Business digitalization: definition and tools

This article discusses the role of informed consent, a well-known concept and standard established in the field of medicine, in ethics codes relating to digital data management. It analyzes the significance allotted to informed consent and informed consent-related principles in ethics codes, policies, and guidelines by presenting the results of a study focused on 31 ethics codes, policies, and guidelines held as part of the Ethics Codes Collection. The analysis reveals that up to now, there is a limited number of codes of ethics, policies, and guidelines on digital data management. Informed consent often is a central component in these codes and guidelines. While there undoubtedly are significant similarities between informed consent in medicine and digital data management, in ethics codes and guidelines, informed consent-related standards in some fields such as marketing are weaker and less strict. The article concludes that informed consent is an essential standard in digital data management that can help effectively shape future practices in the field. However, a more detailed reflection on the specific content and role of informed consent and informed consent-related standards in the various areas of digital data management is needed to avoid the weakening and dilution of standards in contexts where there are no clear legal regulations.KeywordsInformed consentCode of ethicsGuidelinesPersonally identifiable informationBig dataSurveillancePrivacy

Digitization, as a process of comprehensive use of digital technologies, significantly affects the management decision-making process and determines the development of digital management. The article aims to investigate the role of digital management in increasing the efficiency of activities and the development of the enterprise in general. The concept of digital management is the basis for understanding the elements of digital management. Among the main advantages of digital management are the ability to collect and analyse large volumes of data, automation of interaction with partners and customers, improvement of management tools, etc. Peculiarities of the formation of the digital management system in practice have been studied in the example of Nestlé and Roshen companies. Nestlé's digital transformation experience uses tools like artificial intelligence, cloud technologies, blockchain, and big data. The Roshen company actively implements digital technologies in production, sales, and personnel management. The development and implementation of the corresponding strategy is the digitalization management tool. The digitalization strategy is the process of introducing digital technologies into various spheres of the company's activity. Based on a review of scientific sources, essential elements of digital management, such as leadership, a balanced approach, and the taking of promising trends into account, were determined. The article also provides a list of typical programs used in digital management. It also emphasized the importance of creating favourable conditions for forming a digital management system; in particular, it is necessary to implement strategic planning, support management, train staff, and provide resources. Recommendations on the implementation of digital management at Ukrainian enterprises are provided.

The aim of the article. In the current conditions of the digital transformation of the global economy, approaches to forming pricing strategies in international marketing are undergoing significant changes. Traditional pricing methods, based on static models and periodic price adjustments, are giving way to digital tools that enable companies to promptly adapt prices to changes in market conditions, consumer behavior, and the competitive environment in real time. Digital technologies, including big data, artificial intelligence, algorithmic and dynamic pricing, open new opportunities for price personalization, revenue optimization, and enhancement of companies’ competitiveness in international markets. Analysis results. The aim of this study is to substantiate the role and determine the specific features of using digital tools in pricing policy within international marketing, as well as to develop scientific and methodological approaches for their integration into the process of forming competitive pricing strategies for enterprises in global markets under digitalization conditions. To analyze digital pricing tools in international marketing, a comprehensive set of methods combining theoretical, quantitative, and practical approaches was applied. At the theoretical level, a systematic and comparative analysis of scientific sources and modern digital pricing strategies was used. For quantitative research, economic-mathematical methods were applied, including optimization models and machine learning algorithms, allowing the assessment of the impact of pricing strategies on sales volume, revenue, and consumer behavior across different countries. The article analyzes modern concepts of digital pricing and classification of models, including static, dynamic, segmented, and personalized pricing, as well as optimization and machine learning models. Key digital pricing policy tools, such as competitive price intelligence, revenue management systems (RMS), analytical platforms, and CRM, are examined, including their application in the international context while considering local economic, regulatory, and cultural specifics. Conclusions and directions for further research. Special attention is paid to the methodological aspects of integrating digital tools into the pricing strategy formation process, particularly the principles of systematization, dynamism, localization, and personalization. Based on the research findings, the necessity of using analytical demand forecasting, competitive modeling, and integration of market mechanisms to ensure effective international pricing is substantiated.

