Editorial

The ACM Symposium on Solid and Physical Modeling and Applications is an annual international forum for the exchange of recent research results and applications of spatial modeling and computations in design, analysis and manufacturing, as well as in emerging biomedical, geophysical and other areas. Previous symposia in this series were held in Austin, Texas, 1991; Montreal, Canada, 1993; Salt Lake City, Utah, 1995; Atlanta, Georgia, 1997; Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1999 and 2001; Saarbrucken, Germany, 2002; Seattle, Washington, 2003; Genova, Italy, 2004, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2005; Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom, 2006; and Beijing, China, 2007. For additional information, please visit www.solidmodeling.org, the home page of The Solid Modeling Association that oversees this symposium series. The SPM symposium series started initially with the name "ACM Symposium on Solid Modeling and Applications." To emphasize the fact that solid modeling entails not only handling their geometric shapes, but also their physical properties, behaviors and simulations, the name of the symposium was expanded to The ACM Symposium on Solid and Physical Modeling and Applications (abbreviated as SPM) in 2005. SPM'08 was held at Suny, Stony Brook from June 2 to June 4, as part of Stony Brook Modeling Week that also featured international joint convention on shapes and solids. SPM'08 was held as a single track conference, which also included two mini-symposia. In response to SPM'08 call for papers, 79 technical papers were submitted and reviewed by an international program committee with 96 expert reviewers from around the world. At least three external reviewers and members of the program committee reviewed and discussed each submission. A total of 25 refereed papers have been selected for plenary presentation and publication in the proceedings as full papers. Moreover, a total of 18 refereed papers have been selected for poster presentation and publication in the proceedings as short papers. The symposium program also includes three invited presentations, by Helmut Pottmann (Vienna University of Technology), Hugues Hoppe (Microsoft Research) and Kokichi Sugihara (University of Tokyo), all leading researchers in their fields.

The ACM Symposium on Solid and Physical Modeling and Applications is an annual international forum for the exchange of recent research results and applications of spatial modeling and computations in design, analysis and manufacturing, as well as in emerging biomedical, geophysical and other areas. Previous symposia in this series were held in Austin, Texas, 1991; Montreal, Canada, 1993; Salt Lake City, Utah, 1995; Atlanta, Georgia, 1997; Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1999 and 2001; Saarbrucken, Germany, 2002; and Seattle, Washington, 2003, and Genova, Italy, 2004. For additional information, visit www.solidmodeling.org, the home page of the Solid Modeling Association that oversees this symposia series.Since its inception in 1991, the ACM Symposium on Solid Modeling and Applications has been the primary venue for disseminating research results in the design, representation, analysis, visualization, and use of digital models of real or planned solid objects and of their bounding surfaces. At the same time, modeling solids entails not only handling their geometric shape, but also their physical properties and behaviors. To emphasize this broader mission, we have expanded the name of the 2005 Symposium to Solid and Physical Modeling (abbreviated SPM). SPM-05 was held on the MIT campus, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in plenary sessions (no parallel tracks) from Monday June 13 to Wednesday June 15, and was followed by the <u>Shape Modeling International</u> (SMI) conference. Both SPM and SMI events are part of the <u>2005 Joint Convention on Solids and Shapes</u>, (S&S'05) hosted at MIT and chaired by Nick Patrikalakis. The <u>2004 Joint Convention on Shapes and Solids</u> took place in Genoa Italy.Some sixty technical papers have been submitted and were reviewed by the international program committee and expert reviewers from around the world. At least three to four external reviewers and members of the program committee reviewed and discussed each submission. A total of 22 refereed papers have been selected for plenary presentation and full paper publication in the proceedings. In addition, 6 more papers have been selected as technical sketches for shorter publication and presentation at the conference. The symposium program also includes two keynote presentations invited from leading authorities in their fields: Bruce Donald and James O'Brien. Another new feature in the symposium program was that we had three panel session where recent trends and challenges are discussed. The panel sessions were organized by Dimitris Metaxas (Biomedical Modeling), Michael Wang (Physical Modeling and Simulation), and Jan Vandenbrande (Design, Analysis, and Manufacturing).

