Complex Environment Noise Barrage Jamming Eeffects on Airborne Warning Radar

For research the radar network operation capability which are effected by complex electromagnetic environment, the paper modeling the radar operation capability cloud rules arithmetic in complex electromagnetic environment and radar network operation capability evaluation model. The operation capability of radar network, which are constituted by 3 radars in complex electromagnetic environment, is simulated & evaluated by Netlogo 3D. The result show that the operation capability of radar is impacted remarkably by complex electromagnetic environment, it could improve the operation capability availably by take the network mode.

Electrical stimulation vs thermal effects in a complex electromagnetic environment

Based on polarization conversion metamaterial, a novel method to counter single-polarization radar is proposed and discussed in this paper. Due to the resonance feature in the polarization conversion, energy attenuation and waveform distortion dual functions can be achieved. For radar, that will strongly reduce the SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) of the matched filter and the probability of detection. A broadband polarization conversion metamaterial structure was designed with multi resonance frequencies. To evaluate the effectiveness, a typical pulse compression radar model was established, the waveform property, correlation loss in the matched filter and probability of radar detection were simulated and calculated. It was found that the metamaterial achieved the function of passive signal modulation, the echo energy was reduced markedly and great distortion was generated near the resonance frequencies, also the correlation loss in the matched filter was significantly increased especially near the resonance frequencies. Finally the calculated probability of radar detection gave furthermore proof of the effectiveness of the method.

Traditional methods regard coverage area of radar network as the union of every radar’s coverage area. Aiming at this issue, the relationship among radar detection range, radar cross section, signal-to-noise ratio, detection probability and false alarm probability is analyzed. Detection probability model for single radar is established. Calculation method of detection probability for radar network is also researched. Coverage area of radar network can be obtained according to the detection probability. Simulation results show coverage area of radar network is not simply the union of every radar’s coverage area and it is decided by the detection probability. Research of this paper provides a theoretical base of detecting, tracking and placement for radar network.

Radar jamming plays an important role in modern military affairs. The current radar jamming technology is mainly divided into two parts: suppressive jamming and deceptive jamming. This paper applies the jamming effect of multi-false target jamming in deceptive jamming and noise AM jamming, noise FM jamming, and noise PM jamming in suppressive jamming to the radar’s echo signal. Besides, this paper studies their influences from the aspect of target detection results through MTI and the influence of these jamming methods on the radar detection probability through CFAR. The experimental results can directly show the influence of interference measures on detection results and detection probability, and prove the effectiveness of these interference methods.

The battlefield environment that modern electronic information equipment faces during use is very complicated, which has become one of the main characteristics of the informationized battlefield. This article starts with the composition and characteristics of a complex electromagnetic environment, references relevant standards, introduces the definition and composition of a complex electromagnetic environment, and summarizes its characteristics. On this basis, this article introduces the general methods of complex electromagnetic environment tests, including digital simulation tests, semi-physical simulation tests, and full-physical simulation tests. Among them, in the full physical simulation test, an equivalent method is generally used to achieve it. At the same time, this article introduces test evaluation methods, including element-level evaluation and effectiveness-level evaluation. Combining engineering practice, this paper puts forward the difficulties of constructing a complex electromagnetic environment. It is an inevitable requirement for the development of weapons and equipment to carry out comprehensive experimental research on the complex electromagnetic environment of aircraft, and to be able to assess the combat capability of the product. It is also an objective requirement for the development trend of the information military.

Electronic jamming is the key technology of electronic countermeasure, for which models and simulations are studied on noise jamming, deception jamming, and chaff jamming. In the noise jamming, the simulation analysis of radio frequency noise jamming is conducted and the theoretical models of other forms of noise jamming are built. The simulation analysis of range-gate pull off (RGPO) is carried out in the deception jamming. In addition, theoretical modeling and simulation analysis of chaff jamming are carried out with the Monte Carlo method. Simulation results show that the models are correct and can be used to simulate the statistical characteristics of chaff jamming. With the development and wide application of electronic technology, radar, communication, navigation, and IFF signals constitute a complex electromagnetic environment. It is a must to study electronic jamming technology in the complex electromagnetic environment, which will play an indispensable role in the construction of information team and victory in the countermeasure of information technology.

