Defuzzification of trapezoidal type-2 fuzzy variables and its application to solid transportation problem

The main feature of this paper is to propose the reduction method for the pentagonal fuzzy number using the expected value criterion. In this regard, some theoretical development is proposed for the pentagonal fuzzy number. As an application to the proposed reduction method, a single objective carbon cost integrated solid transportation problem minimizing the transportation cost along with the emission cost is solved with the parameters are as the pentagonal fuzzy number. To validate the proposed reduction method an analysis is outlined with the existing expected value reduction methods (viz. triangular and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers). After defuzzified the pentagonal fuzzy parameters, the equivalent deterministic problem is solved using the LINGO optimization solver. Based on the obtained solution, some important managerial decisions are finalized.

This chapter presents solution procedures for solving unbalanced multi-objective multi-choice stochastic transportation problems in a hybrid fuzzy uncertain environment. In this chapter, various types of unbalanced multi-objective fuzzy stochastic transportation models are considered with the assumption that the parameters representing supplies of the products at the origins and demands of the products at the destinations, capacity of the conveyances, associated with the system constraints are either fuzzy numbers (FNs) or fuzzy random variables (FRVs) with some known continuous fuzzy probability distributions. The multi-choice cost parameters are considered as FNs. In this chapter, two objectives are considered: total transportation cost and total transportation time. As the transportation cost mainly depends on fuel prices and since fuel prices are highly fluctuating, the cost parameters are taken as multi-choice cost parameters with possibilistic uncertain nature. The time of transportation mainly depends on vehicle conditions, quality of roads, and road congestion. Due to these uncertain natures, the parameters representing time of transportation are also taken as fuzzy uncertain multi-choice parameters. In this transportation model, these objectives are minimized satisfying the constraints: product availability constraints, requirement of the product constraints, and capacity of the conveyance constraints. Numerical examples are provided for the sake of illustration of the methodology presented in this chapter, and also achieved solutions are compared with the solutions obtained by some existing methodologies to establish its effectiveness.

The real world conditions of transportation pose new challenges for development of intelligent assistive systems for effective decision making. The ignorance of relationships among various attributes and parameters is one of the major causes of uncertainty in existing models of transportation problems. Fuzzy sets have been explored by various investigators to address the uncertainty issues due to relationships among various attributes. However fuzzy sets are not fully capable of dealing all kinds of uncertainty to provide intelligent solutions of transportation problems. A soft set is explored in this paper to model the uncertainty arising from the relationships of attributes with the parameters in a multimodal and multi objective transportation problem. The three modes of transportation incorporated in this model are road, rail and air. The real data set is prepared using the tariff, distance and time duration of transport available on websites of transport service agencies. The objectives are to minimize the cost and time duration of transportation. The proposed model evaluates multiple criteria using various combinations of different modes of transport to optimize the objectives of the problem. The model has been illustrated using the real data set using existing methods of solution. The soft set approach is found to be quite effective in dealing with the relationships of attributes with the parameters arising due to multi criteria decision making and leads to intelligent optimal solutions. The proposed model can be used as intelligent assistive system for decision making of multi objective and multimodal transportation problems.

System of simultaneous linear equations plays a vital role in mathematics, Operations Research, Statistics, Physics, Engineering and Social Sciences etc. In many applications at least some of the system's parameters and measurements are represented by fuzzy numbers rather than crisp numbers. Therefore it is imperative to develop mathematical models and numerical procedures to solve such a fuzzy linear system. The general model of a fuzzy linear system whose coefficient matrix is crisp and the right hand side column is an arbitrary fuzzy vector. In the fully fuzzy linear system all the parameters are considered to be fuzzy numbers. Since triangular fuzzy numbers is a special case of trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, hence in this paper we considered fully fuzzy linear system with trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. LU decomposition method for a crisp matrix is well known in solving linear system of equations. We discuss LU decomposition of the coefficient matrix of the fully fuzzy linear system, in which the coefficients are trapezoidal fuzzy numbers.