Objective: to identify the key benefits and potential risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence in ERP systems to improve decision-making processes, management efficiency and operational performance of various sectors, including commercial and non-profit organizations. Methods: systematic literature review, empirical data analysis, analytical and experimental research methods. Results: the key directions of artificial intelligence implementation in ERP-systems are reflected, providing improvement of operational efficiency, customer relations, as well as optimization of business processes, data management, supply chain and personnel management, automation of operations related to finance, optimization of customer relations; implementation of artificial intelligence in ERP-systems reduces inventory management costs, improves the accuracy of forecasting andinventory optimization, accelerates financial analysis and increases the accuracy of budgeting, resulting in reduced budget planning time; it also increases productivity by optimizing necessary production processes and reducing equipment downtime. However, there are also risks of confidential data leakage, unauthorized access to data; job losses due to automation of tasks; and vulnerability to cyberattacks. Scientific novelty: the little-studied directions of artificial intelligence integration in ERP-systems are analyzed; an integrative approach to the application of artificial intelligence in ERP-systems is proposed, which combines methods of machine learning, natural language processing and predictive analytics and provides a comprehensive assessment of the complex impact on the business processes’ efficiency. Practical significance: the formulated directions for solving the identified problems of artificial intelligence integration in ERP-systems can be implemented in practice, as they will enable to better take into account local requirements and laws.

The effectiveness of digital solutions is largely unproven as there are very few published data in real-world outbreak settings. Modelling studies provide low-certainty evidence of a reduction in secondary cases if digital contact tracing is used together with other public health measures such as self-isolation. Cohort studies provide very low-certainty evidence that digital contact tracing may produce more reliable counts of contacts and reduce time to complete contact tracing. Digital solutions may have equity implications for at-risk populations with poor internet access and poor access to digital technology. Stronger primary research on the effectiveness of contact tracing technologies is needed, including research into use of digital solutions in conjunction with manual systems, as digital solutions are unlikely to be used alone in real-world settings. Future studies should consider access to and acceptability of digital solutions, and the resultant impact on equity. Studies should also make acceptability and uptake a primary research question, as privacy concerns can prevent uptake and effectiveness of these technologies.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems offer various functionalities to support an organization’s core functions. However, many anticipated benefits often need to materialize due to business context changes and users’ high expectations. Continuous adaptation and improvement are necessary to address user disappointments. This research focuses on ERP systems, exploring key factors influencing the success of their implementation. Recognizing challenges in ERP system implementation, this study provides a comprehensive literature review, identifying essential and contemporary Critical Success Factors (CSFs) influenced by technological advancements. Addressing challenges specific to the wood industry, this research introduces additional industry-adapted CSFs, including industry adaptability, integration with production machinery, effective warehouse management, and supply chain tracking. Furthermore, this paper emphasizes the need for continuous adaptation and improvement of ERP systems, especially in light of current trends and technological achievements. This study recommends a holistic approach, considering traditional or essential CSFs while adapting to new trends. Critical success factors in ERP implementation in the next decade involve considering cloud technology, artificial intelligence and machine learning, data security, mobile access, IoT integration, user experience, and training. The main objective of this paper is to identify the latest CSFs in ERP implementation. This research highlights essential success factors in ERP implementation, and contemporary trends in ERP implementation with a particular focus on the specifics of wood industry. While organizations should aim to maximize the potential of ERP systems, they should also acknowledge the crucial role played by human intervention in the effective and responsible implementation of artificial intelligence.

