Developing an enterprise simulator to support electronic supply-chain management for B2B electronic business

The study is an exploratory exercise to assess the transparency and quality of supply chain reporting through ESG factors. A qualitative thematic content analysis of sustainability and integrated reports was employed on a sample constituted by Romanian listed companies, following the topic of supply and value chain reporting and transparency. The textual analysis was carried out with NVivo 15 after manual data gathering of reports publicly available for 2024. Afterward, a qualitative assessment was employed on the quality of supply and value chain reporting. For both qualitative assessments, the scoring method was used. The qualitative analysis revealed that the sustainability themes regarding “Value chain policies and codes of business conduct” and “ESRS value chain reporting” are the most transparently presented, obtaining the highest scores, followed by “Supply chain impact” and “Due diligence and ESG risk management in the value chain”. The least transparent topics are “ESG criteria integrated into supply chain management and suppliers selection” and “Communication and grievance mechanisms for value chain workers”. The supply chain reporting quality was assessed through the lens of robust points and weaknesses. The results showed that three companies have a good to outstanding quality of reporting, with a clear understanding of ESRS requirements and concrete steps integrated to improve supply chain transparency through ESG reporting. The paper enriches the knowledge in the field of assessing the supply chain ESG reporting transparency by adding value through the thematic qualitative analysis and evaluation of supply chain reporting quality, following the ESRS reporting framework. The results of the study can be helpful in the process of improving supply chain reporting, integrating ESG, and increasing the transparency of information by offering managers possible options for developing appropriate reporting tools.

КОМПЛЕМЕНТАРНІСТЬ СТРАТЕГІЙ МАРКЕТИНГУ ТА ЛОГІСТИКИ В ЛАНЦЮГУ ПОСТАВОК ТОВАРІВ ПОВСЯКДЕННОГО ПОПИТУ

Industry 4.0 / Industrial Internet of Things - Related Technologies and Requirements for a Successful Digital Transformation: An Investigation of Manufacturing Businesses Worldwide

Changes in the structure of 20th century international industrial organisation that have incited research interest among economists have also driven a significant body of work in the business literature. Indeed, many of the factors driving the changing industrial structure are derived from business. Examples include the innovation and implementation of assembly lines, scientific management, modularisation, lean manufacturing, and just-intime production. While the economics literature has produced terminology such as "task trade", "vertical specialisation", and "production sharing", the business literature tends to emphasise "supply chains". This is in conjunction with terms from political economists and development theorists that include "value chains", "global commodity chains", and "global production networks". Of these, the supply chain provides the most relevant perspective for the business practitioner. Networks of firms are viewed from a focal firm perspective, and the supply chain ontology adopts various dimensions to orient a firm with its network surroundings (for example, direct-extended-ultimate supply chains, horizontal tiers or degrees of separation, and vertical structures within each tier). Further functionalising the supply chain concept is the field of supply chain management (SCM). Born from multidisciplinary roots that include logistics, marketing, management, and sociology, SCM has developed into a distinct field of study over the past fifty years. SCM theory has only recently reached a state of maturation where it produces operationalisable concepts and tools, but progress is being made in advancing both the overarching field of SCM and the specific issues that fall under the SCM umbrella. This chapter will review the overarching field, while Part II and its chapters will address the specific issues.

