Behavioral Biometrics in Mobile Banking and Payment Applications

This research is a study to analyze the effect of Interface Design on customer loyalty in mobile banking applications in Indonesia. This research methodology uses a questionnaire distribution technique for millennial generation respondents who use mobile banking in Indonesia, using the Likert Scale method, and data processing techniques using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. This research aims to examine the significant influence of Interface Design on customer loyalty in mobile banking applications in Indonesia. This digital transformation in the banking industry provides benefits for both banks and their customers. Banking digitalization can provide benefits for accelerating customer transactions, avoiding human errors for manual transactions at offline branches, and increasing banks’ efficiency because it reduces manual processes in serving customer transactions. For customers, mobile banking applications accelerate transactions, time efficiency without having to come to an offline branch, and flexibility to create transactions. The hypothesis indicates that interface design significantly impacts loyalty customers using mobile banking applications. This research is useful for the banking industry to accommodate a user-friendly interface design to increase the competitive advantage for banks that provide mobile banking applications.

PurposeThe research aims to addresses the limitations of previous literature regarding choosing the appropriate conceptualization of trust (i.e. interpersonal trust or system trust) and the role of design aesthetics in generating system trust and intention to adopt mobile banking.Design/methodology/approachThe research conducts two studies. Study 1 determines the degree of humanness in a mobile banking application. Study 2 tests the research model. A total of 261 respondents participate in Study 1 and 491 in Study 2. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (study 1) and SmartPLS (PLS software) (study 2) are used to test the hypotheses.FindingsStudy 1 establishes that the mobile banking application is perceived to have low humanness. Thus, it is expected that system trust is more appropriate to use than interpersonal trust. Study 2 demonstrates that (i) system trust is more useful than interpersonal trust in the mobile banking context and (ii) design aesthetics positively influences consumer system trust and intention to adopt.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, the current research is the first to distinguish empirically between system trust and interpersonal trust and identify the best choice of mobile banking trust type. Specifically, the study determined the choice of system trust for mobile banking through a priori humanness measures and validated this choice by measuring both system trust and interpersonal trust, which has not been done before. In addition, retail banking should consider the influence of design aesthetics on consumer trust and incorporate elements that enhance consumers' opinions about the mobile banking application's functionality, reliability and helpfulness.

This study aims to find out how mobile banking is a communication medium for banking services at Bank BTN Bengkulu Branch, using Lasswell theory in Kurniawan (2018:62) which consists of: Who (who is the communicator), say what (what message he states), in which channel (what channel/media is used), to whom (who is the communicant) and whit what effect (the expected effect). This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive design. Data collection techniques in this study are primary data and secondary data. The results show that Who (who is the communicator), the communicator in this study is a mobile banking application at Bank BTN Bengkulu Branch. Say What (what message it states), the message given by the mobile banking application in this study is in the form of sentences or words and numbers desired by customers as mobile banking users of Bank BTN Bengkulu Branch. In Which Channel (What channel/media is used), the media in this study is the media used by customers in the use of mobile banking at Bank BTN Bengkulu Branch, namely the andorid phone. To Whom (Who is the communicant), the communicant in this study is the customer of Bank BTN Bengkulu Branch. Whit What Effect (Expected Effect), the effect in this study is to direct the communicator (application) to communicate according to what the customer wants so that ongoing transactions through the mobile banking application can run successfully and successfully.