This publication is devoted to the problem of informatization and automation of management at the enterprise. The study found that the use of innovative systems is becoming increasingly popular in the Ukrainian market. Automation plays a crucial role in ensuring the growth of efficiency indicators of economic activity, but among domestic enterprises, there is a problem in choosing the use of a particular information system. This article describes the main advantages and disadvantages of ERP and CRM systems. Approaches to definitions are defined, and the concepts of ERP and CRM as methodologies of effective resource planning and system of automation of interaction with clients are revealed. A comparative analysis of ERP and CRM systems is carried out. The main functions of CRM systems are studied, among which: are the formation of a single information client base; working time management; optimization of communications within the company; sales planning. The place of the customer in the customer relationship management system is determined. The main modules of the ERP system are analyzed, namely: finance, personnel, sales, procurement, production, logistics, service, research and development, and assets. A detailed description of the functional solution when using the resource management system is given. The main tools of ERP and CRM systems are identified. As a result of the analysis of the modern market of information systems the main suppliers of software products and their weight in the given market segment are defined. A number of software products of ERP and CRM systems popular in Ukraine have been studied. The level of implementation of CRM systems by industry structure is determined. It is established that the maximum result from the implementation of CRM systems is possible only when they are implemented together with the integrated internal ERP system.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cloud computing has revolutionized enterprise systems, particularly in predictive marketing. AI-powered enterprise solutions enable businesses to analyze vast amounts of data in real-time, enhancing decision-making, customer engagement, and operational efficiency. Predictive analytics allows companies to anticipate consumer behavior, refine marketing strategies, and optimize customer interactions. Cloud computing further supports AI-driven predictive marketing by providing scalable and cost-effective solutions that enhance data processing capabilities and business intelligence. AI-integrated enterprise resource planning (ERP) and customer relationship management (CRM) systems facilitate automated decision-making, improving supply chain management and personalized marketing campaigns. Despite its advantages, AI adoption in enterprise systems and predictive marketing presents challenges such as data privacy concerns, cybersecurity risks, and ethical considerations. The complexity of AI integration requires substantial investment in infrastructure and regulatory compliance to mitigate biases and ensure transparency in AI-driven decisions. Explainable AI (XAI) is increasingly necessary to build trust and accountability in enterprise applications. Future advancements in AI, including blockchain, augmented reality (AR), and quantum computing, will enhance predictive analytics and business intelligence, further transforming marketing automation and decision-making processes. The convergence of AI and blockchain is particularly promising in securing digital transactions and improving data transparency in enterprise operations. As AI continues to reshape enterprise systems and predictive marketing, businesses must adopt responsible AI practices, strengthen cybersecurity measures, and comply with global regulations to maximize its benefits. Companies that leverage AI-driven insights will gain a competitive edge by improving customer engagement, optimizing marketing strategies, and driving sustainable growth in the evolving digital economy.

Lisnyi A.Ya. DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AS A DRIVER OF COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC INSTABILITY Purpose. The aim of the article is a comprehensive assessment of the digital transformation of Ukrainian enterprises as a key factor in ensuring their competitiveness in conditions of economic instability and martial law. Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods were used in the research process, in particular: induction and deduction – at the stage of collecting, systematizing and processing the necessary information; tabular – for a visual presentation of systematized information, abstract and logical – for the formation of theoretical conclusions. The information basis of the research was statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 2018–2024. Findings. As a result of the study, an analytical review of the current state of digital transformation of Ukrainian enterprises in conditions of war was carried out, key digital tools used in business (AI, Big Data, cloud technologies, etc.) were summarized, and the prevailing directions of digitalization in Ukraine were identified. Based on official statistics of the State Statistics Service for 2018–2024, a quantitative analysis of the level of access of enterprises to the Internet, the use of cloud services, social media, big data analytics, and artificial intelligence was conducted. It is shown that despite the reduction in the total number of enterprises, the share of those implementing digital tools is growing. Special attention is paid to sectors in which digitalization has the greatest impact on maintaining the functioning of enterprises, in particular in the field of production and trade. Originality. For the first time, the work combines quantitative analysis of digitalization indicators with examples of real business functioning during the war, which made it possible to substantiate the conclusion about digital transformation as a tool for ensuring the stability and adaptability of enterprises. Practical value. The results can be used to formulate recommendations on the policy of digital support for business in emergency situations, as well as in the development of strategies for the digital transformation of enterprises in the post-war period. Key words: enterprise, war, cloud technologies, automation, artificial intelligence, digital economy.