This study introduces an electromagnetic interference detection technique to increase the immunity of a microcontroller-based system in a complex electromagnetic environment (EME). The detection method is explained. First, the interference in the power supply and at the input port of the microcontroller is detected. The simulation results are achieved in both time domain and frequency domain. The measurement results are obtained to verify the correctness of the detection method and the application of the detection method in the automotive field is presented. The final objective of the work is to ensure that the microcontroller-based system works fast in a normal EME and correctly in a complex EME without adding too much cost.

Pulsed eddy current (PEC) testing technology has been widely used in the field of non-destructive testing of metal grounding structures due to its wide-band excitation and response characteristics. However, multi-source noise in industrial environments can significantly degrade the performance of PEC sensors, thereby limiting their detection accuracy. This study proposes a multi-modal joint pulsed eddy current signal sensor denoising method that integrates the inductive disturbance mechanism. This method constructs the Improved Whale Optimization -Variational Mode Decomposition-Singular Value Decomposition-Wavelet Threshold Denoising (IWOA-VMD-SVD-WTD) fourth-order processing architecture: IWOA adaptively optimizes the VMD essential variables (K, α) and employs the optimized VMD to decompose the perception coefficient (IMF) of the PEC signal. It utilizes the correlation coefficient criterion to filter and identify the primary noise components within the signal, and the SVD-WTD joint denoising model is established to reconstruct each component to remove the noise signal received by the PEC sensor. To ascertain the efficacy of this approach, we compared the IWOA-VMD-SVD-WTD method with other denoising methods under three different noise levels through experiments. The test results show that compared with other VMD-based denoising techniques, the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the PEC signal received by the receiving coil for 200 noise signals in different noise environments is 24.31 dB, 29.72 dB and 29.64 dB, respectively. The average SNR of the other two denoising techniques in different noise environments is 15.48 dB, 18.87 dB, 18.46 dB and 19.32 dB, 27.13 dB, 26.78 dB, respectively, which is significantly better than other denoising methods. In addition, in practical applications, this method is better than other technologies in denoising PEC signals and successfully achieves noise reduction and signal feature extraction. This study provides a new technical solution for extracting pure and impurity-free PEC signals in complex electromagnetic environments.

This article presents an overview of wideband and multiband antennas for both ground-based and airborne applications. It includes previously published designs as well as new ones with improved performance. The use of such antennas significantly enhances the overall efficiency of communication systems. For airborne antennas, benefits include reduced aerodynamic drag, improved performance of radio communication equipment, lower UAV takeoff weight, reduced feeder line losses, and improved electromagnetic compatibility. For ground antennas, advantages include reduced weight and size of the ground control station (terminal), simplification and higher efficiency of the data terminal, shorter deployment time, and improved mechanical strength. The article also presents an application diagram for wideband and multiband antennas in UAS communication systems. The diagram illustrates the potential of using multiple communication modems configured for different frequency ranges via microstrip multiplexers. The results can be useful for developers of both unmanned aerial systems and UAS communication equipment, including individual components. The article demonstrates that the use of wideband and multiband ground and airborne antennas can substantially improve communication quality in complex electromagnetic environments while maintaining optimal values for weight, size, aerodynamic drag, and technological advancement of UAS communication equipment.

The increasingly complex electromagnetic environment (CEME), characterized by dense signal occupancy, intentional interference, and dynamic spectral congestion, poses significant challenges to electromagnetic (EM) sensing technologies. This review comprehensively surveys the theoretical foundations and practical applications of EM sensing within such challenging environments. Key theoretical principles underpinning robust sensing in CEME are elucidated. The topics include wave propagation fundamentals, advanced modeling and characterization of CEME, detection and estimation theory under interference, and electromagnetic compatibility coupled with dynamic spectrum management. The practical deployment of EM sensing technologies is examined across critical sectors including defense (leveraging cognitive radar, multi-sensor fusion), communications (spectrum sensing for cognitive radio/dynamic access), and aerospace (addressing interference threats like 5G to altimeters). Emerging trends such as AI/ML-enhanced sensing, integrated sensing and communication, and collaborative/distributed sensing networks are highlighted as pivotal for future advancements. The review concludes by outlining key challenges and research directions aimed at enhancing sensor adaptability, resilience, and spectral efficiency in the face of ever-growing EM complexity.