Aim/Purpose: Mobile commerce adoption is low in developing countries; hence, public servants may not consider mobile commerce and mobile payments. Understanding the factors that influence mobile commerce and mobile payments in their context will aid in promoting those services. Background: The study investigates the factors that influence public servants’ mobile commerce and mobile payments in Ghana. Hence, it provides some understanding of the various aspects of mobile commerce and mobile payments adoption, such as acceptance, use, and eventual adoption into the user’s daily life, and how that affects their behaviour. Methodology: The research was conducted by surveying the factors influencing public servants’ adoption of mobile commerce and payments in Ghana. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken to put the research model to the test to measure the constructs and their relationships. Contribution: The study confirmed previous findings and created a new conceptual model for mobile commerce and mobile payment adoption and usage in the Ghanaian context. Findings: The variables of performance expectancy, trust, and facilitating conditions have a significant positive influence on behavioural intention. The factors of effort expectation and social influence have a significant negative impact. Price value and perceived reliability are latent variables that do not affect behavioural intention. Behavioural intention and facilitating conditions significantly influence the actual use behaviour of mobile commerce and mobile payment users. Recommendations for Practitioners: Mobile commerce is emerging as a new mode of transactions, with firms providing enabling platforms for users. Mobile commerce could become the most acceptable application for the next generation of mobile platform applications. This study offers insights into the fluidity of the mobile environment, with implications that spell out what will be effective mobile commerce services that will continue to be relevant. Mobile applications are attractive to people because they provide a better user experience. These mobile applications have been optimised to provide a fast, easy and delightful experience. Mobile commerce and mobile payment service providers can attract and retain more users if attention is paid to performance expectancy, trust, and facilitating conditions since they influence individuals’ decisions to adopt. Mobile technology is almost ubiquitous, influencing both online sales and in-store sales. With the right mobile commerce platform and features, businesses can expect to increase in-store and online sales, catering to a more extensive clientele. Mobile devices are the primary means that most customers use to look up information about products they see in stores, such as product reviews and pricing options. This study indicates that mobile commerce service providers can achieve a more extensive customer base by promoting performance expectancy, trust, and behavioural intentions. Recommendation for Researchers: Despite the numerous studies in the mobile commerce literature, few have used integrated models of perceived reliability, trust, and price value or methods to evaluate these factors in the emerging mobile commerce industry. Also, it combines mobile commerce and mobile payments, which very few that we know of have done. Impact on Society: Ghana is already in a cash-lite economy. Thus, the study is appropriate with the result of trust being a significant factor. It implies that people will begin using mobile commerce and mobile payments with a bit of drive to bring about this drive quickly. Future Research: Future research could further test the adapted model with moderating factors of age, gender, and education to delve deeper into the complexities of mobile commerce and mobile payments.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of perceived satisfaction with mobile payment applications based on use experience, and subsequent stated expectations on brand loyalty and future use behavior using a theory-based research integrative model of factors that influence Arabs’ intentions to use mobile payment application(s).Design/methodology/approachA conceptual model was developed using the mixed research method approach. The focus group approach was used for the qualitative study and structural equation modeling for the quantitative study. Primary data were collected online. Participants were 305 Arab consumers from nine countries in the Middle East.FindingsSatisfaction with the quality of mobile payment application(s) increased use experience and enhanced consumers’ expectations, which in turn positively affected loyalty and purchase intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThe study encompassed mobile payment application(s) in nine countries rather than focusing on one market, or on one product type and business. The paper did not perform a comparative study between sampled Arab countries, but rather it sees all countries and respondents just as Arabs.Practical implicationsService providers should build mobile application(s) based on the features of usability, availability, reliability, adaptability, accessibility, responsiveness and security.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first studies that empirically examines mobile payment consumer’s usage behavior from nine countries of the Arab world where there is scarce research on the topic in the region.

In this article, we propose a design and on-board measuring approach for the realization of micro-sized differential antennas for the 2.4-GHz mobile payment (MP) applications. Exampled by a complete realization of a 3 × 11 mm2-sized differential antenna driven by a commercial 2.4-GHz transceiver integrated inside a 15 × 11 mm2-sized micro-SD card, such design and testing approach is described in detail. The experimental measurements of the micro-sized antenna show that the impedance of the designed micro-sized differential antenna well matches the complex impedance of the transceiver, and, therefore, ensure the stability of the radio frequency performance required by the MP applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1419–1422, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25957

In this paper we propose a Secure and Optimized Mobile Payment Framework based on Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC) (a) which summarizes a mobile payment in relation to several different participants, (b) a procedure of personalizing UICC by the client c) a procedure of provisioning and personalization (Mutual Authentication, Key Agreement Protocol & a procedure for ensuring non repudiation without adopting WPKI) of Mobile Payments Application (which is on UICC) by the Bank d) a mobile payment protocol is proposed between the personalized Mobile Payment Application on UICC and the Bank Server which ensures all the security properties. All the proposed protocols have been successfully verified using AVISPA and Scyther Tools.

The rapid growth of mobile banking applications has transformed the financial landscape, providing convenience and accessibility to users worldwide. All 11 commercial banks in Albania provide mobile banking options to their customers. Smartphones have become the primary platform for digital interactions, with mobile banking emerging as the preferred method for over 73% of online banking users in the country. Recent literature suggests that user-friendly features, ease of navigation, simple language, continuous updates, robust safety measures, and active reviewer engagement contribute significantly to app downloads, ongoing usage, conversion rates, and customer satisfaction. Ultimately, these factors enhance the efficiency of banking operations. This study analyses reviews of Albanian mobile banking applications on the Google Play Store to identify trends and patterns. The findings reveal a correlation between bank size, mobile banking app ratings, and reviewer engagement. Extending the analysis to Western Balkan banks confirms a similar bank size, app rating, and user engagement tendency. This work underscores the necessity of a quality assurance system to effectively apply customer feedback for useful mobile banking application updates.

This article describes a multimodal framework based on behavioral biometrics and location for continuous user authentication in mobile banking applications. The proposed framework joins the typing and screen slide behavior patterns with the GPS location of the user in the authentication process. During the performance evaluation experiments, we used more than 6 different machine learning algorithms. Main results show an average accuracy between 78 and 91%.

