Exporting solid models (SM) of electrical assemblies into finite element analysis (FEA)

The primary objective of this numerical study is to provide a finite element (FE) analysis approach for segmental structures. The study was conducted using a hollow circular segmental structure model capable of adequately imitating real structural behavior and deals with the effect of varying number of segments on structural performance. In order to verify the FE procedure conducted by DIANA software, comparisons are made with the acquired numerical results and the results taken from previous experimental studies for 1 reinforced concrete (RC) beam, 2 post-tensioned (PT) beam, and 3 segmental post-tensioned beams (SPT). For the considered cases, 1D line, 2D shell, and 3D solid FE models are made, and it is found out that the 3D solid model with interface elements yields the most plausible results. Further, the FE model was constructed to accurately predict segment joint behavior concerning the relationship between the number of segments, concrete compressive strength, and the width of the openings at the segment joints up to collapse. In this study, a hollow circular segmental structure model is utilized to mimic real structural behavior, presenting a novel perspective on internal force transfer mechanisms within segmental structures. Moreover, the FE model is tailored to accurately predict segment joint behavior, elucidating the intricate relationship between the number of segments, concrete compressive strength, and the width of openings at segment joints up to collapse. In addition to presenting a robust numerical analysis framework, this study contributes novel insights into the complex interplay between segmental geometry, material properties, and structural behavior, thus advancing the state-of-the-art in segmental structural design. Thus, a modular construction methodology is proposed for segmental beam type structures ensuring safety, efficiency, and flexibility in challenging load conditions.

Solid modeling of polyhedral objects by Layered Depth-Normal Images on the GPU

This paper describes an innovative engineering process for the design of a new split-case, double-suction, and single-stage centrifugal pump. In order to achieve high pump efficiency and procure accurate and reliable castings, a process was developed utilizing a global network of engineering resources, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes, 3-dimensional (3-D) solid modeling, Finite Element Analysis (FEA), and 3-D inspection tools. The hydraulic components of the pump are designed using in-house hydraulic design tools, empirical test data, and proven CFD technology. Once verified, these designs, in the form of 3-D surfaces, are directly exported to solid-modeling software, where the pump’s mechanical design can be completed. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is used to analyze and help refine the final design before 3-D solid models of the pump casing and impeller are sent to the pattern maker. The pattern maker reviews the models before the final pattern equipment is generated. Once first-article castings are produced, a 3-D coordinate measuring machine is used—by generating the 3-D surfaces of the hydraulic passageways—to inspect the castings and compare them directly to the original solid model.

This Special Issue of JCISE is drawn from outstanding papers presented at the 2002 ACM Solid Modeling symposium. This is the second year that JCISE and ACM have collaborated to produce such a Special Issue, in what promises to become an annual tradition. Previously, JCISE V1, N4 (December 2001) contained selected papers from the 2001 symposium. The ACM/SIGGRAPH Symposia on Solid Modeling and Applications provide a premier international forum for the exchange of original research results and important practical applications in all areas of solid modeling and its applications. The symposia series brings together leading researchers, practitioners and graduate students working in this field. The seventh ACM Symposium on Solid Modeling and Applications was held at the Max Planck Institute for Informatics in Saarbruecken, Germany on June 17–21, 2002, the first to be held outside North America. The symposium was co-chaired by Hans-Peter Seidel of the Max Planck Institute and Vadim Shapiro of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA. The international program committee was co-chaired by Kunwoo Lee of Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea and Nicholas M. Patrikalakis of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass., USA. The program committee comprised of 25 leading experts on solid modeling theory and its applications from academia and industry working in 10 different countries from around the world. Previous symposia in this series were held in Austin, Texas, 1991; Montreal, Canada, 1993; Salt Lake City, Utah, 1995; Atlanta, Georgia, 1997; Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1999 and 2001. Starting with 2002, the Symposium is expected to be held annually, alternating in location between the USA and other countries within a two year period. Ninety-three papers were submitted to the 2002 symposium and reviewed by one member of the program committee and at least three additional referees. Based on these review results, the program co-chairs selected 26 papers for plenary presentation and 17 papers for poster presentation at the symposium. From the 26 plenary papers, the program co-chairs selected 9 papers for this special issue of JCISE. The selection was based on quality and engineering relevance. All selected papers were updated and extended since the version published in the conference proceedings, and were reviewed again by at least two additional referees and revised accordingly. The topics of the papers selected cover the following solid modeling areas: editing of free-form surfaces with haptic methods; reverse engineering of surface models; meshing of implicit surfaces; topological frameworks for part families; free-form surface design; design of transport elements in complex aircraft structures; collaborative framework for part and assembly modeling; modeling of heterogeneous solids; and iso-surface extraction methods. We wish to thank the authors for revising and extending their papers for this special issue of JCISE and the referees for their valuable comments, which improved the quality of the papers included. We hope that you the readers of JCISE will find these papers stimulating and interesting and that this will encourage you to participate in future solid modeling conferences and submit papers on this important area to these conferences and to regular issues of this ASME Transactions, JCISE, which also officially co-sponsored by ACM.