Computation of double freeform optical surfaces using a Monge–Ampère solver: Application to beam shaping

Constructing smooth freeform surfaces of arbitrary topology with higher order continuity is one of the most fundamental problems in shape and solid modeling. This paper articulates a novel method to construct C∞ smooth surfaces with negative Euler numbers based on hyperbolic geometry and discrete curvature flow. According to Riemann uniformization theorem, every surface with negative Euler number has a unique conformal Riemannian metric, which induces Gaussian curvature of --1 everywhere. Hence, the surface admits hyperbolic geometry. Such uniformization metric can be computed using the discrete curvature flow method: hyperbolic Ricci flow. Consequently, the basis function for each control point can be naturally defined over a hyperbolic disk, and through the use of partition-of-unity, we build a freeform surface directly over hyperbolic domains while having C∞ property. The use of radial, exponential basis functions gives rise to a true meshless method for modeling freeform surfaces with greatest flexibilities, without worrying about control point connectivity. Our algorithm is general for arbitrary surfaces with negative Euler characteristic. Furthermore, it is C∞ continuous everywhere across the entire hyperbolic domain without singularities. Our experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed new approach for shape and solid modeling.

Proceedings of the 13th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Functional programming

This paper focuses on the design, fabrication, and metrology technologies of the ultra-precision optical freeform surface for progressive addition lens (PAL). The PAL, which has a front surface with far-view zone, near-view zone, and intermediate zone, was used to remedy presbyopia by distributing optical powers of the three zones. The PAL surface is a freeform surface because of its non-symmetrical power distribution. We introduce the PAL freeform surface design methodologies, including B-spline description and its optimization. After optimization of B-spline parameters of the PAL surface, we demonstrate the fabrication and measurement technologies of the mold for PAL surface by using ultra-precision freeform machining machine with slow tool servo function and ultra-precision 3D metrology system with user-defined function.

In CAD/CAM technology, the design of free form surfaces is the beginning of a chain of operations, which ends with the numerically controlled (NC) production of the designed object. An important part of this chain is shape analysis. We present a stability concept for surfaces based on infinitesimal bendings. The infinitesimal rigidity is enforced by certain boundary conditions.

Designing of electrical components and assemblies has changed dramatically from CAD to SM-based designs. Following the SM electrical assembly through the FEA process is different than it was in the CAD days. The assembly must be loaded and constrained based on the SM geometry of the electrical assembly.

Journal-related Activities and Other Special Activities at the 2011 American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Meeting

