Corner truncated broadband patch antenna with circular slots

In this paper, we have designed various shapes of patch antennas like Rectangular patch antenna, U-shaped, E-shaped and Rectangular shaped vertical slot antenna which is resonated at 0.7THz–0.8THz. The main theme of this paper is to overcome the major disadvantages of basic microstrip patch antenna like narrow bandwidth, high return loss etc. The recent improvements in wireless technology give a big challenge to design a patch antenna which results in wide bandwidth, low loss and better efficiency at terahertz region. The performance of various shapes can be analyzed by different parameters like Return loss, VSWR, Radiation pattern. In this parametric study, we have investigated and found that among all the configurations the Rectangular shaped vertical slot antenna yields better performance and having a return loss of −32db and it resonates at 0.75THZ. Terahertz antennas which find its applications in satellite communications, civil and military applications. The proposed antennas are designed and simulated by using a finite element method based electromagnetic solver, Ansys-High-Frequency Structure Simulator Software(HFSS).

In this article a simple and small size wideband square patch antenna has been examined for band notch characteristics. In order to broadening the band width of the simple patch antenna, the role of partial ground has been critically studied and analyzed. The presented methodology reveals that the implementation of meander line fractal shaped defected ground structure not only augment the band width of the antenna but also provide a notched band at 12.14 GHz required to reject the interference for existing wireless communication. A prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated to validate the simulated results. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement.

The study presents an investigation of the effects of a single, or multiple circular shaped slot (cut) can be used to improve the performance of a simple patch antenna operating in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) frequencies (2.4 Ghz). The design is achieved by cutting single or multiple circular slots at the radiating element of the patch antenna. The effects of different circular slots orientations are also examined. The proposed configurations are simulated using the HFSS software package, where return loss, input impedance (Z-parameter), and radiation patterns are used for the analysis of the different configurations. Compared to the conventional rectangular patch antenna slot loading antennas have good return loss, for these reasons we have associated the two techniques simultaneously in the same patch antenna for benefit from its advantages and minimized manufacturing cost.

The article describes a dual‐band circularly polarized stacked patch antenna for sub‐6 GHz 5G applications. The radiating patch consists of a circular patch, four equi‐triangle patch, and four sets of interdigital resonators (IDRs) for achieving dual‐band with circular polarization (CP). The presented antenna is fed by two co‐axial feeding and two sequentially rotated striplines where the sequentially rotated striplines are printed on the top layer of the second substrate to provide CP. The two coaxial feeds are given from the bottom of the second substrate with a 50‐ohm SMA connector. This stacked radiator exhibits dual‐band resonance with the bandwidths of 1 and 0.6 GHz covering the frequency ranges of 3.2–4.2 GHz and 5.2–5.8 GHz, respectively, and the fractional bandwidths are (28%) and (17%), respectively. The proposed antenna has both the right‐handed and left‐handed CP. The overall physical size is reduced by 18%. The peak gain of the antenna is 4.8 and 4.4 dBi at 3.5 and 5.5 GHz, respectively. The simulated and fabricated results have good agreement between them. This antenna is suitable for sub‐6 GHz 5G applications including aerospace applications, satellite communication, and terrestrial applications.

This paper presents the design and performance analysis of a high-performance planar antenna with dimensions of 12×12×1.6 mm³. The antenna is designed for broad operational bandwidth, efficient radiation, and optimal impedance matching for applications in aerospace, 5G, military communication, and millimetre-wave (mmWave) satellite communication systems. The front view reveals a symmetric stepped arrangement of rectangular patches, while the back view shows six symmetrically placed circular slots on the ground plane. The antenna demonstrates a peak gain of 6.2 dBi and an impressive efficiency of 91%. The multi-stage design evolution ensures wideband resonance from 9.4 GHz to 60 GHz, as indicated by the return loss plot, with several points below -10 dB across the spectrum. Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) values below 2 across the 10 to 20 GHz range signify good impedance matching. The surface current distribution and radiation patterns indicate efficient, directional radiation across the frequency range, making the antenna suitable for high-frequency and mmWave satellite communication applications.

