Common language.

Journal of Food ScienceVolume 38, Issue 7 p. 1255-1255 MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE INGESTION AND THIRST PRODUCTION PAUL E. ARAUJO, PAUL E. ARAUJO Dept. of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this authorDENIS HOURIHAN, DENIS HOURIHAN Dept. of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this authorJEAN MAYER, JEAN MAYER Dept. of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this author PAUL E. ARAUJO, PAUL E. ARAUJO Dept. of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this authorDENIS HOURIHAN, DENIS HOURIHAN Dept. of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this authorJEAN MAYER, JEAN MAYER Dept. of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this author First published: November 1973 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1973.tb07252.x This work was supported in part by N.I.H. Grant NB 01941 and Grant AM 02911 and from the Fund for Research and Teaching. Dept. of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. Volume38, Issue7November 1973Pages 1255-1255 RelatedInformation

CancerVolume 120, Issue 2 p. 156-157 CancerScopeFree Access Regular colonoscopy could prevent 40% of colorectal cancers Carrie Printz, Carrie PrintzSearch for more papers by this author Carrie Printz, Carrie PrintzSearch for more papers by this author First published: 07 January 2014 https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.28541AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) in Boston, Massachusetts, found that 40% of all colorectal cancers could be prevented if people underwent regular colonoscopy screening. Their results, from a large long-term study, support current guidelines that recommend people of average risk for the disease undergo colonoscopy every 10 years.1 Co-senior author Shuji Ogino, MD, PhD, an associate professor in the department of epidemiology at HSPH, says that previously insufficient evidence existed regarding how much colonoscopy reduces colorectal cancer incidence and mortality, particularly among patients in whom the cancer originates in the proximal part of the colon. Evidence from this study demonstrates that colonoscopy is effective in preventing cancer in both the distal and proximal regions of the colorectum, whereas sigmoidoscopy alone is insufficient for preventing proximal disease, he adds. Dr. Ogino and his colleagues reviewed data from 88,902 participants in both the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. Participants completed questionnaires every 2 years between 1998 and 2008, and researchers documented 1815 cases of colorectal cancer and 474 deaths from the disease. They found that colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy were linked to a decreased risk of either developing colorectal cancer or dying of it. Although colonoscopy was found to lessen the risk of cancers originating in the proximal colon, it was more effective against those arising in the distal colon. The procedure's decreased effectiveness in reducing the risk of tumors developing in the proximal colon may be attributed to molecular and biological differences between the 2 cancers, researchers say. Additional findings include: If all study participants had undergone colonoscopies, an estimated 40% of colorectal cancers, would have been prevented. Individuals who undergo colonoscopies and are cleared of any problems have a significantly reduced risk of colorectal cancer for up to 15 years after the procedure; however, those with a personal history of adenoma or a family history of colorectal cancer should be screened more often. Colorectal cancers diagnosed within 5 years of a colonoscopy had different molecular characteristics compared with those diagnosed more than 5 years after the procedure. They also may be harder to detect and fully remove. Reference 1 Nishihara R, Wu K, Lochhead P, et al. Long-term colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy. N Engl J Med. 2013; 369: 1095– 1105. CrossrefCASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Volume120, Issue215 January 2014Pages 156-157 This article also appears in:CancerScope Archive 2014-2019 ReferencesRelatedInformation

International Journal of DermatologyVolume 19, Issue 3 p. 168-170 Schistosomiasis Markley H. Boyer M.D., M.P.H., Corresponding Author Markley H. Boyer M.D., M.P.H. From the Department of Tropical Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MassachusettsAddress for reprints: Markley H. Boyer, M.D., Department of Tropical Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115.Search for more papers by this author Markley H. Boyer M.D., M.P.H., Corresponding Author Markley H. Boyer M.D., M.P.H. From the Department of Tropical Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MassachusettsAddress for reprints: Markley H. Boyer, M.D., Department of Tropical Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115.Search for more papers by this author First published: April 1980 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1980.tb00289.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume19, Issue3April 1980Pages 168-170 RelatedInformation