Welcome to the 24th ACM International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization (UMAP 2016) in Halifax, Canada, July 13-16, 2016. UMAP is the premier international conference for researchers and practitioners working on systems that adapt to individual users or to groups of users. UMAP is the successor of the biennial User Modeling (UM) and Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-based Systems (AH) conferences that were merged in 2009. It has traditionally been organized under the auspices of User Modeling Inc. This year (2016) UMAP became an ACM conference, sponsored by ACM SIG CHI and SIG WEB. The conference spans a wide scope of topics related to user modeling, adaptation, and personalization. UMAP 2016 is focused on bringing together cutting-edge research from user interaction and modeling, adaptive technologies, and delivery platforms. It includes high-quality peer-reviewed papers featuring substantive new research in one of five research areas, each chaired by leaders in the field: User Modeling for Recommender Systems (chairs: Alexander Felfernig & Pasquale Lops)Adaptive & Personalized Educational Systems (chairs: Antonija Mitrovic & Kalina Yacef)Personalization in the Social Web & Crowdsourcing Era (chairs: Alessandro Bozzon & Harith Alani)Adaptive, Intelligent, & Multimodal User Interfaces (chairs: Julien Epps & Hatice Gunes)Architectures, Techniques, & Methodologies for UMAP (chairs: Stephan Weibelzahl & Mihaela Cocea) This year we received 123 submissions. In keeping with UMAPs rigorous standards, each paper was carefully reviewed by members of the Program Committee (PC) while the Area Chairs (ACs) coordinated the reviews and provided recommendations to the Program Chairs. The international Program Committee (PC) consisted of 132 members who were assisted by 49 subreviewers. These were leading researchers as well as highly promising young researchers. Papers were assigned to at least 4 members of the PC and to 1 AC member based on their expertise, interests, and other factors. Each paper received at least 3 reviews, and 95% received 4 reviews. After the initial reviews were submitted, the designated AC facilitated discussion amongst reviewers in order to resolve differences and correct misunderstandings. The AC then provided a summative meta-review and a recommendation to the Program Chairs. The final decisions were based on these recommendations, the meta-reviews, and reviewer scores. We accepted 21 long papers (23.9% acceptance rate) and 13 short papers (27.6% acceptance rate) for oral presentation and an additional 17 extended abstracts for poster presentation and inclusion in the proceedings. The program also features posters, demos, and late breaking results, which collectively showcase the wide spectrum of novel ideas and latest results in user modeling, adaptation and personalization. We also invited three distinguished keynote speakers, each illustrating significant issues and prospective directions for the field. Hossein Derakhshan (shared keynote speaker with Hypertext 2016) is an Iranian-Canadian blogger who was imprisoned in Tehran from November 2008 to November 2014. He has been called the "father of Persian blogging" and has helped promote podcasting in Iran. His talk, "Killing the Hyperlink, Killing the Web: the Shift from Library-Internet to Television-Internet," reflects his views on the Internet today.Lada Adamic leads the Product Science group within Facebook's Data Science Team. She is also an adjunct associate professor at the University of Michigan's School of Information and Center for the Study of Complex Systems. Her talk "The Life and Times of Information in Networks" focuses on cascades of information-sharing and resharing within social media.Sandra Carberry was one of the founders of the User Modeling research area at the first workshop in Maria Laach in 1986. As appropriate for the 30th anniversary, her talk "User Modeling: The Past, The Present and The Future" discusses how the field evolved, insights into where the field is headed, and the hottest topics for exploration. The conference includes a doctoral consortium that provides an opportunity for doctoral students to explore and develop their research interests under the guidance of distinguished scholars. This track received 18 submissions of which nine were accepted as full papers and eight as posters. A set of seven workshops and two tutorials round out the program. (Workshop) IFUP: Workshop on Multi-dimension Information Fusion for Modeling and Personalisation (half-day) organized by Robin Burke (DePaul University, USA), Feida Zhu (Singapore Management University, Singapore), Neil Yorke-Smith (American University of Beirut, Lebanon), and Guibing Guo (Northeastern University, China)(Workshop) INRA: News Recommendation and Analytics (half-day) organized by Jon Atle Gulla (Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Norway), Luc Martens (Minds-UGent-WiCa Ghent, Belgium), Özlem Özgöbek (Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Norway), and Nafiseh Shabib (TNS Gallup, Oslo, Norway)(Workshop) SOAP: Workshop on Surprise, Opposition, and Obstruction in Adaptive and Personalized Systems (half-day) organized by Peter Knees (Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria), Kristina Andersen (Studio for Electro Instrumental Music, Amsterdam, the Netherlands), Alan Said (Recorded Future, Gothenburg, Sweden), and Marko Tkalcic (Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy)(Workshop) HAAPIE: Human Aspects in Adaptive and Personalised Interactive Environments (half-day) organized by Panagiotis Germanakos (SAP SE, Germany), Marios Belk (Department of Computer Science, University of Cyprus), George Samaras (Department of Computer Science, University of Cyprus), and Vania Dimitrova (University of Leeds, UK)(Workshop) EvalUMAP: Towards comparative evaluation in the user modelling, adaptation and personalization space (full-day) organized by Owen Conlan (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland), Liadh Kelly (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland), Kevin Koidl (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland), Séamus Lawless (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland), Killian Levacher (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland), and Athanasios Staikopoulos (Trinity College Dublin, Ireland)(Workshop) FuturePD: The future of personal data: envisioning new personalized services enabled by Quantified Self technologies (half-day) organized by Amon Rapp (University of Torino, Italy), Federica Cena (University of Torino, Italy), Judy Kay (University of Sidney, Australia), Bob Kummerfeld (University of Sydney, Australia), Frank Hopfgartner (University Gardens Glasgow, UK), Jakob Eg Larsen (Technical University of Denmark, Denmark), and Elise van den Hoven (University of Technology Sydney, Australia). (Workshop) PALE: Personalization Approaches in Learning Environments (full-day) organized by Milos Kravcik (RWTH Aachen University, Germany), Olga C. Santos (UNED, Spain), Jesus G. Boticario (UNED, Spain), and Maria Bielikova (FIIT STUBA, Slovakia)(Tutorial) Semantics-Aware Techniques for Social Media Analysis, User Modeling, and Recommender Systems (half-day) by Pasquale Lops and Cataldo Musto (University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy)(Tutorial) Games, Gamification and Personalization (half-day) by Amon Rapp (University of Torino, Italy).

More and more lighting applications require the design of dedicated optics to achieve a given radiant intensity or irradiance distribution. Freeform optics has the advantage of providing such a functionality with a compact design. It was previously demonstrated in [Bäuerle et al., Opt. Exp. 20, 14477-14485 (2012)] that the up-front computation of the light path through the optical system (ray mapping) provides a satisfactory approximation to the problem, and allows the design of multiple freeform surfaces in transmission or in reflection. This article presents one natural extension of this work by introducing an efficient optimization procedure based on the physics of the system. The procedure allows the design of multiple freeform surfaces and can render high resolution irradiance patterns, as demonstrated by several examples, in particular by a lens made of two freeform surfaces projecting a high resolution logo (530 × 160 pixels).

