Features of combining various options for casting and rolling billets

The monograph «Public Administration in the Conditions of Crisis and Sanctionary Constraints: Domestic and Foreign Experience» touches upon the need for the operational development of concepts and mechanisms for studying, assessing, forecasting and sequential overcoming of actual crisis manifestations, especially the geopolitical crisis that began with the collapse of the USSR at the turn of the century and destroyed the relative stability of the system of international relations, based on the bipolarity of the world order.The authors of the monograph defined the subject of their research, starting from the assumption that the state’s anti-crisis strategy should be used not only as an emergency measure to restore the destroyed system, but also as the most important form of generating new approaches to public administration that can provide modernization of this system in difficult and extremely contradictory conditions globalization, the growth of crisis contradictions and international sanctions. The monograph attempts to comprehend foreign and domestic experience in the development and implementation of various models of anti-crisis development and identify the most acceptable methods of state anti-crisis management for Russia.The monograph under review is innovative, original, executed on a high scientific level by research. Many of the informative plots of this research appeared in the scientific plan for the first time and can not but interest the theorists and practitioners of state administration, constitutional and administrative law.

Hot rolling strips at the casting and rolling unit during coil-to-coil and endless rolling modes

Experimental study on downstream rolling process for twin roll casting magnesium alloy strip was carried out. The microstructure of the casting and rolling strip were observed by OM, SEM, and TEM. The effects of homogenizing process, the parameters of rolling process and annealing after rolled on secondary rolling of AZ31B casting strip were analyzed. The results show that the twin roll casting strip are suitable for rolling at 380-420 °C after homogenizing at 400 oC for two hours, the reduction rate of each pass should be controlled lower than 18%. Mg alloy sheets with thickness from 0.3-1 mm can be produced in once annealing period in this way. By controlling the pass reduction and rolling temperature, the fabricated AZ31B Mg alloy sheets can achieve both high strength and good plasticity by grain refining below 10μm. The mechanical properties of rolled strip after annealing at 400 oC for 0.5h-1h could get tensile strength 220MPa and meantime elongation rate 20%.

Recycled aluminum alloys are pivotal for sustainable manufacturing, offering strength, durability, and environmental advantages. However, the presence of iron (Fe) impurities poses a major challenge, undermining their properties and recyclability. Conventional manufacturing processes result in coarse Fe-rich intermetallic compounds that limit the tolerance of Fe content and negatively influence performance of advanced aluminum alloys. To address this, rapid solidification techniques like direct strip casting have been explored. In this work, a detailed study of the strip cast microstructure was conducted by scanning electron microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction and atom probe tomography. Our results reveal that alloys produced by direct strip casting exhibit significantly refined microstructures and are free from coarse Fe-rich intermetallics, thereby retaining the majority of Fe in solid solution. These findings indicate that strip casting significantly enhances Fe-tolerance in aluminum alloys, making it an attractive process for future aluminum recycling, with implications for sustainable high-performance applications.Graphical

Wood waste incorporation for lightweight porcelain stoneware tiles with tailored thermal conductivity

The main purpose of the research is to examine the interaction of electronic library sites as an elements of the information resource management system based on local and foreign experience. It consists of defining the location of electronic sites of libraries and information centers as an element of information resource management, interpreting information resources as a system, analyzing their logistics capabilities. 
 In the digital environment, place of library sites is in the management of information resources. The article examines the characteristics of electronic sites, which form the main interface structure of library systems. Predicated on the experience of specific libraries, the requirements for the use of the electronic resource database are highlighted. Information resources published on domestic and foreign electronic library sites used by academic users and general reader groups were analyzed and their relevant search capabilities were explicated. The article also examines the interaction of the Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy-ADA Library and The US Library of Congress website with the electronic library and electronic catalog interface as an example of domestic and foreign electronic library experience.