In May 2020, in response to the rapidly expanding pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) together launched a program called “Digital Health Solutions for COVID-19.” The goal of this initiative was to support the development of digital health tools that could leverage multiple data sources, privacy-preserving technologies, and computational tools to assist in managing population health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Seven projects received National Institutes of Health (NIH) support to develop a variety of smartphone apps, wearable devices, and software tools capable of identifying infected individuals, tracking verified COVID-19 test results, and monitoring the health status of infected and potentially infected individuals. The NIH also supported the establishment of a data hub to facilitate the collection and curation of de-identified data generated by these projects, which will be made publicly available in late 2022. This will provide an opportunity for the broader research community to further analyze the data, refine predictive models, and continue to generate new learnings from the data sets. A major focus of the NCI/NIBIB initiative was to define the context of use for various digital health technologies to determine what could be learned from the data and how this could be leveraged to inform decision making during future pandemics. Among these technologies was an artificial intelligence, web-based decision aid, developed by Vibrent Health (Fairfax, Virginia), which can be used to evaluate COVID-19 symptoms of patients at home. Several articles in this issue describe how this system, and potentially others like it, can be extremely useful for both triage decisions and improving accuracy of in-home testing. While these testing improvements have been invaluable during the pandemic, such testing enhancements will become even more critical as COVID-19 shifts to an endemic. It will no longer be acceptable to triage patients based on general symptoms, such as fever and cough, as was done early in the pandemic. As patients return to normal activities and continue striving to make informed health care decisions, they will rightly expect more sophisticated methods to differentiate COVID-19 from other diseases with overlapping symptomatology. Accomplishing this goal will be tremendously complex and will require painstaking deconvolution of symptoms, but this can be achieved with the help of machine learning, as is shown in the Vibrent studies. Despite the fear and uncertainty throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the public has demonstrated a remarkable willingness to participate in NIH-supported efforts aimed at improving COVID-19 outcomes. Projects supported under the Digital Health Solutions for COVID-19 initiative began in September 2020, just before the beta wave of the pandemic began, and study enrollment was generally high throughout the winter of 2020-2021. Study enrollment decreased somewhat in early 2021 with the rollout of COVID-19 vaccines and falling case numbers, and then steadily increased again during the spread of the delta variant in mid-2021. To successfully navigate these changing dynamics, it was especially important for the NIH-funded teams to establish clear and consistent communication with study participants. The team at Vibrent Health was able to successfully achieve this through targeted outreach campaigns and thoughtful community engagement. Particularly important were their studies aimed at engaging traditionally underserved and underrepresented populations, which showed that digital health tools play an important role in reaching populations that are not well served by current health systems. The Digital Health Solutions for COVID-19 initiative was just one component of a major coordinated effort by the NIH to combat COVID-19. Other programs such as the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx) Tech initiative also played a key role in speeding the development, validation, and commercializaiton of rapid, low-cost, point-of-care, and home-based tests. Importantly, large investments in next-generation testing approaches can only realize their full potential if these new technologies can be easily accessed and operated by the intended end users. The solutions developed by Vibrent Health and the other project teams have clearly demonstrated that digital health tools will play a crucial role in enhancing the use of various physical technologies going forward. In the future, public health officials, clinicians, employers, and the general community will rely heavily on these digital tools as they work to provide individuals with the necessary data to make informed choices about their health. The recent investment by the US government in digital health solutions and other COVID-19 technologies has not only provided clear and immediate benefits but also helped secure a solid foundation and infrastructure for the early detection, prevention, and monitoring of future pandemics. Hopefully, the recent COVID-19 experience will not soon be repeated, but the lessons learned will be invaluable when the next pandemic does occur. —Andrew Kurtz, PhD Program Director Center for Strategic Scientific Initiatives National Cancer Institute Bethesda, Maryland

