Conformal Band Notched Circular Monopole Antenna Loaded with Split Ring Resonator

In this paper, a band-stop filter in Ka band is proposed, which is based on substrate integrated waveguide(SIW) resonators and complementary split ring resonators(CSRR). The SIW resonators filter is provided with high pass characteristics. We show that near the resonance point, the impedance characteristics is significantly increased by CSRR. Therefore, we can combine the SIW resonators and CSRRs to change the high pass characteristics and significantly improve the rejection level of the stop-band by etching CSRRs on the top layer in the SIW resonators. The simulated insertion loss of the filter is around 𢀒 1dB and the return loss is less than 𢀒15dB at the frequency range of 26 to 29 GHz and 32.5 to 36 GHz. In addition, the rejection level is above 𢀒20dB from 29.5 to 32GHz.

A novel composite right-/left-handed transmission line (CRLH TL) and its equivalent circuit model are proposed based on cascaded complementary single split ring resonator (CCSSRR). It features an intrinsically balanced wider band and an additional transmission zero above the right-handed band relative to CRLH TL using complementary single split ring resonator and complementary split ring resonators. Moreover, two single negative (SN) metamaterial (MTM) TLs constructed by using complementary electric inductive-capacitive resonator on the conductor strip and on the ground, respectively, are researched. Both SN MTM TLs exhibit electric resonance above the fundamental magnetic resonance. For application, a monoband (MB) bandpass filter (BPF) covered WLAN band, and a dual-band (DB) BPF covered satellite DMB band and WiMAX band are designed, fabricated, and measured. The SN MTM TLs are adopted for the sake of deep and wide out-of-band suppression while CRLH MTM TLs using square-shaped and Sierpinski-shaped CCSSRR are critical factors of the MB and DB behavior. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Abstract. A compact (0.16  g × 0.08  g ) and wide stop-band lowpass filter design using open complementary split ring resonator (OCSRR) and defected ground structure (DGS) is presented in this paper. Low pass filter is con-structed using two cascaded stages of OCSRR. Since the rejection bandwidth of the OCSRR is narrow, tapered dumbbell shaped DGS section is placed under the OCSRR to enhance the bandwidth. The cutoff frequency (f c ) of the proposed lowpass filter is 1.09 GHz. The rejection band-width of the filter covers the entire ultra wideband spec-trum. Hence the spurious passband suppression is achieved up to 10 f c . The designed filter has been fabri-cated and validated by experimental results. Keywords Lowpass filter, defected ground structure (DGS), open complementary split ring resonator (OCSRR) 1. Introduction On the motive of conventional filter design methods such as stepped impedance and open stub suffering from poor skirt characteristics and spurious passband, re-searchers have paid great attention over the past few years in designing a compact and sharp cutoff lowpass filters with spurious free wide stopband. Lowpass filter using different defected ground structures (DGS), photonic bandgap (PBG) structures and electromagnetic bandgap structures have been proposed in various literatures [1–9]. Sharp cutoff and low insertion loss lowpass filter using a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) is reported in [3]. Cascaded stages of CSRR with open stub configura-tion, exhibiting sharp cutoff lowpass response are pre-sented in [4]. Planar photonic bandgap (PBG) structures involving compact microstrip resonating cell (CMCR) are utilized to design a lowpass filter with wide stopband [5]. Recently, a lowpass filter with very sharp transition band using OCSRR is demonstrated in [6]. In this paper, a new technique is proposed to reduce the size of the lowpass filter and to obtain the wide spurious free stopband. The lowpass filter is designed using open complementary split ring resonator and a tapered dumbbell shaped DGS is placed under the OCSRRs to extend the stopband. The proposed lowpass filter is smaller and outperforming the existing filters in terms of insertion loss level, roll off rate and rejection bandwidth. Figure 1 shows the schematic of OCSRR printed on the microstrip line. This structure is first proposed in [6] for designing a sharp cutoff lowpass filter with compact size. OCSRR is a negative image of the open split ring resonator. To study the frequency response characteristics of the OCSRR, this structure is designed on Rogers 5880 substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a substrate thickness of 0.381 mm and simulated using an Ansys full wave simulator.