Mobile banking, sometimes referred to as M-Banking, Mbanking or SMS Banking, is a term used for performing balance checks, account transactions, payments, credit applications and other banking transactions through a mobile device such as a mobile phone or Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). Mobile banking has until recently most often been performed via SMS or the Mobile Web. Apple's initial success with iPhone and the rapid growth of phones based on Google's Android (operating system) have led to increasing use of special client programs, called apps, downloaded to the mobile device hence increasing the number of banking applications that can be made available on mobile phones . This in turn has increased the popularity of mobile device use in regards to personal banking activities. Due to the characteristics of wireless medium, limited protection of the nodes, nature of connectivity and lack of centralized managing point, wireless networks tend to be highly vulnerable and more often than not they become subjects of attack. This paper proposes to identify potential threats associated with communication between a mobile device and the back end server in mobile banking applications. The paper should be able to identify the techniques associated with Man in the middle attacks during communication between a mobile device and a back end server and propose controls that will ensure that data theft does not occur during such sessions.

Purpose Global digital payment transactions increase continuously. Due to the inconsistencies that occurred across the research findings, past researchers have called for further investigation to verify and empirically test the mobile payment acceptance model. The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrative model that is derived from the multiple technology acceptance models (TAM)’s a theoretical framework and past literature to understand how consumers decided to adopt mobile payment. By simultaneously testing mechanisms, namely, ease of use, usefulness and risk, the current study will be able to advance scholarly knowledge of the underlying consumer’s attitude and behavior that link social influence to intention to use. Design/methodology/approach A total of 370 valid responses were collected using self-administered questionnaires distributed via online platforms, a representative for Thai consumers. An ordinary least square regression and bootstrap analyzes were conducted through PROCESS Macro to analyze the moderated serial-multiple mediation model in the consecutive inducing of social influence, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and perceived risk toward the consumer’s intention to use mobile payment. Findings Within the context of consumers evaluating a mobile payment, statistics significant were found for the hypothesized direct and indirect effects of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on an intention to use. The results showed that Thai consumers’ intention to use mobile payment was significantly affected by their attitudes in terms of usefulness and the less complication in using the applications. It is confirmed that social influence indirectly affects intention to use via the increase of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The study also found a significant interaction between perceived risk and perceived usefulness toward intention to use. Practical implications It is recommended to service providers to continue improving the user-friendliness, navigation, integrity and furnish the system with more value-added activities within the mobile payment application. It is also essential for the company to deliver tutorials and clear and easy-to-follow instructions to customers. At the same time, the marketer should develop marketing strategies to promote the usefulness and simplicity of using the applications to the consumers. When consumers experienced the easiness and usefulness of the applications, these could overcome the resistance feeling to use due to the concern on any potential risk. Originality/value The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on consumer usage behavior and TAM by integrating all important variables and developed a parsimony framework to explain consumers’ usage adoption on mobile payment. Moreover, the current study was the very first that proposed and tested a serial of multiple mediations of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, moderated by perceived risk, in the relationship between social influence and consumers’ intention to use mobile payment and discovered a moderating role of perceived risk toward the relationship between perceived usefulness and mobile payment usage intention.

This research is aimed to examine the gender difference toward intention to use the mobile banking application in Semarang. Data is collected by self - administered questionnaire, and pass over to bank customer which done their financial transaction by Automatic Teller Machine. The Sample used in this research is 50 respondents, consist of 30 male respondents and 20 female respondents who never have a mobile banking application before. The results of this study indicate that there is a gender difference in the intention to use mobile banking applications. On the other side, even it is easy to be used, female customers are not feeling the benefit offered, thus resistant to use mobile banking applications. This result brings another contradiction toward The Technological Acceptance Model. Data is examined by the SPSS application, and Mann – Whitney statistical model.Keywords: Mobile application; bank; gender difference

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been proven to be a disruptive financial technology in the context of mobile banking that can provide more practical value to users and banks. AI is a critical way of facilitating user acceptance and adoption of mobile banking applications (apps). Nevertheless, the ways in which AI features influence users’ continuance intention towards AI-enabled mobile banking apps have not been investigated from the perspective of an expectation confirmation model (ECM). To address this research gap, this paper develops a research model by combining two constructs pertaining to AI characteristics, namely, perceived intelligence and perceived anthropomorphism, and by using the ECM to explore users’ continuance intentions in this context. We employed a survey research method using a random sampling approach to collect 365 valid responses. A partial least squares approach was used to examine the model. The results show that both intelligence and anthropomorphism can increase user satisfaction via confirmation and perceived usefulness, which in turn fosters users’ willingness to continue to engage in mobile banking. This paper offers theoretical advancements, discusses future directions for mobile banking research and provides practical guidance to app developers with respect to designing and developing proper mobile banking apps using AI technology.

Mobile payment: Understanding the determinants of customer adoption and intention to recommend the technology

Evaluation of Deep Learning Models for Continuous Authentication Using Behavioral Biometrics