Purpose. The study examines the impact of the evolution of HR strategies from traditional approaches to modern digital human resource management technologies. It analyzes key changes in HR functions, the influence of digital transformation on business effectiveness, as well as the main challenges and risks of digital HR. Special attention is paid to the case of Ukraine, taking into account the impact of military actions and global trends. Recommendations are provided for the implementation of a comprehensive digital HR strategy that incorporates modern technologies such as artificial intelligence, People Analytics, VR/AR, and cloud platforms. Methodology To assess the effectiveness of implementing digital management in HR processes, methods of comparative analysis were used, including productivity indicators, time-to-hire, employee retention, and HR management costs before and after the adoption of digital technologies. In addition, various digital technologies and the dynamics of their implementation in Ukraine and globally were analyzed. Results Key challenges faced by HR professionals during the implementation of digital management were identified, including new ethical, technical, and organizational issues such as cybersecurity risks, adaptation of existing systems, and data integration. Recommendations were developed to improve the effectiveness of HRM and to transform the underlying philosophy of personnel management toward a human potential development–oriented approach. Scientific novelty The research offers an updated perspective on the use of digital systems that enable more efficient utilization of resources in HR practices. Key challenges and opportunities for their application are identified. Contemporary studies on ethical aspects of AI use in HRM are systematized, and the core components of an HR ecosystem are formulated to enhance HRM effectiveness in the era of digital technologies, along with strategies for the harmonious integration of technologies into the human resource management system. Practical significance The practical value of the study lies in the development of recommendations for companies to improve the effectiveness of human resource management through digital technologies. The research findings can be applied by HR professionals and organizational leaders to enhance key HR functions such as recruitment, performance management, productivity management, and employee development. The proposed strategies may contribute to reducing HR process costs, increasing employee engagement, and improving the internal organizational climate, which is particularly relevant for companies operating in the context of digitalization and a rapidly changing environment

The article examines the role of accounting digitalization and the development of digital audit in the system of using financial instruments for price risk hedging in international markets. It is determined that in the conditions of globalization of economic processes, instability of global commodity and financial markets, and increasing price volatility, the need for effective financial risk management tools is significantly increasing. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the digital transformation of the economy on the development of accounting and auditing, as well as to the use of modern information technologies, including cloud services, Big Data technologies, artificial intelligence, and blockchain for processing financial information and ensuring the reliability of financial reporting. The study analyzes the essence and key characteristics of digital accounting and digital auditing and identifies their main functions and differences in the system of financial information management. The paper also characterizes the main financial instruments used for price risk hedging in international markets, including forward and futures contracts, options, swaps, and other derivative financial instruments. In addition, modern software solutions used for accounting, risk management, and financial control are considered, particularly enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and analytical platforms used by international companies and financial institutions. It is substantiated that the use of digital technologies in accounting and auditing contributes to improving the transparency and reliability of financial information, increasing the efficiency of financial control, and ensuring the operational processing and analysis of large volumes of financial data. Digital solutions also create favorable conditions for monitoring financial transactions, assessing market risks, and supporting informed managerial decision-making. The development of digital accounting and digital audit tools forms an important information basis for the effective use of financial instruments for price risk hedging and enhances the stability of enterprises operating in the global financial environment.

The purpose of this study was to find out the digital competencies of vocational high school students and to derive implications for increasing the digital competencies of vocational high school students by identifying what competencies currently need to be improved most urgently. The results are as follows. First, the digital competency of vocational high school students was defined as the competency, including knowledge, skills, attitudes, and thinking skills that vocational high school students must have in common to perform their duties using various digital technologies after entering the labor market after graduation. Second, 5 major areas of vocational high school students' digital competencies were derived: 'understanding and responding to changes according to digital transformation', 'digital data collection and management', 'digital-based communication and collaboration’, ‘digital content development and utilization’, and 'digital-based problem solving' and minor 11 areas were derived. Third, ‘communication through digital technology’ and ‘digital data search and collection’ were identified as areas with high level of performance and importance, but ‘digital content development’ was identified as areas with low level of performance and importance. Fourth, competencies with high demand for improvement include ‘digital data search and collection’, ‘communication through digital technology’, ‘sharing and collaboration through digital technology’, and ‘digital content utilization’. In the suggestion, it was suggested that long-term research should be conducted to find ways to increase digital competencies of vocational high school students, and specific policy should be established that focus on improving students' foundational common competency.