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of furniture polish (FP) on the release of cat allergen (Fel d 1)-laden dust from wood surfaces and decay of Fel d 1 in dust over time. About 2 g of sieved (150 microm screen) allergen-laden dust was introduced as an aerosol into an experimental chamber by a Pitt-3 generator and allowed to settle onto two finished wood surfaces pre-treated with either distilled water (DW) or FP. After 24 h, each surface was vacuumed into separate plastic cassettes loaded with 37 mm diameter, 0.4 microm pore, polycarbonate filters. The recovered dust was weighed, extracted in phosphate-buffered saline, and assayed for Fel d 1 content using a two-site monoclonal antibody ELISA. After vacuuming, the remaining dust on the wood surfaces was wiped up with a water-moistened swab. The dusts were extracted from the swabs and assayed by ELISA for Fel d 1. More Fel d 1 was recovered by vacuuming from DW-pre-treated surfaces than from FP pre-treated surfaces (100% vs. 69 +/- 66%). On the contrary, more residual Fel d 1 (>99.9%) on the vacuumed surfaces was recovered from FP than from DW pre-treated surfaces by wet swabs. The concentration of Fel d 1 in dust did not change significantly at room temperature over 80 days. In conclusion, FP on wood surfaces makes dust stick to the surface, which likely reduces the release of allergen-laden dust from the wood surface. Re-aerosolization of cat allergen-laden dusts from wood surfaces (e.g. wood floor or furniture) significantly increases the concentration of airborne cat allergens. Our study indicates that exposure to airborne cat allergens might be reduced by surface treatment with commercially available FP because cat allergen-laden dusts stuck more tightly to the wood surface treated with FP.

TGFβ activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a member of the MAPKKK family, controls diverse functions ranging from innate and adaptive immune system activation to vascular development and apoptosis. To analyse the in vivo function of TAK1 in cartilage, we generated mice with a conditional deletion of Tak1 driven by the collagen 2 promoter. Tak1col2 mice displayed severe chondrodysplasia with runting, impaired formation of secondary centres of ossification, and joint abnormalities including elbow dislocation and tarsal fusion. This phenotype resembled that of bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR)1 and Gdf5-deficient mice. BMPR signalling was markedly impaired in TAK1-deficient chondrocytes as evidenced by reduced expression of known BMP target genes as well as reduced phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 and p38/Jnk/Erk MAP kinases. TAK1 mediates Smad1 phosphorylation at C-terminal serine residues. These findings provide the first in vivo evidence in a mammalian system that TAK1 is required for BMP signalling and functions as an upstream activating kinase for Smad1/5/8 in addition to its known role in regulating MAP kinase pathways. Our experiments reveal an essential role for TAK1 in the morphogenesis, growth, and maintenance of cartilage.

In order to develop baseline data about United States office buildings, the United States Environmental Protection Agency conducted the Building Assessment Survey Evaluation (BASE) study, a systematic survey of 100 randomly selected United States office buildings, in the 1990s. This paper analyzes the self-reported work-related symptoms and job and workplace characteristics of 4326 respondents and compares results to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's (NIOSH) study of 80 'complaint' buildings. Four distinct groups of symptoms, representing 'tiredness', 'mucosal irritation', 'neuropsychological', and 'lower respiratory' conditions emerged from factor analysis of work-related symptoms. The symptom grouping is identical for both surveys. Although the prevalence of each symptom is significantly higher in the NIOSH than in the BASE sample, there is overlap of the symptom distributions. In the BASE survey, 45% of the work force reported at least one work-related health symptom; 20% reported at least three symptoms. These findings imply that it is counterproductive to dichotomize buildings into healthy vs. unhealthy; instead the prevalence of health problems related to buildings span a continuum. These results indicate that most office buildings have occupants who report building-related symptoms. This paper provides practical guidance for the comparison of building prevalences to the BASE normative data. Work-related symptom distributions and symptom groups can improve investigators' ability to identify IEQ problems.

