DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE FLOTATION PROCESS OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

Aiming at causing frequency traffic accidents by the drunken driving, the paper puts forward an automatic locked control system of vehicle drunken driving as a smart solution to prevent the phenomenon. And designs a automatic locked control system based on PIC16F877A. The system hardware modules and software system are elaborated in detailed. At last through the experiment, it verifies that the automatic control system has reached requirement.

This paper describes an attempt to develop an automatic unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control system for emergency rescue and investigation. A cascade classifier system using Haar-like features for object recognition from a free viewpoint is also presented. Conventional emergency rescue systems have a shortcoming in terms of their performance. Thus, we introduce an automatic UAV control system in order to overcome the shortcoming of conventional emergency rescue systems in an emergency situation. The proposed system involves two processing stages. One involves a capturing and recognition of target objects, and the other involves controling the UAV using digital intelligence. Object detection in many types of images as well as real-time simulation methods continue to be one of the most common techniques for information processing and applications. The fundamental concepts of the proposed system and some experimental results obtained by using related processing techniques are also described.

The simulation of a discrete-continuous dynamic process is considered in the absence of data regarding the current control signals; the corresponding identification problem is formulated. A nonparametric model of a dynamic object is proposed, and the results of a computational experiment with incomplete information regarding the control signals are analyzed. To take account of uncontrollable inputs in the model, a two-loop control system is proposed for the dynamic object. The internal control loop includes a controller implementing a standard law. The outer loop includes a nonparametric controller, characterized by learning capabilities and dualism. A nonparametric dual control algorithm is described, and its dual character is analyzed. Control of a dynamic object in a two-loop system and in a system with a standard PI controller is compared.

Automatic control system is the representative of social comprehensive technological innovation, which has the characteristics of digitalization, programming and flexibility, and provides more reliable technical support for the performance of mechanical production. Based on this, this paper takes the food packaging machine system as an example to optimize the existing automatic food packaging machinery control system, give full play to the advantages of automation ability, and promote the improvement of social productivity.

We propose a solution to the problem of finding trade-off robust tuning parameters for two-loop automatic control systems by means of a numerical simulation method using the authors’ version of the Optim-MGA evolutionary optimization algorithm. Results from calculating and analyzing a two-loop superheated steam temperature control system employing a PI controller and a differentiator are presented.

One way of providing irrigation water to improve irrigation efficiency is the use of solar power-based automatic control systems. This technological innovation was designed by utilizing digital technology, microcontroller and sensor network. This automatic control system operates based on the value of soil moisture as the lower set point value and the upper set point value to set the pump on/off. The aims of this research are to develop a solar-powered automatic control system with reference to the control of soil moisture for set on/off the pump and can keep the soil moisture from the water capacity. The stages of the research are hardware design of solar-powered control systems, design of automatic control system software, design of sprinkler irrigation networks, testing and data analysis. The results showed that the total power to operate an automatic sprinkler irrigation system of 67.0 Watt and can reduce battery consumption of 234.7 Watt. The use of a 30 Wp solar panel unit is able to meet the power needed for the automatic control system during the experiment. Key words: automatic control system, microcontroller, solar power, sprinkler irrigation

A system for automatic closed-loop control of drum boiler heat load for combined joint and separate combustion of blast-furnace, coke, and natural gases under the conditions of randomly changed flow rates of blast-furnace and coke gases is considered. For achieving more efficient operation of the automatic control system, it is proposed to introduce circuits for compensating random disturbances in the flow rates of these gases in addition to the standard automatic control system using the heat signal. The estimated parameters of the control channels transfer functions are presented for different ratios between the flow rates of fired gases and boiler loads. The results obtained from an investigation of the combined system are described, and its effectiveness with the boiler operating in different modes is demonstrated.

Purpose. Development of a laboratory stand with a wireless interface for the study and research of automatic control systems for DC electric drives.
 Methodology. Physical experiment on the developed laboratory bench, computer modelling, calculation and analytical methods.
 Findings. The study considered and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of existing developments of laboratory stands with virtual and remote components, the possibility of organizing a wireless interface, taking into account cost-effectiveness, mobility, reliability and simplicity, as well as the possibility of using as a training stand. The connection of the stand by means of USB and Wi-Fi is developed. The STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller is used for the power switch and the automatic control system. The interface part consists of a NodeMCU board, a MicroSD card module, an interface control unit, a 16x2 LCD and an I2C converter. The UART-USB interface is used for information transfer and programming of the stand. The possibility of current remote transmission of information about the modes and parameters of the engine to a computer with a browser output by installing the Wi-Fi module ESP8266MOD. A closed system of automatic DC motor control with PID current regulators and EMF has been developed. Experiments were performed with a pulse and smooth increase in motor speed and variation of the components of the PID controllers using the control panel of the laboratory stand. All graphs of the results of the experiment were obtained on a web page with a fixed IP address in the browser via Wi-Fi.
 Originality. The structure of the remote monitoring and control system based on hardware and software combination of telecommunication and measuring systems is proposed and developed, which differs from the existing ones by the presence of current wireless transmission of information, which allows to remotely receive research data of automatic DC motor control systems.
 Practical value. The developed laboratory stand with the wireless interface allows to receive and store experimental data on parameters of the investigated engine in real time remotely.

