Everyone is a product manager: MAUX, a multi-agent framework for democratized user experience design

Background : In-depth interviews have long been recognized as a central method in user experience (UX) and design research, providing access to users’ perceptions, reasoning, and contextualized experiences. Unlike surveys or behavioral data, interviews reveal how users construct meaning, shift perspectives, and integrate emotions into their experiences. However, the analysis of interview data remains labor-intensive and highly dependent on manual coding, often resulting in inconsistencies and limited scalability. Conventional methods such as grounded theory and thematic analysis capture themes and concepts but struggle to structurally represent cognitive transitions over time. Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP), embeddings, and clustering offer new opportunities, yet these methods are mostly optimized for short or semi-structured text. Their application to lengthy, layered interview narratives remains limited. To address these challenges, this study introduces an automated framework that segments interview data into cognitive units and visualizes reasoning flows to support more consistent and scalable qualitative analysis.<br/>Methods : We developed a Python-based analytical procedure consisting of four steps: semantic unit segmentation, clustering, cognitive tagging, and visualization. Six cognitive tags were defined: Situational Awareness, Conceptual Clarification, Strategic Application, Reflection & Insight, Perspective Shift, and Constraints & Limitations. A supervised classifier trained in manually labeled utterances automated the tagging process. Visualization tools such as Sankey diagrams and heatmaps were used to illustrate cognitive transitions and centralities. Data collection comprised seven in-depth interviews with UX designers, product managers, and data scientists, resulting in 9.5 hours of recorded material and approximately 110,000 characters of transcribed content.<br/>Results : Applying the automated procedure to a total of 1,041 utterances demonstrated that interview data can be quantitatively structured and analyzed along temporal flows and transition patterns. Sankey diagrams and centrality analyses revealed recurring cognitive transitions and key nodes, allowing the structural characteristics of reasoning flows—often difficult to capture through manual coding—to be objectively identified. These findings highlight the potential of analyzing long-form qualitative interviews in a consistent and reproducible manner.<br/>Conclusions : This study proposes an automated framework for structurally quantifying and visualizing interview data. Rather than merely classifying types of reasoning, the approach expresses utterance-level transitions and flows through quantitative metrics and visual maps, thereby complementing the subjectivity and limitations of traditional qualitative analysis. Implemented entirely with open-source Python tools, the method can be adopted without advanced technical resources and offers a pathway toward the standardization and scalability of qualitative analysis in UX and design research.

This research paper explores how artificial intelligence technologies can enhance personalized product recommendations and improve user experiences across various industries. As consumer expectations shift toward tailored interactions, understanding the effective application of AI in meeting these needs is essential for product managers. By analyzing current methodologies, case studies, and potential implications, this study aims to provide insights into the transformative power of AI in product management

Traditional screen-based interfaces are evolving into a new era due to rapid technological advancements and shifting user needs. At the core of this evolution lies Anderson's 1989 vision of computer technology becoming transparent and invisible to the user. Similarly, in the mid-1990s, Weiser laid the foundation for this transformation by arguing that the fundamentals of human-computer interaction should be reconsidered. He proposed that a “disappearing” or “invisible” form of computing offers a more natural and manageable mode of interaction between humans and machines. In the 2000s, Rosalind W. Picard contributed to this discourse by asserting that, if computers are to engage in natural interactions with humans, they must be equipped with the ability to recognize, understand, and even express emotions. She advocated for computers that not only respond to user commands but also proactively act based on the user’s emotional and physiological states. These perspectives collectively form the foundation of the concept of Screenless Interfaces. With the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the advancement of human-machine interaction, user experiences that do not require screens are gaining prominence. Screenless Interfaces engage users through alternative sensory inputs such as voice, touch, motion, and other perceptual modes. These interactions provide users with natural, responsive, and personalized experiences, opening new possibilities in the field of User Experience (UX) Design and fostering direct relationships between users and systems. The aim of this study is to define the concept of Screenless Interfaces, which has become increasingly integrated into contemporary life, and to examine their impact on User Experience Design. To this end, a literature review is conducted to analyze the recent history of Screenless Interfaces and to explore their relationship with UX. Additionally, through the analysis of films and television series, the study discusses the innovative contributions and potential interface designs that Screenless Interfaces may offer to future interaction products. By presenting its findings, the study seeks to shed light on the concept and future of Screenless Interfaces, and to articulate their connection with User Experience Design.