In the process of distance education, the main role is given to digitalization, which essentially changes the methodology and algorithm in the learning process. This is especially true in the higher education system, where online courses, trainings and other innovative teaching methods are common in the practice of training. In modern conditions of obtaining knowledge and training specialists, innova- tive approaches to achieving digital literacy, mastering the key competencies of the digital economy are required.  The purpose of the research in the scientific article proposed by the authors is to analyze current trends in the use of digital technologies in the system of distance education (DO); based on the study of foreign and domestic experience, to identify the pros and cons in the field of distance learning in the context of the transition to digital format. The programs and projects implemented by state bodies in the field of distance education are fo- cused on the transformation of the entire technological process of education and training. All this comes down to the training of highly qualified specialists of the innovative formation that meet the new require- ments of the digital economy. The article also notes the negative consequences of the current trend involving the distance educa- tion system. Thus, modern society will have to cope with such problems as the need to address the issues of adapting the educational system to the digital environment, the reduction of traditional employment markets instead of other areas of training, which is accompanied by the presence of ethical aspects of the use of digital technologies, the vulnerability of human rights in the digital space, the growth of cy- bercrime, and others. In response to these challenges, the tasks of organizational and legal regulation of the education system, which has switched to the distance learning mode, come to the fore. To identify problems and recommendations, a sociological survey was conducted among respondents studying in this mode be- fore, as well as the opinions of experts dealing with the optimization of the educational process in the context of the use of digital technologies were systematized. Key words: on-line education, digitalization, RK, distance learning (DL), mass open online courses( MOOCs), digital technologies of educational programs, digital literacy, information security, graduates, information and communication technologies (ICT).

The urgency of the research is the concept of sports culture, which is formed in the conditions of globalization with the usage of domestic and foreign experience which is analyzed. The concept of sport is seen as expression of the generic nature of a man that is reduced to a physical and spiritual perfection of man, the harmony of the soul with the inner essence of a man. Formulation of the task - the article focuses on the development of sports culture in the conditions of globalization, which acts as an integral part of global culture and acts as an influential force capable of consolidating society. Sports are an important element of culture and one of the most widespread activities. Sport is claimed as a social, cultural and economic phenomenon of a globalized society. This type of society requires the development of the concept of sports culture and its implementation in the cultural practice of sports management. The analysis of recent research and publications. We rely on authors who investigated sport as a phenomenon that acts as a factor in the formation and development of personality. The problem of self-determination of a sports personality as a philosophical problem is considered in the philosophical works of V. Bilohur, N. Vizitey, R. Robertson, I. Walsall's, E. Giddens, M. Kastesels, U. Beka. Isolation of unexplored parts of the general problem - conceptualization of the concept of sports culture. At the core of the study is the conceptualization of the basic sports circuits in the system of interdisciplinary space as a factor for the formation of a tempered and integral sports personality. Methodology - the use of approaches, in particular anthropologic, ontological and art-therapeutic, which allowed considering sport as an important economic, social and cultural phenomenon, aimed at developing the concept of sports culture. Presenting main material. The place and role of the concept of sports culture as a new scientific direction and discipline of the culture of sports management are analyzed. At the heart of the culture of sports management - the development of a sports man, the use of humanistic and cultural foundations for the formation of a holistic concept of sports culture. The place and role of sports culture in the conditions of globalization in the context of domestic and foreign experience for the affirmation and development of the human organism, which predetermine the formation of a sports person, is explored. It is revealed that the concept of sports culture forms a model for expanding the influence of sport on all spheres of society's life in a globalizing environment, which contributes to the unification of mankind. The essence of sport as the main determinant of influence on the development of the culture of sports personality is revealed. Conclusions - the concept of sport in the context of sports culture in the conditions of globalization, based on which the affirmation of the cultivation of the culture of the soul, body and spirit, is revealed

In the present paper, twin roll strip casting was applied to fabricating the strips of low carbon steels containing different P contents. P was spontaneously segregated near strip surfaces by the deformation in mushy zone during strip casting. Uniform surface layers enriched in P can be formed after subsequent processing of cold rolling and annealing, which can be used as surface coatings for the improvement of both weathering resistance and mechanical properties including toughness and elongation. In terms of plasticity, the elongation of conventional strips started drastically decreasing with P content beyond 0.15% by weight. By contrast, the elongation of the cast strips containing 0.26% P remained at the level of about 30%, with the tolerated ability of P being increased by about 0.1% by weight by twin roll strip casting. The ductile–brittle transition temperatures (DBTT) for the cast strips after cold rolling and annealing were measured to be lower than those for the conventional strips after hot rolling, cold rolling and annealing by 10–15°C. For 120 cycles of corrosion exposure, the weight gains of the 0.15 and 0.26P cast strips were reduced by more than 30% as compared with that on the conventional strip containing 0.08% P. It has been demonstrated that phosphate enriched layers could be formed beneath the corrosion scales of the 0.15 and 0.26P cast strips after cold rolling and annealing, which reduced the corrosion rate and improved the corrosion resistance.