This paper presents the performance analysis of two different conformal band pass filters (BPFs) loaded with an array of circular complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs). Type-1 bandpass filter has been designed by integrating a 9 × 9 array of circular complementary split ring resonator on the bottom layer of the filter. Similarly, Type-2 bandpass filter has been constructed by loading an array of 5 × 5 split ring resonator on the patch layer of the filter. A comparative study between Type-1 and Type-2 bandpass filters are also evaluated that shows dual pass bands for Type-1 filter and triple pass bands for the Type-2 bandpass filter. Furthermore, the conformality of both bandpass filters are judged through bending deformation analysis with various bending positions at 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°. During the bending performance analysis, the suggested BPFs retains the dual and triple pass band characteristics without any major deviations in its characteristic's parameters. Various performance parameters like return loss, insertion loss, group delay, bandwidth, and quality factor are measured. Detailed analysis of E and H field distributions and surface current distributions are also presented. The Type-2 bandpass filter shows better performance in terms of filter properties compared to Type-1 band pass filter. Hence, the prototype of Type-2 filter with an area of 30 × 30 mm2 is fabricated and measured. The validated results are agreed with the simulated results which confirms the applicability of the proposed filter for several modern wireless communication applications such as Wi-Max and personal communication systems (PCS) applications.

A folded multiple-mode resonator (FMMR) with complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), defected ground structures (DGS) and inter-digital couple is introduced for ultra-wideband bandpass filter design in this paper. The wider bandwidth (3.1 to 9.8 GHz) with FBW = 126 %, lower insertion loss (0.26 dB), and higher rejection level (-44 dB) of UWB band at central frequency f0 = 5.6 GHz are presented. By using the CSRR and inter-digital couple, three notch responses can exist in the UWB passband for blocking the interference signals. Adjusting the size factor of CSRR and inter-digital couple, the wide tuning ranges of notch frequencies included the desired frequencies of 5.18/6.10/8.08 GHz are achieved. The wide tuning ranges of two notch frequencies cover from 5.0 GHz to 8.4 GHz. It is a simple way to control the notch response.

A simple and successful dual band patch linear polarized rectangular antenna design is presented. The dual band antenna is designed etching a complementary rectangular split-ring resonator in the patch of a conventional rectangular patch antenna. Furthermore, a parametric study shows the influence of the location of the CSRR particle on the radiation characteristics of the dual band antenna. Going further, a miniaturization of the conventional rectangular patch antenna and an enhancement of the complementary split-ring resonator resonance gain versus the location of the CSRR on the patch are achieved. The dual band antenna design has been made feasible due to the quasistatic resonance property of the complementary split-ring resonators. The simulated results are compared with measured data and good agreement is reported.

In this paper, Inset Feed Slotted Rectangular Microstrip patch antenna using a metamaterial based Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) is designed for operating in dual band frequency range of 2.4–5.8 GHz. The microstrip antenna is designed over a FR4 epoxy substrate with an inset feed microstrip line geometry. To obtain desired dual band and radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna a CSRR is etched in the ground plane. The CSRR structure is used to obtain the dual band characteristics. The resonating frequency of the proposed design is suitable for Wide Local Area Network (WLAN) application. The proposed design is simulated in High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) software. The return loss obtained for both the operating frequency is −26 dB.

In this paper, a compact quad-band bandpass filter based on complement square split-ring resonator (CSRR) defected ground structure (DGS) is proposed. The CSRR as DGS can generate two passbands. Two transmission zeros are created to improve the selectivity of the proposed passband filter and isolation between the generated passbands. Design is simulated using ADS/Momentum and EM Simulation software (CST). The simulated results show that the proposed quad-band BPF has four passbands centered at 1.96, 3.19, 4.69 and 6.43 GHz with the fractional bandwidth of 17.85, 9.4, 11.96 and 23.29%, respectively. The simulated ILs at CF of each passband are 1.23, 2.25, 1.74, and 1.54 dB, respectively.

A physically compact dual band antenna design is presented for use in mobile WLAN and mid-band WiMAX applications. The antenna design is based on a monopole, with a combination of metamaterial inspired features, based on a defected ground structure (GDS) and a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR). A single CSRR unit cell is placed over a pentagonal monopole antenna, producing a narrow stop-band frequency in the range from 2.40 GHz to 2.49 GHz. The second operating frequency ranges from 3.44 GHz to 6.25 GHz, the broad-banding being due to the influence of the defected ground structure. The antenna design was optimized using HFSS, paying close attention to size constraints, and ease of integration with the radio front end. Simulation results for return loss, gain and radiation pattern are analyzed and presented.

