Cross-layer security solution for secure communication of sensorsin Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper designs the mathematical model of fiber line power, optimization of wireless sensor network node and multi distributed IP, and uses C language to program the model, finally get a new energy-saving mechanism model of wireless sensor network.Combined with the distributed IPv6 technology and IEEE802.15.4 protocol, this paper designs a new 6LoWPAN wireless sensor network energy-saving mechanism, which realizes the seamless splicing energy-saving effect between wireless sensor network and the internet, and based on this develops Contiki integrated environment of wireless sensor network energy-saving test.Finally this paper uses Firefox browser with B/S architecture to test energysaving mechanism.Through the test we found that between two nodes of wireless sensor network, they can effectively realize sending and receiving of UDP data, and through IPv6 gateway it can connect with internet, and complete collection and transmission of data.Through the simulation calculation of power consumption, in accepting, transmission and idle periods, the wireless sensor network can save energy effectively, which reduces the splicing cost of internet and wireless sensor network.It provides the technical reference for the design of wireless sensor network.

In a wireless sensor network, the size of radio nodes has direct relation to the cost of total wireless sensor networks, and at the same time, the problem is closely connected to wireless sensor networks' performance, such as robust, fault-tolerance, and further more, it is considered at first as wireless sensor networks are designed. Therefore, the research on the size of radio nodes has significant meanings of theory and practice to design of wireless sensor networks. The paper simplifies complex coverage problem step by step. By means of math modeling, theoretical analysis and formula deducting, classical geometric theories and the method of mathematics induction are adopted, at last, the analysis formula of minimum number of nodes is theoretically educed under circumstances of entire and seamless coverage in WSN. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the conclusion is the full same with computing the number of communication nodes of wireless sensor networks.

In wireless sensor networks, the mobile agent technology is used in data transmission from one cluster to another cluster. The Optimization of mobile agent in the routing within the clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks to further reduce the amount of data transfer. the main objectives of wireless sensor network design is to improve the energy efficiency & effective utilization of sensor nodes to prolong the lifespan of a wireless network .This paper presents an effective clustering algorithm, which is an extension to the LEACH routing algorithm., this algorithm fully utilizes the location information of network nodes in routing to reduce the routing cost. Through a clustering approach of intelligent mobile agents, it is possible to reduce the cost of time for each individual agent, here the problem of Multiple Clustering of Mobile Agents (MCCMA) where the decision is to cluster mobile agents such that a group of similar intelligent mobile agents will visit a group of similar sensor nodes are compare with location based clustering algorithm of wsn. both of Simulation results indicate that these algorithm & approach of mobile agent & wireless sensor network Nodes can have balance nodes' energy consumption and prolong the network's life span. It also has good extensibility & stability

The main goal of the paper is to develop a wireless sensor network test-bed that collects information from a set of sensors and forwards information to the remote server. The data on the server will be processed by the software created in Matlab & Simulink. This work describes a method of creating wireless sensor network. Modern standards like IEEE 802.l ln and Mobile Network's 5G are used to organize the wireless network. A method is presented, which controls engineering systems of building and delivers rational use of energy resources. The article also describes the architecture of designing a complex wireless network system, which has the connection in real time (online) with automatics and engineering systems of the building. This complex system helps to collect data for the effective intellectual analysis.

Sensor networks are deployed in numerous military and civil applications, such as remote target detection, weather monitoring, weather forecast, natural resource exploration and disaster management. Despite having many potential applications, wireless sensor networks still face a number of challenges due to their particular characteristics that other wireless networks, like cellular networks or mobile ad hoc networks do not have. The most difficult challenge of the design of wireless sensor networks is the limited energy resource of the battery of the sensors. This limited resource restricts the operational time that wireless sensor networks can function in their applications. Routing protocols play a major part in the energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks because data communication dissipates most of the energy resource of the networks. This paper studies the importance of considering neighboring nodes in the energy efficiency routing problem. After showing that the routing problem that considers the remaining energy of all sensor nodes is NP-complete, heuristics are proposed for the problem. Simulation results show that the routing algorithm that considers the remaining energy of all sensor nodes improves the system lifetime significantly compared to that of minimum transmission energy algorithms. Also, the energy dissipation of neighboring nodes accounts for a considerable amount of the total energy dissipation. Therefore, a method that reduces the energy dissipation by notifying the neighboring nodes to turn off their radio when not necessary is proposed. By reducing the unnecessary energy dissipation of the neighbors, the lifetime is increased significantly.

New and diverse applications for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have led to new challenges. Cross-layer approaches have proven to be the most efficient optimization techniques for these problems, since they are able to take the behavior of the protocols at each layer into consideration to overcome the constraints for WSNs. Thus, this chapter focuses on identifying the core problems of WSNs and collects available cross layer solutions for them that have been proposed. The literature on cross-layer protocols, protocol improvements, and design methodologies for WSNs are reviewed, and a taxonomy is proposed in order to provide insights on the identification of cross-layer design in WSNs. The open issues are discussed in detail for future research, and precautionary guidelines for cross layer design to WSNs are indicated.