India has a paradox of skilling where an acute shortage of skilled workforce, as well as high levels of unemployment, exists together. To address this and to ensure that India reaps the benefits of demographic dividend, it is critical to skill its youth population. Affordability and accessibility of avenues for skilling is still a challenge for uneducated and unqualified youth. They also require platforms for skilling that facilitate learning at their own pace and time, local language instruction, usage of multimedia formats to retain attention and minimal entry-level requirements. // In addition to the unemployed youth, India’s artisans and rural entrepreneurs would also benefit from the skilling on digital literacy, financial literacy, digital financial literacy, citizen services and data management. As per a baseline study undertaken by Digital Empowerment Foundation (DEF) and Commonwealth of Learning (COL), even when the artisans, weavers and rural entrepreneurs possess smartphones and access the internet, using smartphones to acquire new skills and conduct business is minimal. The majority of the respondents expressed interest in training in online commerce, social media marketing and online data management. It is in this context that Skill Bot becomes relevant. // Skillbot is a self-learning chatbot built on the Telegram platform. Telegram is a free, open-source and accessible messaging service. Unlike WhatsApp, which offers paid chatbot features, Telegram chatbots are completely free as well making them accessible to organizations. // Skillbot was developed by DEF and Commonwealth of Learning to teach digital literacy, financial literacy, citizen services and data management. Skillbot is multilingual and employs tutorial lessons, audio graphics, infographics, flashcards, interactive quizzes and activities for teaching. Since both Telegram and Skill Bot is free, easy to use and accessible, this provides a platform for those without access to formal avenues of learning to acquire the skillsets. Using the Skillbot requires basic digital literacy only. Additionally, since it is interactive with continuous assessment, learners can proceed at their own pace. So far, 2400 users have been accessing it. // From an organizational point of view also, Skillbot is a valuable tool. Covid-19 pandemic has restricted the ability of organizations to reach out to learners. Skillbot provides the opportunity to deliver content to a large demographic at a minimal cost. Organizations find it costly to build, manage, promote and maintain mobile applications or web-based learning management systems. Telegram also provides back end technical support, further reducing cost and labor.

BackgroundNigeria has the world’s largest malaria burden, accounting for 27% of the world’s malaria cases and 23% of malaria mortality globally. This formative study describes the operational process of the mass distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) during a campaign program in Nigeria.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess whether and how digital data collection and management tools can change current practices and help resolve major implementation issues.MethodsQualitative data on the technical features and operational processes of paper-based and information and communication technology (ICT)–based systems in the Edo and Kwara states from June 2 to 30, 2017, were collected on the basis of documented operation manuals, field observations, and informant interviews. During the LLIN campaign in Edo State, we recruited 6 local government area focal persons and monitors and documented daily review meetings during household mobilization (9 days) and net distribution (5 days) to understand the major program implementation issues associated with the following three aspects: logistic issues, technical issues, and demand creation. Each issue was categorized according to the expected degree (low, mid, and high) of change by the ICT system.ResultsThe net campaign started with microplanning and training, followed by a month-long implementation process, which included household mobilization, net movement, net distribution, and end process monitoring. The ICT system can improve management and oversight issues related to data reporting and processes through user-centered interface design, built-in data quality control logic flow or algorithms, and workflow automation. These often require more than 50% of staff time and effort in the current paper-based practice. Compared with the current paper-based system, the real-time system is expected to reduce the time to payment compensation for health workers by about 20 days and produce summary campaign statistics for at least 20 to 30 days.ConclusionsThe ICT system can facilitate the measurement of population coverage beyond program coverage during an LLIN campaign with greater data reliability and timeliness, which are often compromised due to the limited workforce capacity in a paper-based system.