The paper proposes a compact torque sensor with a support structure to minimize crosstalk which can be used in a collaborative robot arm. In the torque sensor, the torque is measured by sensing the deformation of an elastic body using strain gauges. The deformable body design was carried out by an iterative process of design modifications and FEA (Finite Element Analysis) to come up with a design which satisfied all the design requirements. Further design modifications and FEA was carried out to identify and finalize the strain gauge mounting locations on the deformable body. The signal from the strain gauges are amplified, processed and then transmitted to the robot controller using serial communication. The support structure for the torque sensor includes a bearing which minimizes the crosstalk applied on the torque sensor increasing the sensor accuracy. Experiments were carried out to characterize the torque sensor for static torque conditions and to identify the linearity of the proposed sensor. The results of the simulation analysis and experiment results suggest the effectiveness of the proposed torqued sensor.

Aim: This study aimed the description of a protocol to acquire a 3D finite element (FE) model of a human maxillary central incisor tooth restored with ceramic crowns with enhanced geometric detail through an easy-to-use and low-cost concept and validate it through finite element analysis (FEA). Methods: A human maxillary central incisor was digitalized using a Cone Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT) scanner. The resulted tooth CBCT DICOM files were imported into a free medical imaging software (Invesalius) for 3D surface/geometric reconstruction in stereolithographic file format (STL). The STL file was exported to a computer-aided-design (CAD) software (SolidWorks), converted into a 3D solid model and edited to simulate different materials for full crown restorations. The obtained model was exported into a FEA software to evaluate the influence of different core materials (zirconia - Zr, lithium disilicate - Ds or palladium/silver - Ps) on the mechanical behavior of the restorations under a 100 N applied to the palatal surface at 135 degrees to the long axis of the tooth, followed by a load of 25.5 N perpendicular to the incisal edge of the crown. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of maximum principal stress (ceramic veneer) and maximum principal strain (core) were obtained. Results: The Zr model presented lower stress and strain concentration in the ceramic veneer and core than Ds and Ps models. For all models, the stresses were concentrated in the external surface of the veneering ceramic and strains in the internal surface of core, both near to the loading area. Conclusion: The described procedure is a quick, inexpensive and feasible protocol to obtain a highly detailed 3D FE model, and thus could be considered for future 3D FE analysis. The results of numerical simulation confirm that stiffer core materials result in a reduced stress concentration in ceramic veneer.

