the marine environment

Safety Management Assessment System (SMAS): a process for identifying and evaluating human and organization factors in marine system operations with field test results

Understanding the modern marine methane processes, which can profoundly affect global climate and have far-reaching impacts on human living environments, is critical for research on the global carbon cycle. Thus, modeling of marine methane processes has attracted increasing attention due to models can accurately simulate and predict the environmental effects of methane on marine and atmospheric ecosystems. In this study, we review the applications of modeling works to marine methane processes, including methanogenesis in sediments, transport and reaction of methane in sediments and seawater, and marine methane emissions to the atmosphere. Compiled a large database of global methanogenesis rates and methane fluxes to the sulfate-methane transition zone, we estimate that the global methanogenesis budget in marine sediments is ∼0.87 Tmol yr−1 and global sedimentary dissolved inorganic carbon produced by anaerobic oxidation of methane is ∼8.9 Tmol yr−1. In addition, although anaerobic oxidation of methane in sediments and aerobic oxidation of methane in seawater act as primary filters to prevent methane leakage from sediments to the hydrosphere as well as the atmosphere, large masses of methane in extreme seafloor environments (e.g., mud volcanic eruptions and hydrate leakage) can still escape microbial oxidation and leakage to seawater or the atmosphere. There is still a lack of models that simulate methane in these extreme marine environments. Therefore, more modeling works are needed to assess the efficiency of marine ecosystems, including sediments and hydrosphere, in filtering methane in the event of large-scale methane leakage from the seafloor. This study provides an interdisciplinary view of methane processes in marine systems and helps identify future directions in the modeling of methane processes in marine system.

Habitat variation, species diversity and ecological functioning in a marine system

Prevalence and diversity of Lyme borreliosis bacteria in marine birds

For building a real time marine power system simulator, models of fast calculation and high precision of marine power system are needed. Because there are abilities of learning and batch operation with artificial neural networks (ANN), it is fit for using ANN to build a real time marine diesel generator model for marine power system simulator. In this paper, radial basis function neural networks (RBF NN) was used for building model of marine diesel engine generator. RBF NN is a universal approximation neural network. There is an ability to approximate a nonlinear function with RBF NN. According to the working principles of diesel generator, parameters of excitation current/voltage and diesel engine mechanical torque are inputs of RBF NN, while parameters of terminal voltage current and frequency of generator are outputs for RBF NN training. The type of supervised learning of center selection strategy was used for the RBF NN learning method. An approximated model of marine diesel generator is built in high precision result with 99 hidden neurons of RBF NN.

This paper describes the relationship between data mining (DM) and artificial intelligence (AI) and how both can improve future military information systems. As these information systems take advantage of the technology trends, they will derive their upgrades from expert systems, knowledge-bases (KBs), inference engines, robotics, natural language, remote sensing, knowledge discovery (KD), and data mining over networks. This will result in an expansion to all echelons of present capabilities that now are available to warfighters only at the higher echelons. Moreover, it will result in an improved battlefield awareness for all warfighters beyond anything that is implemented today.

In order to improve environmental management and policy making based on the principles of sustainable development it is necessary to explore both ecological and economic dynamics interacting in human-dominated ecosystems. A way to perform such an integrated assessment is provided by the Emergy Synthesis method that allows to account for mass, energy and money flows supporting a given ecosystem. In this paper Geographical Information System and Emergy Synthesis methods were combined to model the interplay of environment, economy, and resources in the Site of Community Interest named Parco Marino di S. Maria di Castellabate and located in Southern Italy. The GIS allowed to organize and explore data dealing with several environmental features while the emergy modelling and accounting provided a characterization of the energy metabolism of the study area.The solar transformity of the net primary production of the marine system resulted in 4.86·104 seJ Joule-1. The emergy cost for fish and mollusk (two of the main products of the fishing sector) resulted in 1.05·107 seJ Joule-1 and 2.43·107 seJ Joule-1, respectively. These emergy-based indicators provided information about the environmental performance of the marine ecosystem and its fishing economic sector by relating the input emergy invested into the processes with the generated outputs.The solar transformities calculated in this case study (one of the first ever performed in Italy by adopting this methodological approach) will provide a benchmark for future comparison with similar marine systems in Italy and abroad.In conclusion, the combined use of GIS and Emergy Synthesis methods resulted a promising approach able to provide a deeper understanding of human-managed ecosystems and their dynamics.

Although invasive species are a major threat to survivorship of native species, we know little about their sublethal effects. In soft-sediment marine systems, mat-forming invasive species often have positive effects, facilitating recruitment and enhancing the diversity and abundance of native invertebrates. However, because mat-forming invasive species change the habitat in which they invade, and benthic invertebrates are sensitive to environmental disturbance, important sublethal effects on native species may exist. Using a model marine system we show that the widespread mat-forming invasive alga Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Agardh has strong negative effects on the reproductive traits of a native bivalve Anadara trapezia (Deshayes, 1840) (e.g. timing of reproductive development and spawning, and follicle and gamete production) even though the invader has positive effects on recruitment. Moreover, gender specific responses occurred and indicated that females were more susceptible to invasion than males. Our results indicate that sublethal effects of an invasive species on reproductive traits will have severe consequences for fitness of the native species.