Ensuring and improving the quality of teaching and learning, in particular the academics’ potential development, is reflected in strategic European and domestic documents, namely in the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, the Paris Communiqué, the Strategy for Higher Education in Ukraine for 2021-2031 and others. The expediency for academics’ potential development is confirmed by the results of a national survey on the needs for the development of Ukrainian universities in the process of reforming higher education in the context of European integration. The article highlights the problems of academics’ potential development. Based on foreign and domestic experience, the theoretical bases for academics’ potential development, in particular the conceptual and terminological apparatus and structural components of teaching metacompetence are substantiated. The concept «potential of an academic» is defined as a set of intellectual, intangible resources, conditions and opportunities created for the production and accumulation of new knowledge, ideas, technologies, competencies and other productive properties at the university, which combines two levels of connections functioning in unity. The first level of connections are resources that are the result of past and present, and the second – opportunities, i.e. those abilities and connections that are future-oriented, constantly changing, evolving, forming new abilities, characteristics, including elements of the future development. The following components are distinguished in the structure of teaching metacompetence: prognostic; design; objective; innovative; pedagogical partnership; organizational; information and digital; reflexive; linguistic and communicative; inclusive; motivational; health-preserving; emotional-ethical and evaluative-analytical. The development of the above components of teaching metacompetence will help ensure the quality of higher education and increase the competitiveness of the university in the educational services market.

The article provides an analytical review of foreign and domestic experience in research and design solutions in the field of landscaping and improvement of recreational waterside and island territories. The main research directions and authors associated with them are listed. The main problems that violate the integrity of recreational space in waterside territories have been identified. The optimal conditions for recreation at such bodies have been identified. The main patterns of creation, landscaping and improvement of waterside and island territories are determined with fundamental conclusions, both in the world and in Russian practice.

The primary role in the organisation of healthcare facilities belongs to the medical worker, and the development of an effective personnel management system is the main task of personnel management managers in this field. The current health care system in Ukraine faces the difficult task of adapting to market conditions of business through systematic restructuring and improvement of its state regulation mechanisms, and most importantly, implementation of the integrated development and management of medical personnel, on which the performance of the system’s tasks depends. The article aims to compare the personnel management system in healthcare institutions, considering foreign and domestic experience. In addition, the authors carried out a scientific and theoretical justification of the place and role of personnel management in the healthcare field in the current conditions of the European integration of Ukraine. Within the framework of this study, the authors investigated the directions of scientific publications devoted to personnel management systems in the healthcare field. Data containing bibliographic information about scientific publications in peer-reviewed publications were obtained from the Scopus database. The results showed that scholars research human resources management in healthcare institutions, mainly focusing on personnel development, HRM, total quality management, organisational culture, personal loyalty, leadership, gender issues, and psychological aspects. The analysis of the experience of European countries with a developed healthcare system allows us to conclude that there is a need to implement optimal mechanisms for the development of human resources aimed at training, support, preservation and effective use of available resources, which is one of the important areas of personnel management of the institution. In addition, the reform strategy emphasises the need for cross-sectoral linkages (between education, health, labour and finance sectors), practical analytical justification and alignment of political decisions between sectors of the economy.