Suspension system is the most important part in any vehicle. It directly affects the human safety as well as performance. The lower control arm is a wishbone-shaped metal strut that attaches to the wheel assembly. Structural optimization techniques under static load conditions have been widely used in automobile industry for lightweight vehicle to increase its performance level. This study deals with finite element analysis of the lower control arm of MacPherson suspension system and its re-design under static loadings. The existing design of lower control arm from one of the light commercial vehicle is selected for the study. The finite element analysis is carried out to determine the deformation and stress distribution in the existing design. The main aim of this project is to redesign the lower control arm of MacPherson suspension system under the current boundary conditions and increase the safety factor from 1.3 to 2. The baseline model of the lower control arm is created by using solid modeling software, viz. CATIA. The present study is used to reduce the weight as well as cost of the lower control arm under permissible limits. Keywords: Lower control arm, CATIA, ANSYS Cite this Article Vasiuddin Ansari, Ankit Chaudhary, AtharAli Sayyed et al. Design and Analysis of a Lower Control Arm in Car by Finite Element Analysis Approach. Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations. 2018; 8(2): 17–24p.

Finite element analysis has been an increasingly widely applied biomechanical modeling method in many different science and engineering fields over the last decade. In the biological sciences, there are many examples of FEA in areas such as paleontology and functional morphology. Despite this common use, the modeling of trabecular bone remains a key issue because their highly complex and porous geometries are difficult to replicate in the solid mesh format required for many simulations. A common practice is to assign uniform model material properties to whole or portions of models that represent trabecular bone. In this study we aimed to demonstrate that a physical, element reduction approach constitutes a valid protocol for addressing this problem in addition to the wholesale mathematical approach. We tested a customized script for element reduction modeling on five exemplar trabecular geometry models of carnivoran temporomandibular joints, and compared stress and strain energy results of both physical and mathematical trabecular modeling to models incorporating actual trabecular geometry. Simulation results indicate that that the physical, element reduction approach generally outperformed the mathematical approach: physical changes in the internal structure of experimental cylindrical models had a major influence on the recorded stress values throughout the model, and more closely approximates values obtained in models containing actual trabecular geometry than solid models with modified trabecular material properties. In models with both physical and mathematical adjustments for bone porosity, the physical changes exhibit more weight than material properties changes in approximating values of control models. Therefore, we conclude that maintaining or mimicking the internal porosity of a trabecular structure is a more effective method of approximating trabecular bone behavior in finite element models than modifying material properties.

This article describes the advantages of using an interactive software package based on solid modelling for the design and simulation of injection moulded parts. An expert system assists the user in the decision making process at any time during the development of the part. With the help of interactive graphic menus, supported by a flexible database, the process begins with the solid representation of the part. Interactively, the program allows the user to analyse the filling and the cooling phases as well as the actual behaviour of the mould in order to optimize the design and manufacturing parameters. The supporting database has been developed by taking into account the design and manufacturing guidelines, material characteristics and information on tooling and polymer processing. Then a complete optimisation can be performed during the finite element analysis which is based on the information obtained from the results of the process simulation.

Comparison of rubbing induced vibration responses using varying-thickness-twisted shell and solid-element blade models

This study provides an engineering approach for designing an aquaculture cage system for use in constructed channel flow environments. As sustainable aquaculture has grown globally, many novel techniques have been introduced such as those implemented in the global Atlantic salmon industry. The advent of several highly sophisticated analysis software systems enables the development of such novel engineering techniques. These software systems commonly include three-dimensional (3D) drafting, computational fluid dynamics, and finite element analysis. In this study, a combination of these analysis tools is applied to evaluate a conceptual aquaculture system for potential deployment in a power plant effluent channel. The channel is supposedly clean; however, it includes elevated water temperatures and strong currents. The first portion of the analysis includes the design of a fish cage system with specific net solidities using 3D drafting techniques. Computational fluid dynamics is then applied to evaluate the flow reduction through the system from the previously generated solid models. Implementing the same solid models, a finite element analysis is performed on the critical components to assess the material stresses produced by the drag force loads that are calculated from the fluid velocities.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different matrix designs on resilient attachment on an implant-assisted removable partial denture (IARPD) using finite element analysis (FEA). A laser scanner was used to extract the geometrical data of a human partially edentulous mandible. A 12-mm-long and 4.8-mm-diameter-wide implant was modeled, and two types of intradental attachment of snap fastener principle (elliptical) and resilient attachment (titanium) matrices were modeled along with tooth roots and periodontal ligaments. The modeling was performed with a combination of reverse engineering and solid modeling. The model incorporated a removable partial denture and was loaded with realistic bilateral forces. The FEA was used to analyze the stress and strain distributions in the IARPD and in the metal framework. Stresses and deformations in the metal framework and resin denture base surfaces were analyzed for the elliptical and titanium matrix designs. The maximum von Mises stresses were 605.85 and 614.96 MPa in the metal framework surface and 10.35 and 10.63 MPa in the resin denture base surface, respectively, for the elliptical and titanium matrix designs. The maximum deformations (displacements) were 418.5 and 428.3 μm in the metal framework surface for the elliptical and titanium matrix designs, respectively. The corresponding values of displacements for the resin denture base surface were 325.52 and 249.22 μm for the elliptical and titanium matrix designs, respectively. The maximum displacements in the matrixes were, however, nearly the same (229.51 and 229.47 μm) for both the elliptical and titanium matrixes. The titanium matrix design was a more favorable design compared with the elliptical design, because it had lower lateral deformation as indicated by the maximum displacement.

