Energy Saving Model and Simulation Test Based on 6LoWPAN Wireless Sensor Network

Safe path-finding is extremely necessary for multihop wireless systems such as Wireless Sensor Networks. Multihop wireless systems are more unprotected to safety outbreaks as associated to single-stage wireless networks. Cross-layer design production is a precise significant character for wireless sensor Advanced security network is significant submissions. for the achievement of announcement among sensor nodes in wireless sensor network because the numbers composed is regularly less and the network is most vulnerable. Numerous Security methods have been suggested to deliver safety resolutions besides numerous threats to the Cross layer modification techniques in Wireless sensor networks. In this paper we overview the existing schemes for the security of cross-layer design in wireless sensor networks. The proposed Security model will provide more security between sensor nodes and the base station in wireless sensor network. Security is important for the success of the wireless sensor network because the data collected are often sensitive and the network is particularly vulnerable. In the cross-layer design, constraints are substituted between changed layers to protect the well-organized use of energy. In this paper, we propose a secure security model that is based on cross-layer design. It uses a cross layer optimization Machine Reproduction consequences confirm that our proposed safety model better in many situations and in unpromising violence-disposed to the situation.

In a wireless sensor network, the size of radio nodes has direct relation to the cost of total wireless sensor networks, and at the same time, the problem is closely connected to wireless sensor networks' performance, such as robust, fault-tolerance, and further more, it is considered at first as wireless sensor networks are designed. Therefore, the research on the size of radio nodes has significant meanings of theory and practice to design of wireless sensor networks. The paper simplifies complex coverage problem step by step. By means of math modeling, theoretical analysis and formula deducting, classical geometric theories and the method of mathematics induction are adopted, at last, the analysis formula of minimum number of nodes is theoretically educed under circumstances of entire and seamless coverage in WSN. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the conclusion is the full same with computing the number of communication nodes of wireless sensor networks.

Profiling environmental parameter using a large number of spatially distributed wireless sensor network (WSN) NODEs is an extensive illustration of advanced modern technologies, but high power requirement for WSN NODEs limits the widespread deployment of these technologies. Currently, WSN NODEs are extensively powered up using batteries, but the battery has limitation of lifetime, power density, and environmental concerns. To overcome this issue, energy harvester (EH) is developed and presented in this paper. Solar-based EH has been identified as the most viable source of energy to be harvested for autonomous WSN NODEs. Besides, a novel chemical-based EH is reported as the potential secondary source for harvesting energy because of its uninterrupted availability. By integrating both solar-based EH and chemical-based EH, a hybrid energy harvester (HEH) is developed to power up WSN NODEs. Experimental results from the real-time deployment shows that, besides supporting the daily operation of WSN NODE and Router, the developed HEH is capable of producing a surplus of 971 mA·hr equivalent energy to be stored inside the storage for NODE and 528.24 mA·hr equivalent energy for Router, which is significantly enough for perpetual operation of autonomous WSN NODEs used in environmental parameter profiling.

Herein, an Internet of Things (IoT) system with remote reconfigurable wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes is presented and its application to measure group work activity in a classroom is discussed. This IoT system consists of wiki pages, bots, (defined as remotely controlled devices), gateways, and remotely reconfigurable WSN Nodes. The bots/gateways and WSN nodes of the IoT system are controlled by scripts written on wiki pages that are read by the bot/gateways, which then forward the commands contained in the scripts to the WSN nodes. Each WSN node then executes the commands, obtains the resulting sensor values, and then returns those values to the bot/gateways. The bot/gateways relay the values and write them onto the wiki page. Each WSN node is flexible and reconfigurable because its behavior can be changed by the script commands written onto the wiki page. Using this IoT system, we created a measurement system to evaluate activity levels of group work in a classroom. After developing the measurement system, we found it was possible to adjust the sampling rate for obtaining sensor values simply by rewriting the script on the wiki page without directly manipulating the WSN.