Adaptive filters have been used in many diverse applications in the past. An investigation of possible applications in space communications to fixed and mobile platforms is addressed here. Mobile satellite communications has been advanced over the past few years with introduction of several new operational systems (e.g., Thuraya, Globalstar, and Irridium), in addition to the existing INMARSAT and Mobile Satellite Ventures systems. In particular, satellite communications with aircraft are currently receiving considerable development attention. With the potentially large number of users, many issues require attention, particularly interference mitigation for improving signal quality. In this paper, stochastic gradient algorithms, based on the Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm, and Transform based LMS are used in illustrative applications. The type of algorithm chosen affects both the speed of convergence and the complexity of implementation. Several simulation results are provided using models built to study these applications. Among these applications are channel identification, adaptive channel equalization, interference rejection of narrow band signals within wide band signals, and phased array antenna beam forming.

Compact bowtie-shaped microstrip patch antennas with low cross-polarization and wideband harmonic suppression

In this research, we utilized Ansoft's HFSS v13, which is a Finite Element Method (FEM) based electromagnetic (EM) simulator, to design and analyze two types of patch antennas: a 1x4 circular microstrip patch antenna and a 1x4 hexagonal microstrip patch antenna, operating at 5 GHz. The circular patch antenna was fabricated on a FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4dB and a height of 1.6mm. Various antenna characteristics, such as return loss, radiation pattern, directivity, gain, return loss and radiation efficiency, were investigated. The designed 1x4 hexagonal patch antenna and 1x4 circular patch antenna achieved a bandwidth of 3.79% with return loss values well below -30dB. Additionally, a favorable directivity value of 4.5dBi and a gain of 2.7dBi for the 1x4 circular patch antenna and a gain of 3.9dBi for the 1x4 hexagonal patch antenna were obtained. Due to their C-band architecture, these microstrip patch antennas can be employed in various satellite communication applications, such as transponders.

For the next generation applications in mobile communication, radar and satellite communication we need the devices that can operate at high frequencies and high power with minimum power consumption. There is a growing importance in the recent years for the development of GaN transistors.This paper presents design of the power efficient GaN based high power amplifier operating in the bandwidth of 5GHz – 7GHz based on a 12 Watt Discrete Power GaN on SiC HEMT from TriQuint. In this manuscript the design of RF power amplifier, its stability, input and output matching impedance and performance for 5-7GHz is presented. Design and simulations of the power amplifier are carried out using Advanced Design System (ADS). Simulation results of device stability, gain and Power Added Efficiency (PAE) shows good accordance with the specifications and parameters of the device.In the design process, for better correlation in measurement and simulation results precision of passive element models are specially considered. In 1 dB compression point for the designed high power amplifier, the experiment and the simulation results show a Power Efficiency of 68%.

One of the ways to achieve high gain in microstrip antennas is by using electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures. Incorporating EBG in the design supresses surface waves in the antenna ground plane and also helps in obtaining a uniform field distribution. The main objective of this paper is to obtain a high gain antenna suitable for WiMAX application by simply placing multiple EBG structures on the same plane of patch antenna. A simple microstrip patch antenna with and without EBG structures is designed and simulated using AnsoftHFSSTMsoftware with FR4 substrate having a dielectric constant of 4.4, loss tangent of 0.02 and thickness of 1.57mm at a resonating frequency of 5.6 GHz. The proposed EBG antenna increased the gain by approximately two times when compared with a simple micro-strip patch antenna.