This study analyzes the effects of loading a Kennedy class I implant-assisted removable partial denture (IARPD) using finite element analysis (FEA). Standard RPDs are not originally designed to accommodate a posterior implant load point. The null hypothesis is that the introduction of posteriorly placed implants into an RPD has no effect on the load distribution. A Faro Arm scan was used to extract the geometrical data of a human partially edentulous mandible. A standard plus regular neck (4.8 × 12 mm) Straumann® implant and titanium matrix, tooth roots, and periodontal ligaments were modeled using a combination of reverse engineering in Rapidform XOR2 and solid modeling in Solidworks 2008 FEA program. The model incorporated an RPD and was loaded with a bilateral force of 120 N. ANSYS Workbench 11.0 was used to analyze deformation in the IARPD and elastic strain in the metal framework. FEA identified that the metal framework developed high strain patterns on the major and minor connectors, and the acrylic was subjected to deformation, which could lead to acrylic fractures. The ideal position of the neutral axis was calculated to be 0.75 mm above the ridge. A potentially destructive mismatch of strain distribution was identified between the acrylic and metal framework, which could be a factor in the failure of the acrylic. The metal framework showed high strain patterns on the major and minor connectors around the teeth, while the implant components transferred the load directly to the acrylic.

This study aimed to assess the impact of different thermoplastic gutta-percha obturation techniques on periradicular tissue temperature changes in maxillary central incisors with simulated internal resorption cavities using finite element analysis (FEA). A human maxillary central incisor extracted for periodontal reasons was scanned using a micro-computed tomography device (SCANCO Medical AG, Zurich, Switzerland). Internal root resorptions were designed in the coronal, middle, and apical regions on the solid model using SolidWorks software (SolidWorks Corp., Waltham, MA, USA). The resorption areas were filled using two different thermoplastic gutta-percha techniques: continuous wave condensation (CWC) followed by backfill (BF) techniques, carrier-based gutta-percha (CBG) techniques. The models were also classified based on the presence or absence of simplified blood-flow layer (100 μm) representing perfusion in the periodontal ligament and then transferred to ANSYS software (Canonsburg, PA, USA) for FEA. Consequently, 16 different tooth models were created. Higher temperature values were observed in the apical resorption of the apical third region compared to other regions for both obturation techniques. The CWC + BF technique resulted in higher temperatures and longer durations above the critical threshold of 47 °C compared to the CBG technique. Simulated blood flow reduced PDL and bone temperatures in all models. Under these modeled conditions, the CBG technique induced less periodontal heating than CWC + BF, while apical resorption presented the greatest thermal risk. Experimental validation and advanced bioheat perfusion modeling are required before clinical extrapolation.

Field investigation and finite element analysis on expansion and shrinkage strains of expansive concrete structures