This article focuses on optimizing web interface rendering in large-scale mobile applications that serve billions of users. The study aims to identify how different architectural models—Native, Hybrid, and WebView-based—influence the trade-off between performance, user experience, and delivery agility. This work set out to build a practical way of choosing and improving mobile-app architectures, especially in projects that need constant updates and quick turnarounds, while still being able to scale globally—the methodology of this study is analytical and comparative, based on ten recent peer-reviewed research and sources. The analysis ascertained four themes: performance, user experience or “nativeness,” maintenance work, and how quickly updates can actually roll out. From what was observed, WebView setups often make releases faster and cheaper, though that gain usually costs a bit of raw speed. Hybrid frameworks like React Native or Flutter, meanwhile, come fairly close to native responsiveness and are not as taxing on day-to-day developer effort. The paper also highlights a few applied methods for boosting front-end responsiveness, managing bundles more cleanly, and strengthening offline reliability. The article will be useful to assist engineers and product managers with making releases more frequent while maintaining the same level of polish and reliability for users.

Teaching user experience (UX) design has increasingly become a virtual process. This is particularly true for instructors running online synchronic courses due to the impact of the recent pandemic. A large portion of user research study, which is the backbone of UX design, is now undertaken using non-contact modes and conducted through online tools and methods to facilitate students learning this critical piece of UX design.User research study is essential to UX design. It leads to creativity and inspires design thinking. To fulfil their coursework on user research study, students explored online resources and utilised remote user research tools, such as online card sorting for user-centred information architecture and a web-based eye tracking machine learning tool for information hierarchy.Even though it lacked physical human interaction, using online user research tools in our experience was found to be accessible and effective and produced satisfactory learning results. This paper shares the experience of the online synchronic teaching of a UX design course at a state university and calls for an open discussion for utilising online tools in UX design education, which holds potential for becoming a new normal in academia in the post-pandemic era.KeywordsCovid-19User experience designGraphic designOnline user research toolsDesign pedagogy

The purpose of the research is to substantiate information architecture as a modern professional competence of information and library specialists and to analyse its formation through the prism of synergy between library sciences and UX design. Research methodology. General scientific methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis, comparison) were used for the theoretical justification of the synergy between library sciences and UX design. Content analysis of scientific sources and a descriptive-analytical method were used to generalise the experience of integrating the educational component ‘Information Architecture’ into the educational process. The scientific novelty lies in the theoretical justification of information architecture as a synergistic professional competence that arises at the intersection of library science and UX design. Essential interdisciplinary skills for information and library specialists to create user-friendly digital resources have been identified. For the first time, the integration of the educational component “Information Architecture” into the training program for specialists has been summarised and presented, confirming its practical significance. Conclusions. Information architecture is a vital modern professional skill that connects traditional library science with user experience (UX) design principles. By incorporating information architecture into educational programs, we promote an interdisciplinary approach to specialist training. This integration enables future professionals to create effective and intuitive digital information environments. As a result, it expands their career opportunities and improves their capability to manage complex digital information resources.

Companies in all businesses need efficient and user-friendly tools for experience design in a fast-paced digitalized world searching for sustainability. Although there are hundreds of methods and models in the interdisciplinary area of experience design, a general methodological framework for capturing the user experience as a personal outcome of the interaction with digitalized products and services into the value proposition of a business model is missing. In this paper, we develop a methodological framework for service design that guides the experience design process, aiming to enrich the value proposition with user experience in a business model. The framework is developed by integrating the fields of user experience design, service design, and business model design based on the notion of service-dominant logic and following design science principles. The framework is evaluated according to the design science methodology by applying multiple case studies in seven small and medium-sized companies in Croatia.