In this work, a circularly polarized (CP) dual band corner extended slot antenna loaded with a split ring resonator (SRR), which is modified in its structure, is presented. The antenna operates in two bands. The lower resonance frequency is obtained due to the slot dimension. The slot antenna is excited using them microstrip feed line. The corner extended slot antenna produce two degenerative modes which are require to obtain CP in the lower resonant frequency. An SRR is etched on a corner of the slot structure to obtain the upper resonance frequency. The slot antenna produce magnetic field which is axial in direction to modified SRR and excites it. To achieve CP in the upper frequency band, strips with asymmetric in nature are introduced in the SRR which creates equal magnitude with a 90° phase. The CP antenna with dual band characteristics is capable of tuning the resonance frequencies and polarization sense independently in each frequency band. The designed antenna is operated at 1.58 GHz and 1.95 GHz. The simulated results shows that the lower resonant frequency has a −10 dB impedance bandwidth from 1.47GHz-1.62GHz and upper resonant frequency from 1.84 GHz-2.08 GHz. A 200MHz of axial ratio (<3dB) bandwidth in the lower resonant frequency and 130MHz in the upper resonant frequency is obtained respectively. The simulated radiation efficiency of >75% is achieved in both bands.

ABSTRACTIn this letter, a novel microstrip patch antenna is designed with the use of both split ring resonator (SRR) and complementary split ring resonator (CSRR). The use of SRR and CSRR in the substrate and base material, respectively, have changed the behavior of the material and now it acts as metamaterial. Metamaterials exhibit new electromagnetic response functions that cannot be found in nature. The addition of SRR and CSRR in the regular patch changes the permeability (µ) and the permittivity (ε) of the material. Due to the change in these two properties of the material the resonance changes and now patch design shows the multiband result. Here the design shows three bands with its center frequencies 3.31, 3.88, and 4.61 GHz. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2219–2222, 2013

A novel compact and highly selective Ultra Wide Band (UWB) filter is proposed using multimode resonator (MMR) technology. To begin with, the filter's ultra-wideband performance is achieved by coupling a stepped-triangular multimode resonator with input-output feedlines. Furthermore, dual-notch band characteristics are realized at 6.80 GHz and 9.82 GHz, employing asymmetric coupled lines and the split ring resonator (SRR) methods. Eventually, by using a Defected Ground Structure (DGS), the filter's correct transmission zero is deepened, further enhancing the out-of-band suppression performance at higher frequencies. The measured results are in excellent agreement with the experimental results, and the filter has a passband range of 3.52-11.68 GHz, a center frequency of 7.59 GHz, an insertion loss of just 0.61 dB, and a return loss of more than 18 dB. The transmission zeros have a rejection capability of more than 47 dB attenuation, and the rectangular coefficient of the filter is 1.34, which is outstanding for filtering out the interference signals in the parasitic passband with superior selectivity. The overall structure is compact, and the size is just 0.41λg×0.20λg. The filter can be used for UWB system filtering and also to avoid interference from some Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) IEEE 802.11 series and x-band satellite link frequency bands.

we report our investigation on third harmonic generation (THG) in the terahertz (THz) regime using double resonant frequency selective metasurface composed of square-shaped periodic complementary single split ring resonators.

A compact printed ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with dual band-notched characteristics is presented. One complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) is etched inside the patch of the monopole antenna to achieve dual notch frequency bands. A practical example for a UWB antenna (working from 2.90 to 12 GHz) is demonstrated, with one notch frequency band at 3.40–3.48 GHz and the other at 5.40–5.98 GHz. In addition, the effect of the dimensions of the CSRR on the dual notch frequency bands is also analysed.

A coplanar waveguide‐fed metamaterial antenna is presented. The proposed antenna is composed of two‐unit cell composite right/left‐handed transmission line (CRLH‐TL) loaded with split ring resonators (SRRs) and complementary SRRs (CSRRs). The wideband characteristic is obtained by merging the three closely spaced resonances of CRLH‐TL. The loading of SRRs and CSRRs not only improves the impedance matching but also enhances the overall gain and radiation efficiency. The measured results show a −10 dB fractional bandwidth of 67% (6.48–13 GHz) with the realised gains of 2.98, 3.43, 3.15, 2.75 and 2.61 dBi at the resonant frequencies 8.3, 9.2, 10.3, 11 and 12 GHz, respectively. The radiation efficiency is above 67% over the entire band of operation with a peak value of 81.72%. The measured results agree well with the simulated results. The proposed antenna is suitable for X‐band (8–12 GHz) applications.