Basic Research on the Inertial Force in Force Presentation System, Position Input System and Rehabilitation Support System

Aphasia is one of the condition of a higher brain function disorder. Aphasia is an obstacle which forgets the name of a thing. This research,develops a novel system using the tablet PC for supporting the rehabilitation of aphasia. The system supports diagnosis by conducting statistical analysis of the diagnostic result.

This report relates to an eccentric geared device of crankshaft planetary motion system designed to satisfy two theories in the 1st report and a dynamic balancing machine with a vibrating table designed for this study. The construction of its device and constructional comparison between this device and known slider crank device, theoretical analysis on its motion and perfect balance, are described. From these results, it is made clear that the inertia force of reciprocating mass is perfectly balanced, and a moment due to its inertia force does not occur in this device. Further, vibration analysis on the vibrating table with a testing device in the dynamic balancing machine and its characteristics are described.

In any application of wall-bounded or shear fluid flows, near-wall boundary layer and shear layer are the places of struggle between viscous and inertial forces.After development and spread of using wall functions for modeling near-wall region of boundary layer in wall-bounded turbulent flows, the importance of accurate prediction and modeling of different layers of boundary layer, particularly the so-called logarithmic layer becomes more crucial in aerodynamics.Due to the intrinsic characteristics of flow structure in log-layer and wide-spread applications of wake flows, the presence of these characteristics in wake flows rather than wall-bounded flows opens a new window to the researchers to investigate the possibility of using log-law within wake regions, particularly on wake centerline for modeling purposes.On the applications of wake modeling and studying, we can point out to wing and blade trailing edge design, exhaust flow of pipes and ducts (e.g.nozzle exhaust or internal flow of polymers in dimpled pipes), and vortex generator design which are just a few examples of the areas with great interest in both fundamental scientific research, that is, developing optimum and accurate Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools and their industrial applications.In this article, a brief description about different approaches, previous efforts and case studies, and similar analogous problems is presented to give a better perception to the future researchers.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence, goals and objectives of the state support of small and medium entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector of the economy under modern conditions. Research methods. The methodological basis of the study was a set of methods of scientific knowledge of the system and mechanism of state support for small and medium entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector. The achievement of the goal was facilitated by general scientific methods: empirical research (measurement, comparison, observation), theoretical research (analysis and synthesis), as well as local (specific): situation analysis (computational-constructive). Research results. It has been established that state support is one of the components of the state regulation mechanism; a system of preferential financing of priority industries and small and medium enterprises has been established; a system of measures to increase the adaptability and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises in the agricultural sector of a controlling, executive, legislative nature. It was revealed that the main tasks of state regulation of small and medium entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector are: the formation of optimal financial and credit instruments; improving the legislative and regulatory platform; stimulating the interaction of small and medium businesses in the agricultural sector with the logistics and market infrastructure; the formation of an information culture and the development of socialization of small and medium entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector, etc. The necessity of solving the problem of forming an adaptive, comprehensive and integrative system of state support for small and medium businesses in the agricultural sector, which flexibly and quickly reflects the impact of an unstable market environment, creating an adequate logistics business infrastructure at all levels of the hierarchy. Scientific novelty. The main tasks of the functioning of state support for small and medium businesses in the agricultural sector of the economy in modern conditions are revealed and a methodological approach is proposed to substantiate the main directions of modification of state support, which contribute to solving the problems of the functioning of small and medium entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector of the economy. The attention is focused on the main programs of state support for the development of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. Practical significance. It is advisable to use the methodological approach as a base in the system of tasks for the functioning of state support for small and medium entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector according to the statistical reporting of business entities and macro indicators of the country's socio-economic state. Figs.: 2. Refs.: 27.

The weapon system of The Navy is the small quantity producing system on multiple kinds. It is consisted of various equipment and the subordinate parts of those which can repair the damaged part. The operating procedure concerning warship's repair parts managed under these systems is as follows. Firstly, if demand of repair parts occurs from warship which is the operating unit of weapon, then the Fleet(the repair & supply support battalion) is in charge of dealing with these requests. If certain request from warship is beyond the battalion's capability, it is delivered directly to the Logistic Command. In short, the repair and supply support system of repair parts can be described as the multi-level support system. The various theoretical researches on inventory management of Navy's repair parts and simulation study that reflects reality in detail have been carried out simultaneously. However, the majority of existing research has been conducted on aircraft and tank's repairable items, in that, the studies is woefully deficient in the area concerning Navy's inventory management. For that reason, this paper firstly constructs the model of consumable items that is frequently damaged reflecting characteristics of navy's repair parts inventory management using ARENA simulation. After that, this paper is trying to propose methodology to analyze optimal inventory level of each supply unit through OptQuest, the optimization program of ARENA simulation.