3D solid models for parts with regular-form surfaces (PRFSs) are effectively generated using traditional parametric design techniques. A new model is obtained by changing some parameters defining the model. The parts with free-form surfaces (PFFSs), however, cannot be defined by several parameters. Usually they are defined by some geometric elements like profile curves. The traditional parametric design approaches have not easily dealt with the PFFSs. A method for generating a solid model and an engineering drawing for PFFSs is proposed in this paper: First, the new profiles are generated from input point data. Second, the profile information is extracted from the existing model. Last, the old profiles are replaced with the new profiles. This method can preserve the associative information of the existing model and automatically generate the drawing including views, dimensions, and annotations. The proposed method has been implemented using a commercial CAD/CAM system, Unigraphics, and API functions written in C-language, and were applied to the blades of a turbine generator. Some illustrative examples are provided in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The 2003 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, was held June 10-12, 2003 in San Diego, California. This year, SIGMOD was part of the Federated Computing Research Conference (FCRC-2003), which included a total of 16 conferences and workshops. The SIGMOD conference is sponsored by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) and its Special Interest Group on Management of Data (SIGMOD). As has become customary, two days of the conference were overlapped with the Symposium on Principles of Database Systems (PODS). In addition, there were a number of important events co-located with SIGMOD this year, including the 6th International Workshop on the Web and Databases (WebDB), the Workshop on Research Issues in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (DMKD), The Second International Workshop on Distributed Event-Based Systems (MPDS), The Workshop on Management and Processing of Data Streams, the Paris C. Kanellakis Memorial Workshop, and the Second Database Faculty Symposium.As in previous years, SIGMOD held its status as a leading forum for exchange of ideas and publication of new results on data management. Acceptance into the conference proceedings was extremely competitive. We received 342 submissions to the conference (up from 240 in 2002, i.e., over 40% increase). The program committee selected 53 papers for presentation and inclusion in the proceedings. These papers span the range of traditional database topics such as query processing, indexing and OLAP, to current issues of signifcant interest such as XML data management, data streaming, large-scale data sharing, and metadata management. The program committee worked hard to select these papers through a detailed review process and active discussion both electronically and at the program committee meeting held in January in Seattle. We used the CMT to run the entire submissions and review process for research papers, including the program committee meeting.In addition to the research track, we had 73 submissions to the Demonstrations track, of which 22 projects were invited to present. The Demonstrations track has become a key venue for the early dissemination of cutting-edge prototype and systems development experience. Juliana Freire chaired the demos program committee, which put together a diverse and exciting program. The Industrial program committee, chaired by Surajit Chaudhuri, took an active role in soliciting quality submissions and have put together a program that is a key component of this year's conference: not only were there 4 papers accepted through the submission process, but there were an additional 10 invited talks. Likewise, Mary Fernandez and Joe Hellerstein organized an excellent slate of Tutorials and Panels to round out the program. As a result of all these efforts, we have an especially strong and innovative program this year, with a good balance of academic and industrial representation.

The computer aided design and manufacturing CAD/CAM integration systems were focused on product representation techniques or product modeling. In product design process trends are currently tend to use freeform surface that modeling by using (Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline Surface (NURBS), B-spline, Bezier) technique to suit aesthetic, functional and manufacturability requirements. Set of problem are faced difficulties in recognizing freeform feature such polishing process after the finishing machining process by multi-axis CNC machine, sheet metal forming, and freeform surface machining. In this research, a new developed methodology has been introduced for automatic recognition of the depression and protrusion features. The 3D CAD solid model is designed by freeform surfaces of non-uniform B-spline technique and then extracts their parameter by IGES standard format file. The developed methodology has four major steps: Subdivision of Non-uniform B-spline surface, surface analysis, primitives shape detection, and recognition of geometric features.

Twisting motion plays an important role in kinematics of soft robots. However, current twisting actuators usually suffer from complex mechanical design with multiple materials and undesired coupling with bending and stretching motions. In this letter, we propose a new class of soft twisting pneumatic actuators that purely rely on the freeform chamber geometry to achieve large bi-directional twisting rotations. The freeform chamber surface integrates geometric flexibility in the cross section, lateral profile, and axial chirality, which are parameterized as design variables. We develop a finite element analysis model and investigate the effect of the geometry parameters on the actuators' mechanical behavior. The actuator naturally undergoes combined twisting and axial motions, and achieves a bi-directional twisting rotation of 116.7 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> , blocking torque of 0.81 N · m, and energy density of 1907 J/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , well in line with the theoretical prediction. When it is constrained from axial motions, the actuator delivers pure twisting motion, achieving a bi-directional twisting rotation of 72.5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> , blocking torque of 0.56 N· m, and energy density of 925 J/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . This letter represents an important step toward leveraging the full potential of the freeform geometry design to create novel compact soft-bodied actuators and robots.