Node power management is one of the key problems in wireless sensor networks. This paper proposes a new power management method by using genetic algorithm which has the characteristic of auto-adapted global optimization probability searching. Under the condition of connectivity between the nodes, this new method can calculate the optimum route link from the source node to the destination node of the entire wireless sensor network, thus reduces quantity of communication link nodes as well as entire network power. The simulation results indicated that the genetic algorithm can be applied perfectly in the nodes power management and effect of the energy conservation is obvious.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) design to be efficient expects better energy optimization methods as nodes in WSN are operated only through batteries. In WSN, energy is a challenging one in the network during transmission of data. To overcome the energy issue in WSN, Taylor based Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm proposed, which is the integration of the Taylor series with Grey Wolf Optimization approach finding optimal hops to accomplish multi-hop routing. This paper shows the multiple objective-based approaches developed to achieve secure energyaware multi-hop routing. Moreover, secure routing is to conserve energy efficiently during routing. The proposed method achieves 23.8% of energy, 75% of Packet Delivery Ratio, 35.8% of delay, 53.2% of network lifetime, and 84.8% of scalability.

This paper presents the design of wireless sensor network (WSN) based on low-power wide area network technology for high-tech agriculture. This WSN allows the farmer to collect data such as air temperature, air humidity, soil moisture. The WSN system consists of components: 02 wireless sensor nodes, 01 gateway, 01 cloud server and smartphone app. This WSN tested for data transmission in two zones: zone 1 (dense urban environments) at a distance of 500m and zone 2 (urban environments - less obstacles) at a distance of 1,500m and 1,700m. The data collected at different times of the day and updated every 15 minutes. The results show that the wireless sensor network system operates stably, data constantly updated to LoRa Server and there was not data packet loss. The power consumption of sensor node and gateway determined in three operating modes: transmitting, receiving, turn-off. This shows the advantages of LoRa technology in the development of wireless sensor network which is the distance of data transmission distance and low power consumption. Besides this WSN also tested in the net house of aquaponics of the Research Center for High-tech Application in Agriculture (RCHAA), University of Science, Vietnam National University-HCM. The results show that the WSN system is working reliably and promising which brings significantly benefits to smart agriculture as aquaponics, clean vegetable farms, aquaculture farms…

Building modern Internet of Things (IoT) systems is associated with a number of challenges. One of the most significant among them is the need for wireless technology, which will serve to build connectivity between the individual components of this technology. In the larger cities of Bulgaria, measures to ensure low levels of harmful emissions, reduce noise levels, and ensure comfort in urban environments have been taken. LoRa technology shows more advantages in transmission distance and low energy consumption compared to other technologies. That is why this technology was chosen for the design of wireless sensor networks (WSN) for six cities in Bulgaria. These networks have the potential to be used in IoT configurations. Appropriate modules and devices for building WSN for cities in Bulgaria have been selected. It has been found that the greater number of nodes in the WSN leads to an increase in the average power consumed in the network. On the other hand, depending on the location of these nodes, the energy consumed may decrease. The performance of wireless sensor networks can be optimized by applying appropriate routing protocols, which are proposed in the available literature. The methodology for energy efficiency analysis of WSN can be used in the design of wireless sensor networks to determine the parameters of the environment, with the possibility of application in IoT.

In this study, the problem of quality improvement for sensing models in wireless sensor networks is considered. A choice of sensing model strongly influences design of wireless sensor networks and performance of protocols, such as traffic aggregation, broadcasting, energy efficient routing, target or barrier coverage etc. For these reasons, it is useful to investigate the nature of sensing ability, and the manner in which it depends on the characteristics of wireless sensor networks. The author investigates the impact of experiment design on the evaluation of a sensing quality function. The goal of this work is to provide an approach for the statistically efficient estimation of sensing model parameters.