Building modern Internet of Things (IoT) systems is associated with a number of challenges. One of the most significant among them is the need for wireless technology, which will serve to build connectivity between the individual components of this technology. In the larger cities of Bulgaria, measures to ensure low levels of harmful emissions, reduce noise levels, and ensure comfort in urban environments have been taken. LoRa technology shows more advantages in transmission distance and low energy consumption compared to other technologies. That is why this technology was chosen for the design of wireless sensor networks (WSN) for six cities in Bulgaria. These networks have the potential to be used in IoT configurations. Appropriate modules and devices for building WSN for cities in Bulgaria have been selected. It has been found that the greater number of nodes in the WSN leads to an increase in the average power consumed in the network. On the other hand, depending on the location of these nodes, the energy consumed may decrease. The performance of wireless sensor networks can be optimized by applying appropriate routing protocols, which are proposed in the available literature. The methodology for energy efficiency analysis of WSN can be used in the design of wireless sensor networks to determine the parameters of the environment, with the possibility of application in IoT.

Problem statement: The Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs) is a wireless network used for communication among sensor nodes operating on or inside the human body in order to monitor vital body parameters and movements. This study surveys the state-of-the-art on Wireless Body Area Networks, discussing the major components of research in this area including physiological sensing and preprocessing, WBASNs communication techniques and data fusion for gathering data from sensors. In addition, data analysis and feedback will be presented including feature extraction, detection and classification of human related phenomena. Approach: Comparative studies of the technologies and techniques used in such systems will be provided in this study, using qualitative comparisons and use case analysis to give insight on potential uses for different techniques. Results and Conclusion: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) technologies are considered as one of the key of the research areas in computer science and healthcare application industries. Sensor supply chain and communication technologies used within the system and power consumption therein, depend largely on the use case and the characteristics of the application. Authors conclude that Life-saving applications and thorough studies and tests should be conducted before WBANs can be widely applied to humans, particularly to address the challenges related to robust techniques for detection and classification to increase the accuracy and hence the confidence of applying such techniques without physician intervention.

Node power management is one of the key problems in wireless sensor networks. This paper proposes a new power management method by using genetic algorithm which has the characteristic of auto-adapted global optimization probability searching. Under the condition of connectivity between the nodes, this new method can calculate the optimum route link from the source node to the destination node of the entire wireless sensor network, thus reduces quantity of communication link nodes as well as entire network power. The simulation results indicated that the genetic algorithm can be applied perfectly in the nodes power management and effect of the energy conservation is obvious.

Profiling environmental parameter using a large number of spatially distributed wireless sensor network (WSN) NODEs is an extensive illustration of advanced modern technologies, but high power requirement for WSN NODEs limits the widespread deployment of these technologies. Currently, WSN NODEs are extensively powered up using batteries, but the battery has limitation of lifetime, power density, and environmental concerns. To overcome this issue, energy harvester (EH) is developed and presented in this paper. Solar-based EH has been identified as the most viable source of energy to be harvested for autonomous WSN NODEs. Besides, a novel chemical-based EH is reported as the potential secondary source for harvesting energy because of its uninterrupted availability. By integrating both solar-based EH and chemical-based EH, a hybrid energy harvester (HEH) is developed to power up WSN NODEs. Experimental results from the real-time deployment shows that, besides supporting the daily operation of WSN NODE and Router, the developed HEH is capable of producing a surplus of 971 mA·hr equivalent energy to be stored inside the storage for NODE and 528.24 mA·hr equivalent energy for Router, which is significantly enough for perpetual operation of autonomous WSN NODEs used in environmental parameter profiling.

Herein, an Internet of Things (IoT) system with remote reconfigurable wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes is presented and its application to measure group work activity in a classroom is discussed. This IoT system consists of wiki pages, bots, (defined as remotely controlled devices), gateways, and remotely reconfigurable WSN Nodes. The bots/gateways and WSN nodes of the IoT system are controlled by scripts written on wiki pages that are read by the bot/gateways, which then forward the commands contained in the scripts to the WSN nodes. Each WSN node then executes the commands, obtains the resulting sensor values, and then returns those values to the bot/gateways. The bot/gateways relay the values and write them onto the wiki page. Each WSN node is flexible and reconfigurable because its behavior can be changed by the script commands written onto the wiki page. Using this IoT system, we created a measurement system to evaluate activity levels of group work in a classroom. After developing the measurement system, we found it was possible to adjust the sampling rate for obtaining sensor values simply by rewriting the script on the wiki page without directly manipulating the WSN.

This paper describes a multi-objective evolutionary approach for solving multi-objective 3D deployment problems in differentiated wireless sensor networks (WSNs). WSN is a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions. Deciding the location of sensor to be deployed on a terrain with the consideration different criteria is an important issue for the design of wireless sensor network. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is proposed to solve 3D differentiated WSN deployment problems with the objectives of the coverage of sensors, satisfaction of detection thresholds, and energy conservation. The preliminary experimental results demonstrated that the proposed approach is suitable for solving 3D deployment problems of WSNs with different requirements.

Multimedia applications are routed from source nodes via neighboring nodes to a sink in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs). However, the existing routing protocols in the WMSNs do not fulfill the quality of service (QoS) constraint yet for multimedia transmission. The WMSNs have specific characteristics such as multi-hop way, limited node capability and varying bandwidth, which can affect the quality of service of multimedia applications during the routing process. The best quality of service (QoS) is required by the multimedia applications consisting of high throughput, low end-to-end delay and low packet drop rate. A routing optimization based on the cross-layer design is proposed for multimedia transmission in the WMSNs. The cross-layer design utilizes H.264/Scalable Video Coding (SVC) and IEEE 802.11e Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) and has been implemented in Network Simulator 2 (NS2) simulation. The NS2 simulation indicates that the H.264/SVC video application has an average delay of 0.02 sec. Thus, the routing optimization has accomplished to deliver multimedia application successfully via Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN).

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This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.