The paper presents possible solutions to small farmers in the agricultural sector in a small island setting grappling with challenges of enhancing their local industry and import substitution through a supply-demand chain framework. In 2005, Hawaiian farms produced approximately 363,200 kg of avocados. However, Hawaiian demand for these fruits required an additional 908,000 kg of avocados that were supplied through imports. At the same time, it is worth noting; almost 49% of locally produced avocados did not reach the market. These facts clearly suggest inefficiencies in the local avocado supply chain. Review of the literature on supply chain management suggests a sustainable avocado industry requires an integrated supply and demand chain management system. Hence, a modified conceptual model of supply-chain management called the Supply Demand Integrated Management (SDIM) model is proposed in this paper. Traditional supply chains contain three functional components: supply coordination, physical production and logistic management. In the new model, we propose adding R4D (Research for Development), a public good provided by the government to agricultural industries as an integral part of the supply-demand chain system. It articulates the significance of research and supply chain partnerships between small growers, industry groups, and public agencies. A well-integrated demand/supply chain in the avocado industry allows sharing of vital market information which can contribute to long-term strategic decisions that help local avocado growers increase their competitiveness against foreign imports. It also provides metrics in terms of consumer satisfaction, profitability, competitiveness, self-sufficiency, import substitution and sustainability. The SDIM model as applied to the avocado industry suggests two hypotheses relevant to the current situation. The hypotheses are: (1) There is a lack of coordination between what the farmers are growing and the chefs' (a high-end customer/buyer) preferences; (2) Forming an avocado farmer cooperative will enhance the profitability of local farmers. Survey data was collected from Hawaiian chefs and avocado farmers. Data was analysed using a Duncan multi-range test and a mathematical model, respectively, to test the hypotheses. The test revealed a lack of coordination between what the farmers are growing and buyer preferences. The results from the mathematical model suggested that formation of an avocado marketing cooperative would enhance the profitability of local farmers. Thus, the SDIM framework expands existing body of knowledge about supply chain management and provides useful information to local avocado growers that can help strengthen their supply and demand chain management.

One of the agricultural sub-sectors that occupy a strategic position in agricultural development is the horticultural sub-sector, with one of its potential commodities being avocado. Avocado is one of the export-based commodities, especially in South OKU Regency, South Sumatra Province. This study aims to obtain an overview of the Avocado Agribusiness Supply Chain management in South OKU Regency. The study was conducted in Warkuk Selatan District, South OKU Regency in February 2022. The research method used was a qualitative descriptive method with a type of data using primary data and secondary data. The data analysis method uses the Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN) method, which illustrates South Oku Regency's avocado supply chain model. The results showed that the Avocado Management Supply Chain Management model with the FSCN framework consisted of four main components: the supply chain structure, the business chain process, supply chain management, and supply chain resources. Avocado supply chain targets are still dominated to meet the domestic market and products in the form of fresh avocados for consumption. Avocado supply chain management comprises election partners, contractual agreements, transaction systems, government support, and supply chain collaboration. The avocado supply chain structure in South OKU Regency consists of farmers, collecting traders, local and non-local traders, retailers, and consumers with respective roles in the supply chain structure. Business processes in avocado supply chain management consist of procurement, replenishment, and customer order cycles. Based on marketing margin analysis, the lowest total marketing margin is found in channel IV, with a margin value of Rp 1,500 per kg. The four avocado marketing channels in South Warkuk Ranau District have Farmer’s Share ≥40%, so it is categorized as an efficient channel.

The support of meat value chains by genetic technologies

Objectives/Scope: Please list the objectives and/or scope of the proposed paper. (25–75 words) The intent of this paper is to recognize and address the challenges that downstream companies face across their value chain including a history of having siloed businesses processes that have created ‘value leaks’. We propose an unified operations management approach that orchestrates all activities across the value chain as part of an enterprise digital transformation strategy. Business process can be deeply transformed when operations, supply chain and process optimization are connected in a collaborative environment. Methods, Procedures, Process: Briefly explain your overall approach, including your methods, procedures and process. (75–100 words) Refineries are at different stages in their digital transformation journey and have built their business workflows over many years across multiple point solutions. We propose a digital transformation strategy for operations across five key characteristics, that is: Results, Observations, Conclusions: Please describe the results, observations and conclusions of the proposed paper. (100–200 words) Across a refinery's value chain there are significant benefits that can be realized by approaching digital transformation across their operations enabling end-to-end value chain optimization including: Novel/Additive Information: Please explain how this paper will present novel (new) or additive information to the existing body of literature that can be of benefit to and/or add to the state of knowledge in the petroleum industry. (25–75 words) This paper is novel as it takes a wholistic look at a refinery operations value chain and eliminating existing value leaks end-to-end. It recognizes how existing systems have been built-up on outdated technology and siloed business process and proposes a path forward bringing operations, supply chain and process optimization together as a key element of a digital transformation strategy. The paper also explores how AI & prescriptive models pave the future for optimization.