BackgroundAging is associated with various challenges, especially concerning mobility. Transportation planning e-tools are currently available to provide older adults with real-time travel information and help them choose trip options. However, many older adults find them challenging to use, as they are not tailored to their specific needs, such as lack of accessibility to the different means of transportation. It is necessary to identify knowledge gaps about design based on older adults’ experience using transportation planning e-tools.ObjectiveThis study aims to identify knowledge gaps regarding the user experience design and its evaluation for older adults using transportation planning e-tools.MethodsA scoping review of the scientific literature was conducted, based on Arksey and O’Malley’s guidelines. The search covers sources published in English from January 2002 to October 2022 through 7 scientific databases, including MEDLINE, AgeLine, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ProQuest, IEEE Explore, and TRID (Transportation Research International Documentation), and was updated in October 2023. Data selection and extraction were performed by the first author and were co-validated by 2 co-authors. The identified sources were analyzed based on source characteristics (authors, year of publication, title of the article, source of article, country, and context of the studies), the purpose of the studies (objectives and study orientation), and the mapping of the methodology and evaluation of user experience (design approach, setting, type of data collection and analysis, type of usability evaluation, and sample size). Both descriptive-analytical methods and thematic analysis were used to analyze the categorized data.ResultsOverall, 1905 sources were identified through databases, and 40 sources were selected for full-text analysis. Data analysis revealed in recent years that there has been significant growth in e-tools designed for older adults, but only 2 studies were related to the field of transportation. In total, 12 studies aimed to evaluate user experience, and 22 studies focused on a user-centered design approach. Most of these studies (n=31) were carried out in a laboratory setting, using summative usability evaluation (user-based testing). The System Usability Scale (SUS) was the most prevalent tool (15 studies) to measure user efficiency and satisfaction. However, no studies have been found that specifically aim to improve the mobility experience of older adults using an age-friendly transportation planning e-tool in a real-life context.ConclusionsThere is a lack of studies assessing older adults’ experience when using transportation planning e-tools in real-life situations. To bridge this gap, a participatory approach is necessary to better consider the needs of older adults in a real-life context and create age-friendly design guidelines for the development of transportation planning e-tools. This will not only enhance their user experience in trip planning but also promote their social engagement by improving their mobility.

The effectiveness of user experience design is dependent on many factors including complete and accurate contextual information, design approaches, and methods followed. The recent HCI literature clearly shows that there is a growing research interest on integration of User Experience (UX) design and agile software development. A framework based on design thinking is proposed that enhances the current user experience design by integration of three design approaches - design thinking, designing for user experience and agile software development. These three different design approaches of the framework complement each other to benefit effective derivation of contextual requirements that include functionality of the system as well as aspects of total user experience based on the shared understanding gained from stakeholders in the context. Implications of each design approach on stakeholders and the context are discussed in detail to show the significance and value of the proposed framework on the whole design and design process. It is expected that the proposed framework is capable of enhancing the design quality and user experience of products, systems, and services created through agile software development approaches.Keywordsuser experienceagile software developmenthuman-centered designhuman-computer interactiondesign thinking

The alignment of User Experience (UX) design and business strategy is now a primary factor in the success of organizations operating in the current, competitive digital environment. Salesforce is a renowned Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system that consistently facilitates the processes of customer engagement, sales, and service. Nonetheless, to get the most out of it, a well-designed UX strategy must be developed to help it keep up with the business-wide goals. This paper gives a systematic process of coming up with and transforming a salesforce UX design strategy such that it fulfils outlined objectives of a particular organization. We discuss the importance of stakeholder analysis, persona creation, UX design principles, agile iteration, and Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) integration. The research design is perceived as a combination of qualitative understandings, case studies, and empirical research, aimed at observing gaps and offering solutions. The presented key issues are user adoption, data visualization and optimization of tasks and cross-functional team cooperation. The proposed strategy illustrates positive differences in customer satisfaction, workflow efficiency, and Return on Investment (ROI) that will be quantifiable due to the consideration of a combination of design thinking, Human-Centered Design (HCD), and business analysis. UX evaluation metrics and KPIs used to determine impact are also analysed. The article serves the field of knowledge by providing practitioners and researchers with a step-by-step method for designing UX in enterprise CRM systems, aligning the needs of users with business performance metrics