An inexpensive automatic liquid nitrogen level control system using an integrated circuit: H S Sandhu and M J Bulinckx, J Vac Sci Technol, 8 (2), March/April 1971, 424–425

The development of domestic primary maize seed production requires the development of new threshing devices capable to minimize seed grains macro- and microdamage. (Research purpose) To justify the design and technological parameters of the axial-rotary threshing and separating device for varietal and hybrid maize with a device that ensures the cobs orientation in space before threshing and partial violation of their grain structure by friction during swirling by air flow. (Materials and methods) The authors used system analysis methods, ensuring the principle of flow in mechanized lines, building algorithms for the automated systems operation and designing agricultural machines. (Results and discussion) To minimize corn grain damage, the authors recommended the sequence of technological process operations of threshing with an axial-rotary threshing-separating device, into which the cobs were fed in a strictly oriented spatial position with a partially broken grain structure. They improved the orienting- dispensing loading device, presented in the form of a vortex orienting dispenser equipped with an automatic loading level control system. The authors established the design parameters of the vortex orienting batcher based on the experimental determination of the corn cobs mechanical and technological parameters. They proposed methods, equipment and devices for determining the angle of corn cobs repose. The authors calculated the dimensional parameters of the funnel window for the corn cob output and the metering vortex tube diameter. (Conclusions) The authors developed the design of a threshing-separating device with a device for orienting corn cobs in space before threshing and partial violation of their grain structure by friction during swirling by an air stream. They determined the funnel window optimal parameters at the bottom of the vortex orienting batcher: length – 0.378 meters, width – 0.122 meters, vortex tube diameter – at least 0.624 meters.

This article addresses the development of algorithms for automatic mobile robot motion control in static environments with obstacles, aiming for safe and effective navigation to a target while avoiding collisions. It compares two key approaches: finite automata, characterized by discrete switching between "move to goal" and "obstacle avoidance" states, and fuzzy logic, which enables smoother transitions and adaptive control under sensor uncertainty. An original Logical-Dynamic Automatic Control System based on fuzzy logic principles is proposed. This system utilizes three specialized fuzzy controllers: an obstacle avoidance controller using data from three lidar sensors (right, left, center); a goal-seeking controller operating on the robot’s angular deviation from the target; and a group fuzzy controller-coordinator. The coordinator dynamically weighs and combines the control actions from the first two controllers, prioritizing obstacle avoidance when necessary. The proposed LogicalDynamic Automatic Control System’s effectiveness was evaluated through computer simulations in MATLAB Simulink using the Mobile Robotics Simulation Toolbox. А differential drive robot’s motion was simulated in environments containing various static obstacles. Performance was compared against a baseline finite automaton model using metrics such as trajectory length, time to reach the goal, average speed, and an integral objective function. The simulations demonstrated that the LogicalDynamic Automatic Control System provides smoother wheel angular velocity changes, reduces abrupt mode switching, and enhances overall control efficiency by 2.22 % compared to the automaton-based approach, highlighting its potential for practical application. This fuzzy logic approach shows promise for real-world robotic systems.

Regarding high precision and automatic control requirements for management and control system of oil depot, this paper applied RF technology in in-out oil management and automatic control theory in automatic control system of oil depot. Thus, a novel oil depot automatic in-out control system based on three level structure and RF technology was designed. In the system, the three level structures are composed of on-site control level, site management level and remote management level. A mode of combining control instruments with PLC controller was adopted in on-site control level and VB .Net was used as software for upper computer. The designed non-contact IC card management software for oil access and in-out oil control system will simplify the operation process of employees; approve levels of safe management and data accuracy for oil access in oil depot. Field tests show that this system has advantage of high control accuracy achieved 0.2 magnitude, high precision of data acquisition and easy operation for control management. The system provides an efficient technology approach for raising the level of automation and management in the oil industry.

This study compared the hydraulic performance of manual and automatic drip irrigation control systems under three valve opening levels full (Q1), half (Q2), and quarter (Q3) at a constant operating pressure of 1.0 bar. Performance indicators, including coefficient of variation (CV), distribution uniformity (DU), and emission uniformity (EU), were calculated from emitter discharge measurements at four points along the lateral (0, 5, 15, and 25 m). The automatic system consistently outperformed the manual system, maintaining higher DU and EU values, especially under reduced valve openings. This stability was attributed to integrated pressure regulation and solenoid-based control, while the manual system exhibited greater performance declines and flow losses at downstream emitters. To assess agronomic implications, the automatic system was applied to irrigate maize (Zea mays L.) under three irrigation strategies: T1: full water requirement in one dose, T2: two equal doses, and T3: three equal doses, all at full valve opening. T3 enhanced early plant height and leaf surface area, indicating improved vegetative growth with more frequent irrigation. However, grain yield was highest under T1 (24.0 ton/ha), followed by T2 (21.3 ton/ha) and T3 (20.2 ton/ha), suggesting that less frequent but deeper irrigation favored reproductive development and yield formation. The findings confirm that automatic drip irrigation systems deliver superior hydraulic stability and uniform water application compared to manual systems. Moreover, coupling automatic control with optimized scheduling such as single-dose full water application can enhance maize yield potential and water use efficiency, contributing to more sustainable irrigation practices in large-scale agricultural production.

Research and development on high-speed railway systems and particularly its automatic control systems, are introduced. Numerical modeling of high-speed trains in the Chinese high-speed train system and its associate automatic control systems are described in detail. Moreover, modeling and simulation of train operation systems are analyzed and demonstrated.

The possibility of creating automatic control systems based on the interferometric optical method for chemical etching processes has been shown. A structural diagram of device for automatic control of the construction of an optical path from the elements of modern information fiber-optic systems has been developed. An experimental model of an automatic control system with optimal spectral "binding" of the radiation source, optical fibers, Y-splitter and photodetector has been created. The results of experimental studies of changes in the interference during chemical etching of thin films have shown that the created model provides simplicity of optical adjustment, high noise immunity and simplicity of automation of control of the entire etching process. Based on the results which were obtained during the study of the experimental model, a basic algorithm for the functioning of automatic control systems for chemical etching processes using the interferometric optical method has been developed.