In wireless sensor networks, the mobile agent technology is used in data transmission from one cluster to another cluster. The Optimization of mobile agent in the routing within the clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks to further reduce the amount of data transfer. the main objectives of wireless sensor network design is to improve the energy efficiency & effective utilization of sensor nodes to prolong the lifespan of a wireless network .This paper presents an effective clustering algorithm, which is an extension to the LEACH routing algorithm., this algorithm fully utilizes the location information of network nodes in routing to reduce the routing cost. Through a clustering approach of intelligent mobile agents, it is possible to reduce the cost of time for each individual agent, here the problem of Multiple Clustering of Mobile Agents (MCCMA) where the decision is to cluster mobile agents such that a group of similar intelligent mobile agents will visit a group of similar sensor nodes are compare with location based clustering algorithm of wsn. both of Simulation results indicate that these algorithm & approach of mobile agent & wireless sensor network Nodes can have balance nodes' energy consumption and prolong the network's life span. It also has good extensibility & stability

In this paper we extend our previously designed trust model in wireless sensor networks to include both; communication trust and data trust. Trust management in wireless sensor networks is predominantly based on routing messages; whether the communication has happened or not (successful and unsuccessful transactions). The uniqueness of sensing data in wireless sensor networks introduces new challenges in calculating trust between nodes (data trust). If the overall trust is based on just the communication trust, it might mislead the network, that is; untrustworthy nodes in terms of sensed data can be classified as trusted nodes due to their communication capabilities. Hence we need to develop new trust models to address the issue of the actual sensed data. Here we are comparing the two trust models and proving that one model by itself is not enough to decide on the trustworthiness of a node, so new techniques are required to combine both data trust and communication trust.

The single-channel wireless sensor networks (WSNs) exists the problem of low efficiency of monitoring data transmission, however the multi-channel WSNs exists the problem of communication collision caused by the sensor node’s wireless channel competition. The paper at first introduces the causes of the above problems and selects a reasonable wireless channel resources allocation method of the multi-channel WSNs. Then to solve these questions, the theory of compressive sensing and spectrum sensing are adopted to improve the existing multi-channel WSNs. Finally, a new sensor node of the multi-channel WSNs is designed based on the above improvement. By analyzing the monitoring data of the field test, the improved multi-channel WSNs could complete monitoring mission efficiently and accurately, meanwhile it reduced power consumption of the WSNs effectively.

The paper presents an innovative design for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) which can increase their performances in the precision agriculture (PA). The authors argue on the reasons why presently WSNs are not integrated in PA on a larger scale. To this end, the paper describes the state of art in WSNs used in PA, and develops the proposed solution on the basis of the identified conjectures. The conceived solution proves how nodes can have small dimensions without mitigating the communication range or energy autonomy. Small dimensions bring benefits also to costs and operations. Such results can be achieved by overcoming the misalignment between advances in unmanned agricultural vehicles (AVs) and advances in WSN. The fixed nodes and mobile nodes (AVs), cooperate to fulfil sensor and communication coverage. Endowing the WSN nodes only with necessary sensors together with an energy awareness communication algorithm adopted in resonance with PA requirements proves to be a new competitive approach. Some simulations to validate these concepts are also provided.

Localization of mobile nodes in wireless sensor network gets more and more important, because many applications need to locate the source of incoming measurements as precise as possible. Many previous approaches to the location-estimation problem need know the theories and experiential signal propagation model and collect a large number of labeled samples. So, these approaches are coarse localization because of the inaccurate model, and to obtain such data requires great effort. In this paper, a semi-supervised manifold learning is used to estimate the locations of mobile nodes in a wireless sensor network. The algorithm is used to compute a subspace mapping function between the signal space and the physical space by using a small amount of labeled data and a large amount of unlabeled data. This mapping function can be used online to determine the location of mobile nodes in a sensor network based on the signals received. We use independent development nodes to setup the network in metallurgical industry environment, outdoor and indoor. Experimental results show that we can achieve a higher accuracy with much less calibration effort as compared with RADAR localization systems.

Design of reliable wireless sensor network (WSN) needs to address the failure of single or multiple network components and implementation of the techniques to tolerate the faults occurred at various levels. The issues and requirements of reliability improvement mechanism depend on the available resources and application for which the WSN is deployed. This paper discusses the different modeling approaches to evaluate the reliability and classification of the approaches to improve it. Also the paper analyzes reliability enhancement by existing fault tolerant methods in WSN and compares the performance of these techniques with the technique we developed. From the results of the analysis we highlight the challenges and the characteristics of the sensor network affects the reliability and give some scope of future research directions in order to enhance reliability.