The main objective of this study is to deal with the optimization of a fuzzy transportation problem having costs in fuzzy triangular numbers with demand and supplies as crisp numbers. It introduces a new ranking technique along with a unique approach to convert triangular fuzzy number to trapezoidal fuzzy number. Minimum demand supply algorithm is used to get optimal cost. This technique is compared with some existing methods. Two different ranking approaches based on trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are also compared. The new algorithms are found fast and better as compared to classical approaches.The main objective of this study is to deal with the optimization of a fuzzy transportation problem having costs in fuzzy triangular numbers with demand and supplies as crisp numbers. It introduces a new ranking technique along with a unique approach to convert triangular fuzzy number to trapezoidal fuzzy number. Minimum demand supply algorithm is used to get optimal cost. This technique is compared with some existing methods. Two different ranking approaches based on trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are also compared. The new algorithms are found fast and better as compared to classical approaches.

Multi-criteria decision making method is used in such cases having multiple targets. Multi-objective linear programming problems, which deal with uncertain measurements for both objectives and constraints, are solved by fuzzy multi-objective linear programming methods. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods based on weighting of objectives, is designed to solve complex problems. In this study, multiple criteria decision making problems and decision makers’ opinions on these problems as well as their solution processes are discussed. Firstly, a fuzzy multi objective linear programming problem is solved using the approaches of Zimmerman and Hybrid. In the literature, these methods are applied using triangular fuzzy numbers based on decision makers’ opinions only in cases where the objective function is minimization. In this study, as an alternative to the triangular fuzzy numbers, trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are defined, and both minimization and maximization of objective functions are examined. Finally, a solution algorithm for a fuzzy multi-objective linear programming problem is proposed under some given conditions. The algorithm is applied to a sample problem that involves modeling of a congress organizing which aims to place attendees to accommodations under specific objectives and constraints. In the evaluation phase of the algorithm, targets are weighted by using triangular and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. At the end, the results of the proposed algorithm are compared with the results of other methods in the literature.

Disasters are the unfortunate suddenly occurring events which collapse a living society within a moment. Facebook, the most trending social media have initiated an active role to response the crisis developing a safety check feature to know about the demand of victims in an area. Through this feature the Facebook authority can confirm the requirement of the affected people in a specific area. This research have introduced a mathematical model for multi-objective solid transportation problem to quick delivery of the relief products to the devastating society according to the most prior demand of an area acquiring the best information through safety check feature launched by Facebook with limited resources. The two main objectives of the model are to minimize the total cost and minimize the total time so that relief can be executed under a limited budget responding quickly to the affected area. In this paper, fuzzy goal programming is adopted to solve the multi-objective solid transportation problem. To contemplate the performance of the model, a numerical example is presented in this paper. The numerical example is solved with LINGO optimization solver.

In this paper, we concentrate on a class of linear multi-objective decision making models with level-2 TFNwTFC coefficients. Firstly, we define a level-2 triangular fuzzy number with a triangular fuzzy centre(TFNwTFC) based on level-2 fuzzy set theory, and propose a theorem on how to transform it into an (α, β)-level trapezoidal fuzzy number(TrFN). Secondly, in order to deal with the linear multi-objective decision making model with TrFN coefficients, we present an expected multi-objective model with chance constraints, and discuss its equivalent model. Then the ε-constraint method is employed to determine a solution to the crisp equivalent model. Finally, a supplier selection problem is used to illustrate the proposed models and approaches.

Transportation problem is an integral part of this competitive world. Minimizing transportation cost of a product from sources to destinations is the main objective of traditional transportation problems. In the present context single objective transportation problem fails to meet the managerial decision making requirements which demands the multi objective transportation problems. Many real life problems can be formulated as multi objective transportation problem, and their solution requires consideration of conflicting objectives. Naturally, these problems have a number of potentially Pareto-optimal solutions. Multi-objective transportation problem refers to a special class of vector minimum linear programming problem, which usually involves multiple, conflicting, and incommensurable objective functions. Solving these complexities, the decision maker has to develop a utility function. In this paper, we develop a utility function to attain the targeted goal for a multi objective transportation problem. This utility function is developed using fuzzy membership functions considering deviations of objective function from the goal value where deviation variable has chosen as fuzzy type. Moreover, fuzzy max-min operator has been included for taking limiting value of the objective functions. Performance of the utility function to achieve proper goal is evaluated and justified by solving numerical examples using fuzzy goal programming.

A fuzzy number is an important concept for handling vague, imprecise and ambiguous cases in daily life. We propose to study different types of fuzzy numbers with examples and some results on fuzzy numbers. In biological science, the growth/decay of bacteria is a very important factor in knowing the symptoms/diseases in humans and animals. The decagonal fuzzy number has proved important in studying bacteria, particularly the growth rate in bacteria, which consists of 10 points, so it is not easy to handle this situation by applying triangular or trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Therefore, we plan to study decagonal fuzzy numbers in detail here.