E-003

Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 740, Issue 1 p. 297-302 Disease, Population and Virulence: Thoughts about Measles Mortality MICHEL GARENNE, Corresponding Author MICHEL GARENNE Department of Population and International Health Harvard School of Public Health 665 Huntington Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02115Author to whom correspondence should be addressed at the Harvard School of Public Health, Room 1208; Tel.: (617)-432-0418; Fax. (617)-432-2181; E-Mail: MGARENNE @HSPH.HARVARD.EDU.Search for more papers by this authorJOHN GLASSER, JOHN GLASSER National Immunization Program Centers for Disease Control Mail-stop E-61 1600 Clifton Road Atlanta, Georgia 30333Search for more papers by this authorRICHARD LEVINS, RICHARD LEVINS Department of Population and International Health Harvard School of Public Health 665 Huntington Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02115Search for more papers by this author MICHEL GARENNE, Corresponding Author MICHEL GARENNE Department of Population and International Health Harvard School of Public Health 665 Huntington Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02115Author to whom correspondence should be addressed at the Harvard School of Public Health, Room 1208; Tel.: (617)-432-0418; Fax. (617)-432-2181; E-Mail: MGARENNE @HSPH.HARVARD.EDU.Search for more papers by this authorJOHN GLASSER, JOHN GLASSER National Immunization Program Centers for Disease Control Mail-stop E-61 1600 Clifton Road Atlanta, Georgia 30333Search for more papers by this authorRICHARD LEVINS, RICHARD LEVINS Department of Population and International Health Harvard School of Public Health 665 Huntington Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02115Search for more papers by this author First published: December 1994 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb19881.xCitations: 4AboutRelatedInformationPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessClose modalShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume740, Issue1Disease in Evolution: Global Changes and Emergence of Infectious DiseasesDecember 1994Pages 297-302 RelatedInformation RecommendedNonerosive reflux disease: clinical conceptsC. Prakash Gyawali, Dan E. Azagury, Walter W. Chan, Servarayan M. Chandramohan, John O. Clarke, Nicola de Bortoli, Edgar Figueredo, Mark Fox, Daniela Jodorkovsky, Adriana Lazarescu, Peter Malfertheiner, Jan Martinek, Kenric M. Murayama, Roberto Penagini, Edoardo Savarino, Katerina P. Shetler, Ellen Stein, Roger P. Tatum, Justin Wu, Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesApproaches to Development of Microencapsulated Form of the Live Measles VaccineE. A. NECHAEVA, N. VARAKSIN, T. RYABICHEVA, M. SMOLINA, T. KOLOKOLTSOVA, A. VILESOV, N. AKSENOVA, R. STANKEVICH, R. ISIDOROV, Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesDefining esophageal landmarks, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Barrett's esophagusKenneth DeVault, Barry P. McMahon, Altay Celebi, Guido Costamagna, Michele Marchese, John O. Clarke, Reza A. Hejazi, Richard W. McCallum, Vincenzo Savarino, Patrizia Zentilin, Edoardo Savarino, Mike Thomson, Rhonda F. Souza, Claire L. Donohoe, Naoimh J. O'Farrell, John V. Reynolds, Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesMeasles Infection in HIV‐Infected African InfantsROBERT T. PERRY, FRANCIS MMIRO, CHRISTOPHER NDUGWA, RICHARD D. SEMBA, Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesRespiratory manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux diseaseSusan M. Harding, Jacqui E. Allen, Joel H. Blumin, Elizabeth A. Warner, Carlos A. Pellegrini, Walter W. Chan, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

46. The Influence of School Neighborhood Safety and Parks and Recreation Resources on Middle School Students' Physical Activity Levels

Measures of effect based on the sufficient causes model.

Death, defect, and disability in prenatal life, an epidemiologic consideration: By John E. Gordon, M.D., F.A.P.H.A., and Theodore H. Ingalls, M.D., Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass., Am. J. Pub. Health38: 66–74, January, 1948

Editorial introductions

Disturbed heart rate variability: A dose-dependent response to elevated nitric oxide and carbon monoxide in exhaled breath