Solid waste (SW) outputs of industrial nations, mostly biomass, could fuel much more of their increasing energy needs than they currently do while creating good local jobs and industries. Using U.S. data as an example, 24 types of wasted or underutilized organic solids are identified. Now usually disposal problems, most of these SWs can be converted into useful gas, liquid, and solid (charcoal) fuels via pyrolysis. The non-condensable and condensable pyro-volatiles can be used by direct combustion as a clean source of heat energy or with advanced cleaning, in high-efficiency gas turbines or fuel cells. Pyrolysis processing has some important energy, environmental, economic, and security (EEES) advantages with respect to direct combustion or air or oxygen-blown partial combustion–gasification. An analytical semi-empirical model (ASEM) that points to some order in pyrolysis yields that could be helpful in optimizing the outputs of Solid Waste to Energy by Advanced Thermal Technologies (SWEATT) systems is described. We describe an analytical cost estimation (ACE) model that can be used to relate the cost of electricity for diverse electrical generating technologies including SWEATT systems to capital, operation, environmental control, cost of fuel (COF), and estimated costs of environmental and security externalities (ESE) such as climate change and terror threats. ACE can be useful particularly in estimating the impact of changes in COF and ESE, usually the most uncertain independent variables. The EEES issues related to soil applications of biomass pyrolysis products, i.e., biochar, are outlined. A growing International Biochar Initiative is underway to use biochar to sequester carbon in the soil, thereby mitigating climate change while enhancing soil fertility. High transportation costs due to the low energy densities of biomass/SW, compared to coal or petroleum, imply that siting SWEATT systems close to the SW source would have a number of cost and environmental advantages. The application of SWEATT systems in support of agricultural programs that grow high-yield vegetable oil crops intended for biodiesel production on non-food-producing lands is considered as a means of providing additional revenue streams. Additional SWEATT applications in conjunction with the other forms of the 24 types of SW are to be expected. energy type is very sensitive to its physical form as indicated in Table 2 which gives prices of various forms of energy in the United States at the beginning of 2010. The large carbon dioxide neutral (neither net producing nor consuming CO2) plant matter components in Table 1 can help in greenhouse heating mitigation. The great diversity of physical and chemical characteristics of fuel wastes (feedstock) in Table 1 implies that the world now needs “omnivorous feedstock converters” (OFCs) to change these solid fuels into much more usable liquid or gaseous fuels or better solid fuels. Fig. 1 is a conceptual illustration of an OFC adapted from a number of prior papers in which a SW pyrolyzer–gasifier–liquifier–carbonizer is coutilized with a natural gas-fired combined cycle (NGCC) system, as will be discussed below. Table 3 shows major ranks of coals as well as of peat, wood, and cellulose and their ultimate and proximate analyses as measured by industry for over a century. The SOLID WASTE, SOLID FUELS, AND THEIR PROPERTIES In 2011 the United States was heavily (~50%) reliant on foreign sources for its liquid fuels and somewhat (~10%) dependent upon imports for its gaseous fuels. Our country is now expending “blood and treasure” in its efforts to stabilize regions of the globe that supply these premium fuels. Yet the United States is well endowed with solid fuels in the form of coal, oil shale, and substantial quantities of renewable but wasted solids. As part of a continuing long search for alternatives to oil, this entry is focused on converting our solid waste to energy by advanced thermal technologies (SWEATTs) while mitigating environmental and economic problems. Table 1 is a list of United States’ abundant supply of solid waste (SW) whose organic matter can be converted into gaseous and liquid fuels as well as charcoal. The value society places on a specific fuel or D ow nl oa de d by [ T & F In te rn al U se rs ], [ M eg an H ila nd s] a t 0 6: 09 3 0 Ju ly 2 01 3 Energy: Solid Waste Advanced Thermal Technology 831 En er gy E ffi ci en cy –

The collective monograph describes the priority areas for development of scientific research: domestic and foreign experience. The general issues of the medical, biological and veterinary sciences, etc. are considered. The publication is intended for scholars, teachers, postgraduate students, and students, as well as a wide readership.

The progress of work on the revising of building codes and regulations of the “Solar Hot Water Installations”, operating in the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan is shown. The goal of the work is to create a modified republican regulatory document that meets modern requirements and provides an increase in the energy efficiency of designed solar hot water installations by 30%. The analysis was conducted with domestic and foreign experience in the design, and construction and operation of solar hot water installations for various purposes was studied and summarized. The selection of advanced technical achievements and scientific research of different countries in the field of energy saving and efficient use of solar energy has been carried out. In the process of revising the regulatory document, outdated regulations were excluded; new regulatory requirements were included, taking into account the current level of scientific and technological achievements, design and construction practices, and regional features of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The article introduces and substantiates main changes made to the previously existing building codes and rules, developed on the basis of the analysis of generally accepted results of completed research, development and experimental work, the study and synthesis of domestic and foreign experience in designing, building and operating solar hot water installations for various purposes.