In conventional transportation problem (TP), supplies, demands and costs are always certain. In this paper, the author tried to categories the TP under the mixture of certain and uncertain environment and formulates the problem and utilizes the crisp numbers, triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs) and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (TrFNs) to solve the TP. The existing ranking procedure of Liou and Wang is used to transform the type-1 and type-3 fuzzy transportation problem (FTP) into a crisp one so that the conventional method may be applied to solve the TP. The solution procedure differs from TP to type-1 and type-3 FTP in allocation step only. Therefore, the new method called PSK method and new multiplication operation on TrFN is proposed to find the mixed optimal solution in terms of crisp numbers, TFNs and TrFNs. The main advantage of this method is computationally very simple, easy to understand and also the optimum objective value obtained by our method is physically meaningful. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by means of a numerical example.

In this paper, we forecasted the future of a business by using fuzzy trapezoidal numbers and the fuzzy Delphi method. This result is compared with another result obtained using the fuzzy triangular numbers and Delphi method. At last, we see that our method is more general than others. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(2); 147-154: December 2021

This paper is to integrate among solid transportation problem, budget constraints and carbon emission with probable maximum profit. The range of air pollution and climate change are effected by \({\text {CO}_2}\) gas emission and other greenhouse gases from myriad transportation systems. Henceforth, our target is to minimize carbon emission for pollution-free environment. Transportation system with single objective is hardly applicable to the situation with more than one criterion. Therefore multi-objective decision making is incorporated for designing real-life transportation problem. Due to time pressure, data limitation, lack of information or measurement errors in practical problems, there exist some hesitations. Based on the fact, decision maker considers indeterminacy in the designed problems. To overcome such hesitancy of occurrence and non-occurrence in fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy, neutrosophic set is very important and suitable to accommodate such general structure of problems. Therefore neutrosophic environment with neutrosophic linear programming, fuzzy programming and global criterion method is utilized here to find the compromise solution of the multi-objective transportation problem. Thereafter, the performance of the considered model is useful by evaluating a numerical example, and then the derived results are compared. Finally sensitivity analysis and conclusions with upcoming works of this research are stated hereafter.

In this paper, we have formulated a new model of multi-objective capacitated transportation problem (MOCTP) with mixed constraints. In this model, some objective functions are linear and some are fractional and are of conflicting in nature with each other. The main objective of this paper is to decide the optimum order of the product quantity which is to be shipped from source to the destination subject to the capacitated restriction on each route. Here the two situations have been discussed for the MOCTP model. In the first situation, we have considered that all the input information of the MOCTP model is exactly known and therefore a fuzzy goal programming approach have been directly used for obtaining the optimum order quantity of the product. While in the second situation the input information of the MOCTP model are uncertain in nature and this uncertainty have been studied and handled by the suitable approaches like trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, multi-choices, and probabilistic random variables respectively. Due to the presence of all these uncertainties and conflicting natures of objectives functions, we cannot solve this MOCTP directly. Therefore firstly we converted all these uncertainties into deterministic forms by using the appropriate transformation techniques. For this, the vagueness in MOCTP defined by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers has been converted into its crisp form by using the ranking function approach. Multichoices in input information parameters have been converted into its exact form by the binary variable transformation technique. Randomness in input information is defined by the Pareto probability distribution, and for conversion into deterministic form chance constrained programming has been used. After doing all these transformations, we have applied fuzzy goal programming approach for solving this resultant MOCTP model for obtaining the optimum order quantity. A case study has been done to illustrate the computational procedure.

This paper explores the study of multi-choice multi-objective transportation problem (MCMTP) under the environment of utility function approach. MCMTP is converted to multi-objective transportation problems (MOTP) by transforming the multi-choice parameters like cost, demand, and supply to real-valued parameters. A general transformation procedure using binary variables is illustrated to reduce MCMTP into MOTP. Most of the MOTP are solved by goal programming (GP) approach. Using GP, the solution of MOTP may not be satisfied all the time by the decision maker (DM) when the proposed problem contains interval-valued aspiration level. To overcome this difficulty, here we propose the approaches of revised multi-choice goal programming (RMCGP) and utility function into the MOTP and then compared the solution between them. Finally, numerical examples are presented to show the feasibility and usefulness of our paper.