We describe two cases of open user experience (UX) design using the Firefox web browser and OpenOffice.org office suite as case studies. We analyze the social complexity of integrating UX practices into the two open source projects using activity awareness, a framework for understanding team performance in collective endeavors of significant scope, duration, and complexity. The facets of activity awareness are common ground, community of practice, social capital, and human development. We found that differences between the communities include different strategies for community building, UX status in the community, type of open UX design, and different ways to share information.KeywordsUser experienceopen UX designFirefoxOpenOffice.orgdesignFLOSSopen sourceactivity awarenesscomplex teamwork

This article provides an introduction to the usage of software engineering approaches and tools for the design of user experience (UE). This approach was developed for three main reasons: (a) to provide UE design teams a rigorous, methodical, encompassing method that can be applied throughout the entire product development cycle; (b) to provide designers a way to work with abstract concepts to establish the conceptual design of the system before progressing to the realization of the design to the appropriate platform; and (c) to communicate the intended design to the implementation team in a manner that is concise, complete, and familiar. The approach is the application of Unified Modeling Language concepts to describe users and the UE design rather than the technical architecture. It is believed that designing the UE design separately from the technical architecture will help ensure teams deliver a usable and delightful UE. The methods in this article have been applied to a handful of real-world projects in the last year and a half. Thus far, the application of software engineering approaches and tools have been found to be very powerful aids that have enabled the creation of highly useful Web experiences as well as software applications. Our intent is to address the full gamut of issues involved in creating a total user experience (UE)-from discovery of users needs through high-level and low-level design, ensuring fidelity during development, and deployment, with a full assessment of how well the design meets users' needs. We believe that through a concerted use of such a rigorous approach we can greatly improve not only the UE of products we create, but also the experience of designing and developing them. We are not the only team taking this direction in UE design. It has become clear to many in our field that a more rigorous, thorough, and accurate approach to UE design is not only possible-it is necessary, for many of the same reasons that software engineers long ago embraced such practices. As we are evolving our approaches in other phases, this article focuses on the discovery and design phase activities.

This conceptual research paper aims to explore the integration of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and User Experience (UX) design in the context of website usability. With the increasing importance of websites in attracting and engaging users, understanding the relationship between SEO practices and UX design principles becomes crucial. This paper examines the potential benefits and challenges associated with integrating SEO and UX design, proposing a framework for optimizing website usability while enhancing search engine visibility. The conceptual exploration emphasizes the need to strike a balance between SEO and UX design to create user-centered websites that achieve high rankings in search engine results pages (SERPs).

Design thinking works well in user experience (UX) design, but there are few empirical studies on it. Thus, a systematic literature review is needed to understand the research topic better and recommend future research. The review followed the PRISMA 2020 Statement. The selected database is Scopus as it covers reputable publications. The search terminology is “design thinking” AND “experience” OR UX AND app OR application. The final set consisted of 10 publications. According to the Scopus Database, there was a significant increase in research studies on this topic from 2012 to 2022. The trend has continued to increase, indicating that research on design thinking approaches in UX design has become a hot topic for research and discussion. This paper found that Design Thinking is an essential component of user experience design and is used across various topics and industries. However, graphic design remains an unexplored area for research, presenting opportunities for further study. Keywords: design thinking, user experience, systematic literature review

An optimized User Experience (UX) design plays a significant role in creating a comfortable browsing experience, ensuring good accessibility, and enhancing user satisfaction. This study analyzes the UX design of the Info Loker Karawang website by applying the User-Centered Design (UCD) method and evaluating the resulting prototype using the System Usability Scale (SUS) to assess the website’s ease of use. The UCD method was selected because it places the user at the center of the design process, enabling the development of solutions that align closely with users’ needs, expectations, and characteristics. This approach has proven effective in producing relevant and intuitive interfaces through stages of analysis, design, and evaluation involving active user participation. Following the design phase, the prototype was tested using the SUS instrument to measure how well the design solution met usability and user satisfaction criteria. The evaluation results indicate that applying UCD in website design significantly improves usability, achieving a SUS score of 72.5, which falls into Grade B and is categorized as “Good” on the adjective rating scale. This research provides insights into the importance of user-centered approaches in website development and demonstrates the effectiveness of SUS in evaluating and measuring the success of UX design outcomes.