The Faculty of Information Technology and Systems (ITS) of Delft University of Technology (DUT) has developed an efficient and effective strategy for the implementation of research programs in the fields of telecommunications transmission and radar, the International Research Centre for Telecommunications transmission and Radar (IRCTR). Under the auspices of the IRCTR, cooperation with a large number of national and internally scientific institutes and companies has been established. For the last decade many companies, institutions and universities have participated in the radar and remote sensing research activities of DUT. As a result of that, the radar technology and systems, antennas and propagation and remote sensing research carried out at the Delft University of Technology has gained national and international recognition. In addition to radar there are the immense developments taking place in wireless communications which need to be addressed. Broadband communications are growing sectors with important applications in office automation, logistics services, personal communications and satellite communications. Unique research facilities for radars and communications have been built. These include DARR (Delft Atmospheric Research Radar), SOLIDAR (solid state radar), TARA (transportable atmospheric radar), DUCAT (Delft University Chamber for Antenna Tests) and CM-MM wave test and measurement equipment, as well as unique real-time computer and signal processing systems.

A single-feed, miniaturized circularly polarized (CP) metal patch antenna with a shorting screw or pin for low cost Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) application is proposed in this paper. Traditional dielectric substrate is replaced by air in this design to achieve higher radiation efficiency and lower cost aiming for mass production. Based on the conventional approach of CP patch antennas using truncated corners, an additional shorting screw/pin is added, together with slits and a circular slot in the middle to enhance the impedance and axial ratio (AR) bandwidth without increasing the antenna size or tuning the feeding position. The effect of different pin positions on antenna performance is studied. This antenna is carefully designed, fabricated and tested with a very low cost. Measured results show that the antenna has a −10 dB fractional impedance bandwidth of 7.3% and an AR bandwidth of 1.6%. The antenna shows an electrical size of 0.396λ * 0.396λ * 0.035λ at 886 MHz, a measured average gain of 8 dBi and a radiation efficiency better than −1 dB across the designed 886-950 MHz UHF RFID band.

A low profile patch antenna for GNSS application is presented, which is designed by a legacy L feed underneath the slot to provide a circular polarization. The simulation reveals a wide impedance bandwidth of 46.15% from 1.05 to 1.68 GHz (RLBW ≤ -10 dB), a wide axial ratio bandwidth of 40.84% from 1.13 to 1.71 GHz (ARBW ≤ 3 dB) and gain is in between 1.62 and 3.14 dBi. Although the proposed antenna are inexpensive, compact size, weightless and easy to fabricate, but the measured results can reach to the GNSS requirements for an entire band (1.146-1.616 GHz).

This article introduces the basic principle of turbo codes and the basic overview of satellite communication system and analyzes the feasibility of turbo codes in satellite communication and proves its unique advantages over other coding methods in satellite communication through simulation. Finally, we analyze the performance of multiple turbo codes and discuss the feasibility of their application in satellite communication by combining the previous studies and make limitations on their performance above triple turbo codes.

This paper presents a novel slotted rectangular dual-band (28/42GHz) patch antenna for fifth generation (5G) network applications. A simple microstrip patch antenna of the size 8×8×0.8 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> has been proposed having impedance bandwidth of 2/9.2 GHz for 28/42 GHz transmission frequency, to resolve the issues of the required compactness, high gain and improved efficiency of the 5G wireless applications. Rogers RO4350 (lossy) is used as a substrate material having dielectric constant and thickness of ε <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> =3.66 and 0.8 mm, respectively. For the resonant frequencies of 28.2 GHz and 42 GHz, the gain of 6.2 dB is achieved for the entire considered bandwidth and a directional radiation pattern is achieved for millimeter-wave transmission. A defected ground structure (DGS) is formed by placing a rectangular slot under the ground, underneath the feed line of a microstrip patch antenna (MSA) which results in improving of the gain. The comparison of the DGS, full ground, and the effect of the slot technique are shown in detail with simulation results in CST. The results for return loss, VSWR, gain, efficiency, directivity, and current distributions shows that the proposed antenna is well suited for the 5G applications in the millimeter-wave region.