For winning the competition, every entrepreneurs have to compete on supply chain. Tani Sejahtera Farm (TSF) is a distributor which cooperates with farmers in distributing organic rice in its supply chain. TSF had problems in coordinating product, financial, and information flows along its supply chain. This research aimed to analyze the condition of organic rice supply chain and its performance. The amount of samples were 14 samples which were all members of organic rice supply chain. FSCN (Food Supply Chain Networking) Framework was used for analyzing the condition of organic rice supply chain. Asset management efficiency approach was used for analyzing its performance. Organic rice supply chain had a network form. From the six elements, the condition of organic rice supply chain had not been good, especially in supply chain management, business processes and its overall performance. Supply chain management had not been implemented well in this supply chain. Its transaction system made TSF difficult to turn its capital back. From its business process, the financial and information flow had not been fluent. Its cash asset management performance had not been well also because it was too long for TSF in collecting its capital.

Contributors

With the emergence and popularization of Internet technology, cross-border e-commerce has swept the world and has a profound impact on international trade. More and more traditional foreign trade enterprises have joined the development wave of cross-border e-commerce. The emergence of cross-border e-commerce has a certain impact on the development of traditional foreign trade, but its role in promoting the development of traditional foreign trade is not to be underestimated. The use of cross-border electricity supplier, on the one hand, the traditional small and medium-sized foreign trade enterprises can bypass many trade barriers to gain market opportunities through cross-border electronic business platform, to compete with large enterprises Fair; on the other hand, through the cross-border electricity supplier, the traditional small and medium sized foreign trade enterprises to reduce the transaction procedures, reduce transaction costs. Through the Internet platform, we integrate efficiently the information flow, logistics and capital flow of the supply chain, and promote the supply chain's value increment. We take advantage of the low cost of network marketing, increase the exposure of products, and promote the brand value. It is not difficult to foresee that cross-border e-commerce will be the biggest engine for China's foreign trade to grow at a high speed in the future. In this context, if the traditional foreign trade industry wants to achieve rapid development, we should use cross-border e-commerce to enter the international market, optimize the industrial structure, and enhance the competitiveness of China's foreign trade enterprises in the international market.

Maintaining an effective risk management procedure can counterbalance a critical effect on supply chains. The Agri-food supply chain has characteristics that are unique and complex if compared with a conventional supply chain. Sustainability risk management in the supply chain is the key to a competitive organisation in the long term. The aim of this paper is to review current research on sustainable risk management in the Agri-food industry chain. These reviews were arranged in steps systematically, ranging from searching related to review of supply chain sustainability risk management (SCSRM), reviewing the general framework of SCSRM and the framework of Agri-food SCSRM. Selection of literature review papers in the period 2010-2019, and obtained 30 papers. Risk aspects were analysed using a multi-dimensional approach (economic, social, environmental, technical, and institutional) that influences the sustainability of the Agri-food industry. The results show that there are few studies focusing on risk management to achieve a sustainable supply chain system. Some studies only focus on Triple Bottom Line elements (economic, social, and environmental). Sometimes, these studies do not consider risks from other elements such as technical and institutional aspects that can be influence the sustainability of the Agri-food industry. Technical aspects such as the reliability of technological systems and institutional aspects as policymakers support sustainability in a business process. The contribution of this paper is to provide an initial theoretical framework to guide researchers in analysing risk through a multi-dimensional approach to sustainability.