The present study reports on a preliminary experiment designed to experimentally verify the effectiveness of a newly developed rehabilitation support system using a torqueload wrist manipulandum. Evidence-based rehabilitation requires devices that can objectively and quantitatively evaluate motor function, yet conventional methods often rely on subjective assessments or limited clinical indicators. To overcome these limitations, we constructed a system capable of assessing two representative neural motor control strategies: feedback (FB) and feedforward (FF) control. In order to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system, experimental trials were conducted with nine healthy participants. The device allows torque loads to be applied in arbitrary directions to wrist movements. Pursuit tasks were used to assess FB control, and step tasks to assess FF control. Participants performed both tasks under three leftward torque-load conditions ($0,0.9$, and 1.5 kgf.cm) simulating a resistive (pseudo-spastic) environment. Response time and positional error were analyzed as outcome measures. The results confirmed that the system could successfully differentiate neural control strategies. FB control showed delayed responses and increased positional errors, while FF control exhibited enhanced internal model formation under mild spasticity. This preliminary verification demonstrates that the proposed system can experimentally evaluate adaptive processes of FB and $F F$ control under different task environments. These findings support its potential as a platform for quantitative assessment and rehabilitation support. Future clinical studies are required to further validate the system and explore its contribution to functional recovery in stroke patients.

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Life sciences research facilities planned for the U.S. Space Station will accommodate life sciences investigations addressing the influence of microgravity on living organisms. Current projects within the Life Sciences Space Station Program (LSSSP), the Life Sciences Space Biology (LSSB) and Extended Duration Crew Operations (EDCO) projects, will explore the physiological, clinical, and sociological implications of long duration space flight on humans and the influence of microgravity on other biological organisms/systems. Initially, the primary research will emphasize certifying man for routine 180-day stays on the Space Station. Operational crew rotations of 180 days or more will help reduce Space Station operational costs and minimize the number of Space Transportation System (STS) shuttle flights required to support Space Station. A 180-day crew rotation schedule will be operationally acceptable if there is reasonable assurance that crew health, performance and productivity will be maintained, and that postflight crew recovery from adverse microgravitational effects will occur within a reasonable period of time. As the medical assessment required to proceed with a 180-day crew rotation schedule matures, the opportunities will expand for fundamental and long-range research within the LSSB Project. Fundamental biological research within the LSSB will include space physiology, gravitational biology, exobiology, Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS), and may use animal models to quantify or characterize selected human physiological responses to microgravity. Long-range research will focus on developing an efficient technology for maintaining and recycling food, water and atmospheric resources required to sustain human life during long-duration missions, such as interplanetary visits.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper addresses the current life sciences planning effort within the JSC Life Sciences Project Division (LSPD) for the LSSB Project.</div>

Mathematical Model for Forecasting of Rail Track Ballast Bearing Capacity

This paper presents analytical expressions of the vertical reactions of the car wheels. These mathematical expressions take into account the inertia forces which are expressed by two main components of acceleration of the reference system chosen. The vertical reactions of the wheels and the torque acting on the body are determined by analytical and experimental methods in case of movement among the landmarks when the vehicle speed is 25 km/h. Theoretical results are compared with data obtained from experimental tests. Approximation values of the two data sets validates the theoretical model adopted.

The paper describes a novel walking support system for the aged, disabled and persons who have difficulty in walking. The walking support system in this paper refers to not only artificial leg and prosthesis but a power suit with actuators to assist the user in locomotion. The mathematical model of walking support system is derived from the simplified inverted pendulum. The behavior of walking support machines must be simple for users. On the other hand, The user should be able to manipulate the walking support machine easily. Therefore, we propose a strategy using hip and knee angles to estimate the next step states which are important values for a walk support system. Also those angles are useful information that we can get easily. In this paper, we intend to introduce a concept of walking support system and a fundamental strategy of walking support using gait information of able-side leg. Simulation results and experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed system.