In order to take full advantage of the discontinuous and irregular frequency in complex electromagnetic environment, an irregular carrier aggregation method is proposed. In the proposed method, several frequency bands from 1 MHz to 20 MHz can be combined to a wideband channel, witch can transmit HD image etc. The process and the key technologies are introduced, including channelized spectrum, resource allocation, synchronization and channel estimation. Analysis shows that the proposed carrier aggregation method has effective anti-jamming ability and the spectrum resources can be utilized efficiently.

The purpose of this article is a brief overview of the results of research on the use of noise-like signals in broadband radio systems conducted under the leadership of Yuri Vasilyevich Gulyaev. Methods. The conducted research was based on the previous experience of the V.A. Kotelnikov IRE RAS research team related to the development of analog noise-like devices (shumotrons) based on the concept of dynamic chaos. The continuation of these studies was associated with the development of digital chaos based on integer generating algorithms that could be easily reproduced on any digital technology. Results. Promising directions of using information technologies using dynamic chaos for the transmission, processing, storage and protection of information are considered. Broadband information transmission systems using complex signals with a large base, built on the basis of systems with chaotic dynamics, are presented. Finite-dimensional mathematical algorithms for calculating chaotic signals by reconstructing nonlinear dynamics in dissipative systems with a delay are proposed. Conclusion. It is shown that a digital information transmission system with spectrum expansion and dynamic change of chaotic codes has high noise immunity, secrecy, electromagnetic compatibility and ensures reliable and confidential transmission of messages in a complex electromagnetic environment. Schemes for masking, protecting, processing, and transmitting information are implemented based on original chaotic algorithms. An experimental study of the noise radar layout in laboratory conditions demonstrated a sufficiently high accuracy of radar range measurements over the entire measurement range with dual spectral signal processing, as well as a high range resolution of 15 cm (with an effective bandwidth of 800- 900 MHz).

To solve the problem that tradition signal recognition algorithms cannot effectively recognize the contaminated and diverse radar signals in complex and variable Electronic Warfare (EW) environment, a new recognition method based on deep convolutional neural network (CNN) and time-frequency (TF) analysis is proposed. Firstly, the TF images of radar signals are extracted as the inputs to the CNN model. Then, a new network, called CNN-TF, is constructed to analyze these time-frequency images and use the robustness of CNN to suppress the noise interference. Thirdly, a complete and diverse signal librai7 is constructed based on the complex EW environment, and the librai7 is used to train and test CNN-TF. Finally, trained CNN-TF will be used for signal recognition. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm not only improves the performance of signal recognition, but also has excellent anti-noise performance, which makes the proposed algorithm adapt to the complex and variable electronic warfare environment.

Radar signal sorting is a key technology in electronic warfare. The quality of signal sorting directly determines the outcome of electronic warfare. The accuracy and real-time performance of signal sorting are two important indicators to evaluate the quality of signal sorting. With the increasingly complex electronic countermeasure environment, there are many radar radiation sources in the battlefield, and the signal aliasing is serious. At the same time, there may be pulse loss and interference pulse in the electromagnetic environment. In such a complex electromagnetic environment, in order to improve the accuracy and real-time of radar signal sorting and master the battlefield initiative, this paper proposes a method of radar signal batch processing sorting based on sliding window. Firstly, the radar signal sorting transient library and the sorted radar signal library are set up, and the transient library is used to store radar signals in the sliding window. Move the sliding window continuously from the starting point. When the number of signals in the transient library is higher than the specified threshold, sort the radar signals in the transient library, and then store the sorted radar signals in the sorted radar signal library and delete them from the transient library. When the sliding window moves to the end point, the signals in the sorted radar signal library are merged. Simulation results show that compared with traditional methods, the proposed method has higher sorting accuracy and better real-time performance when there are more radar pulses and pulse loss.