PurposeThe lean philosophy has demonstrated its effectiveness to improve firms' operational performance. However, the impact of lean practices on financial performance is still unclear due to the poor understanding of the link between operational and financial measures and the conflictive results obtained by previous research. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a systematic literature review to understand whether lean companies have improved their financial performance. Moreover, this article aims to uncover research gaps in the literature and examine which time spans of research have been considered to analyse both the degree of lean implementation and the measurement of financial outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review has been conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles that analyse the effect of the lean production paradigm on the financial performance measures of manufacturing companies. Then, the identified articles were processed using a combination of descriptive and content analyses methods to draw new conclusions, uncover gaps and find novel paths for research.FindingsVarious authors indicate that lean initiatives lead to an enhancement of financial performance measures. JIT and TQM lean practice bundles are suggested as the best enablers of financial performance in terms of sales and profit. In contrast, according to some scholars, lean does not necessarily improve companies' financial results if it is not properly implemented.Originality/valueSeveral studies have focused on analysing the effects of lean on performance. However, only a small part of the literature has addressed the study of the effects of lean practices on financial performance metrics. The originality of this study lies in the investigation of the connections between lean practices and financial performance measures found in the literature. The outcome is the identification of various possible positive impacts of some lean practices on financial metrics.

Supply Chain Management aims to overcome the challenges to integrate the Supply Chain Entities with a shared vision and evolving gradually as a legion in the business ecosystem and supply network. With the integrated inter-company activities, these entities can work as united one to respond quickly to market, to source in a multinational setting, to control available products/services to deliver to the customers, and to maximumally achieve financial benefits as a group. The Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) Model, which has been developed by academics and practitioners and hosted by the APCIS Supply Chain Council is a major framework to serve for Supply Chain integration as a referential guide. Its content includes supply chain management practices, business process elements and enablers in a multi-company context that business owners and supply chain consultants can adjust their supply chain activities and organizations following the referential guideline. Despite SCOR model has many merits, it does not clearly state how to identify the existing problems and how those problems can be resolved in a supply chain project. Based on the speaker's industrial experience, this tutorial will provide a mapping technique for gap identifying, prioritization of problem solutions, and business process modifications in a supply chain setting based on SCOR model. The tutorial can enhance participants' knowledge to facilitate the implementation processes of multinational supply chain projects by identifying the gaps and integrate the channel entities.

Supply chain management (SCM) is an area that offers organizations significant opportunities for both cost reductions and revenue enhancement. In their article, "Supply Chain Management: Implementation Issues and Research Opportunities," Lambert, Cooper and Pagh defined SCM as the "integration of key business processes from end user through original suppliers that provides products, services, and information that add value for customers and other stakeholders." Adopting and implementing appropriate technology has emerged as a source of competitive advantage for supply chain member firms through the integration of business processes with suppliers and customers. It is important to understand the factors influencing an organization's decision to acquire such technology. In the context of this study, connective technologies are defined as wireless communication devices and their accompanying infrastructure and software which may enhance coordination among supply chain partners. Building on previous literature in the areas of supply chain management, marketing strategy, and organizational innovation, a model was developed to test the relationships between organizational, interorganizational, and technology-related factors and the adoption of advanced connective technology, using radio frequency identification (RFID) as the test case, in the supply chain. A Web-based survey of supply chain professionals was conducted resulting in 224 usable responses. The overall model was statistically significant with four of the predictors significantly influencing the adoption of RFID in the supply chain. Size, centralization, new product advantage and time to achieve targeted ROI were significantly related to adoption of connective technology (RFID). Interorganizational related factors were not significant predictors of connective technology adoption. The study contributes to theory by testing scales from marketing and management in a supply chain context in order to better understand behavioral dimensions of supply chain management and logistics. The conceptualization and measurement of market orientation at the interfirm level advances the market orientation literature. Finally, the study contributes to the technology adoption literature by considering organizational-related, interorganizational-related, and technology-related factors that influence adoption of connective technology in the supply chain.