This article provides an overview of trends in electronic communication among research scientists, with particular attention to the Experimental Research in Electronic Submission (EXPRES) initiative at the National Science Foundation (NSF). NSF is an independent agency of the federal government authorized to initiate and support basic scientific research and to strengthen the nation's scientific research potential and education in the sciences. EXPRES is a conceptual and technological project attempting to facilitate the exchange of compound scientific documents between research sites possessing different kinds of computer hardware and software. In its most fundamental aspect, EXPRES is about scientific collaboration as well as communication. This dual process is exemplified in the development of basic research proposals by scientists at universities, and the subsequent procedures by which such proposals are submitted, evaluated for scientific merit by the scientists' peers, and ultimately funded or declined. EXPRES holds the promise of not just streamlining but also enhancing the support systems by which today's scientific research is carried out.

Growing interest in robotic treatment of patients with neurological injury motivates the development of therapeutic robots for basic research into recovery. Though humans are the ultimate beneficiaries, basic research frequently involves rodent models of neurological injury, which motivates robotic devices that can interact with rats or mice. This paper proposes an overground therapeutic robot suitable for rodent studies of recovery after for spinal cord injury. Advantages and challenges of an overground machine are compared with treadmill-type machines. Design and implementation issues, including its kinematic configuration, control scheme, biomechanical coupling and partial body weight support system, are presented and discussed. Current development progress is reported along with possible future applications of the device.

Basic Research on Evaluation of Motion Function Using Two Dimensional Rehabilitation Supporting System for Upper Limbs

This paper presents a concept of continuous environmental education that has a generic nature but was considered in the context of one particular region — the Republic of Altai. The work also presents a structural-functional model of the system of technological support of the continuous environmental education of secondary school students. The model of the system mentioned above is based on the results of theoretical, methodological and practical research as well as on its experimental verification. The system is based on the principle of environmental education with its substantive, regulatory and procedural functions. The study has confirmed the assumption about the necessity of this concept and proved its effectiveness in terms of developing a technology for continuous environmental education in the region. This concept was adopted by the Government of the Altai Republic and became the theoretical and methodological basis of this technology. The concept of environmental education in the Republic of Altai proposed allows observing the entire educational process and taking into account the connections between all functional structures most fully, since all of them are based on systematic, activity, reflexive, synergetic, resource, cultural approaches. The concept creates a theoretical basis for solving an important practical problem — the scientific substantiation of the didactic basis of environmental education. The investigation performed helps explain the essence and predict the development of complex processes in the field of education. The research allows using the experience of theoretical substantiation of the introduction of didactic provisions to the rank of teaching principles and experience in developing their "instrumentality" (the method of application) in the form of content, normative and procedural didactic functions. Also, this research allows building a concept that creates a theoretical basis for solving important practical problems in the education system and using the experience of revealing the deeper content of previously known pedagogical concepts, enabling the identification of their new core features.

The common wisdom at the end of the 20th century was that the United States was training too many specialists, including cardiologists.1 By 2001, however, there was increasing evidence that the supply of cardiologists was not meeting the growing demand. That year, as president-elect of the American College of Cardiology (ACC), I appointed a task force to evaluate cardiology workforce. The task force undertook a 2-year process of literature review, hypothesis generation, research design, data acquisition, and analysis. This intense effort included a Bethesda Conference at which consensus was achieved on a report that will be published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology . Based on various types of information and data, the ACC task force concluded that the United States is facing a shortage of cardiologists. This will reduce access to specialty care of proven benefit and will undermine our nation’s vital cardiovascular research effort. The Bethesda Conference report includes 8 working group documents that recommend several short- and intermediate-term strategies to help narrow the growing demand-supply gap for cardiologists (see Table 1). Some recommendations can be implemented at a local practice or institution level. Others will require a series of complex and coordinated actions at a national level. Hopefully, the report will catalyze actions by academic medical centers, regulatory organizations, federal policymakers, professional societies, and others that influence the output of cardiovascular specialists. View this table: TABLE 1. Working Groups of the ACC Task Force on Workforce Several things continue to drive demand for cardiologists. Elsewhere, I have argued that various scientific, social, and demographic “demand catalysts” outweigh factors that might decrease demand for cardiologists during the next decade2 (see Table 2). Although the relative influence of each demand factor will change over time, one thing is certain: the cardiovascular disease burden in the United States …