Acta Neurologica ScandinavicaVolume 137, Issue 3 p. 370-370 LETTER TO THE EDITOR Preexisting cognitive impairment in intracerebral hemorrhage: Methodological issues S. Safiri, S. Safiri orcid.org/0000-0001-7986-9072 Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSearch for more papers by this authorM. J. M. Sullman, M. J. M. Sullman Department of Psychology, Northern Cyprus Campus, Middle East Technical University, Güzelyurt/Morphou, Northern CyprusSearch for more papers by this authorE. Ayubi, E. Ayubi aubi65@gmail.com orcid.org/0000-0002-8829-9304 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSearch for more papers by this author S. Safiri, S. Safiri orcid.org/0000-0001-7986-9072 Managerial Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSearch for more papers by this authorM. J. M. Sullman, M. J. M. Sullman Department of Psychology, Northern Cyprus Campus, Middle East Technical University, Güzelyurt/Morphou, Northern CyprusSearch for more papers by this authorE. Ayubi, E. Ayubi aubi65@gmail.com orcid.org/0000-0002-8829-9304 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 February 2018 https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.12878Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume137, Issue3March 2018Pages 370-370 RelatedInformation

To the Editor: September 2003 marks the anniversary of the deaths of Jonathan M. Mann and his wife Mary Lou Clements aboard Swiss Air flight 111, which crashed off the shore of Peggy’s Cove, Nova Scotia, 5 years ago. Although Jonathan and I were both members of the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists in the early 1980s, when Jonathan served as state epidemiologist for New Mexico, our paths did not cross until years later in 1990. Jonathan had reluctantly resigned as director, Global AIDS Activities, World Health Organization, to become full professor at Harvard School of Public Health. I had taken a year’s leave of absence from my position in Maine to enroll in Harvard’s Master of Public Health program. In a talk at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Jonathan once outlined many of his hopes and fears for AIDS activities worldwide. Moved by his pleas for global commitment to the epidemic, I sought out Jonathan at the opening reception for new Harvard students. I shared his dreams for public health activism. We believed in inspiring others to careers in applied public health, so we initiated a brown bag lunch series for students and faculty to share experiences about work in public health (1). The common thread throughout these discussions was universal human rights and respect for human dignity. Jonathan went on to establish the Francis Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights at the Harvard School of Public Health and used his position to promote health as the broad-based core of human values. His lectures on universal human rights centered on the idea that health transcends geographic, political, economic, and cultural barriers. Jonathan drew on his past experiences with the HIV epidemic to argue that the developing world would never achieve economic or political stability unless the health of its people improved. He maintained that, if not addressed, the health problems of the developing world would pose a global threat. “Public health,” he wrote, “too often studies health without intruding upon larger, societal, inescapably laden issues…. If the public health mission is to assure the conditions in which people can achieve the highest attainable state of physical, mental and social well-being, and if these essential conditions predominantly are societal, then public health must work for societal transformation” (2). Jonathan argued that discrimination and other violations of human rights were primary pathologic forces working against the improvement of public health and that if we ignored the plight of those whose rights were violated, we would be less than human ourselves. Jonathan very much admired Eleanor Roosevelt, chair, Declaration of Human Rights Drafting Committee, who on the 10th anniversary of the declaration asked, “Where, after all, do universal human rights begin? In small places, close to home—so close and so small that they cannot be seen on any map of the world. Such are the places where every man, woman and child seeks equal justice, equal opportunity and, equal dignity. Without concerted citizen action to uphold them close to home, we shall look in vain for progress in the larger world” (3). On Jonathan’s desk at Harvard, amidst family photographs, was a framed joker taken from an ordinary deck of cards. When I asked about its significance, he responded that, despite life's challenges, it remains important to smile. So smile we must at the memory of Jonathan and his many accomplishments. Each year, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists remembers by holding a distinguished lecture named in honor of Jonathan M. Mann. The public health practitioner must respond to the needs of people and yet be sensitive to world politics. In solving difficult issues, the practitioner must understand the interconnection of social values and scientific truths and work collaboratively with the medical community. Moved to the forefront by recent acts of terrorism, public health has achieved recognition as first responder and as integral part of planning for and responding to catastrophic health crises. We cannot promote safety and security if we fail to recognize, and advocate for, people around the globe who do not have access to basic health care, adequate living and working conditions, or education to enlighten their response to life’s challenges. The anniversary of Dr. Mann’s untimely death serves as reminder to the medical and public health communities of the ongoing need to promote universal human rights and to focus energies and resources on a global approach to public health.