Implementing Diffie-Hellman key exchange method on logical key hierarchy for secure broadcast transmission

Security is major concern in data handling, communication, message transmission and electronic transaction on public network. Cryptography (secret writing) is the encryption process of transformation of messages to make information secure and resistant to attack. AES is symmetric encryption standard recommended by NIST. AES is proved to be highly secure, faster and strong encryption algorithm. AES is used commonly because of its great competence and easiness. But in recent years cyber-attacks are continuously developing, therefore security specialists must stay busy in the lab inventing new schemes to keep attackers at bay. Possible attacks on symmetric algorithm can be Brute-force Attack, Differential Attack, Algebraic Attack and Linear Attack. So to provide strong security in message transmission, AES algorithm with hybrid approach of Dynamic Key Generation and Dynamic S-box Generation is proposed. In hybrid approach first we will add more complexity in data to increase Confusion and Diffusion in Cipher text by using Dynamic Key Generation and then by using Dynamic S-Box Generation we will make it difficult for attacker to do any down study of static set of S-box.

The express expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to an exponential increase for data being generated and transmitted from various connected devices. This poses significant challenges in terms of data privacy and security, as unauthorized access to such sensitive information can have severe consequences like identity theft or financial fraud. This research proposes a model for sensitive data detection and protection in IoT, based on deep learning and optimization-enabled secure encryption. By combining deep learning-based sensitive data detection and optimization-enabled secure encryption, this model offers a comprehensive solution to preserve data privacy in IoT. The proposed model uses a novel and secure encryption algorithm, ensuring the privacy of the data. An algorithm, Improved Skill Optimization Algorithm (ISOA), which enhances the performance of existing optimization algorithms by incorporating the concept of Double Exponential Smoothing (DES), is proposed for the secure key generation for the data encryption. Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a block cipher algorithm that encrypts and decrypts data using a 56-bit key and 64-bit blocks. The proposed model provides a robust solution for data privacy preservation in IoT networks, which is crucial for protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access and data breaches. The proposed algorithm's performance analysis is evaluated using metrics, like computation time, memory, and fitness function. Results indicate that proposed ISOA based encryption model succeeded a greater performance, with a memory of 0.5170 MB, computational time of 1126.47 sec and fitness value of 1.3630.

Security and the privacy features concerning e-banking needs to be improved rapidly to continue its growing. It is really difficult to ensure enough adequate security by using the conventional algorithms for a long time period, due to recent advances such as high progress in cryptanalysis techniques, improvement of computing skills and continuous hacking trials. This paper refers important issues regarding how to enhance the transition to more secure cryptographic and encryption algorithms in the financial sector. This paper recommends that adopting and implementing open source applications following international standards can be considered as a good replacement to the conventional algorithms to offer more enhancement security techniques and highest performance encryption algorithms for e-banking transaction services. We proposed a modified algorithm for AES, in which substitute byte, shift row will remain as in the original AES while mix column operation is replaced by 128 permutation operation followed by add round key operation. Comparative study with traditional encryption algorithms is shown the superiority of the modified algorithm and its high ability to overcome the problem of computational overhead. We additionally suggested another level of e-banking security services using Confidence Building Metric (CBM). The CBMs are computed based on certain parameters and can be implemented on any platform at the client side.

ABSTRACTRecently, in chaotic cryptography several new techniques have been suggested to develop efficient and secure image encryption algorithm for communication of image over insecure/public channels. Some of these techniques are computationally less complex but fails to provide sufficient security, and some techniques are though highly secured but increases computational overhead for encryption and decryption. This paper presents an efficient bit-plane encryption algorithm using chaotic, quadratic, and cubic maps. The proposed algorithm is based on the confusion, diffusion, and pixel randomisation processes. The encryption security of this technique for different bit-plane has been tested through key space analysis, statistical analysis, entropy analysis, and sensitivity analysis for real time image encryption and transmission. The presented algorithm shows the strength of security in terms of information entropy, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), number of pixels change rate (NPCR), unified average changing intensity (UACI), and correlation coefficient with the number of encrypted bit planes. It is clear that the strength of security increases with the number of encrypted bit planes, but the presented results demand that the level of security reached to the requirements (expected theoretically according to [C. Fu, et al., Optic Express, 20, 2363–78, Jan. 2012]) after encryption of four to six bit planes with reasonable small encryption/decryption time. This features proved the novelty of the proposed work. The algorithm is tested by the random and pseudo-random sequence of test standard SP 8000-22 released by National Institute of Standard and Technology Commission (NIST).

In today's world, most individuals are suffering from health complications due to sedentary lifestyles, food habits, and aging. This might have distracted them from their daily activities, and many individuals are not seeking medical help with their busy work schedules. To overcome these challenges, Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) provides challenging solutions with continuous and remote monitoring systems. Tiny sensors are either embedded in the body or worn by the patients for tracking physiological factors, including heart pulse rate (bilirubin), pressures (alkphos), and levels of hemoglobin (albumin). The inserted or implanted sensors collect the data and transmit it to the central sink node for the aggregation of the readings, and reports are comprehensively generated and transmitted to the medical professionals for analysis. While transmitting the sensitive data, a security breach might occur with the wireless channels. To enhance security, Enhanced Juels and Sudan (EJS) encryption algorithm is deployed to safeguard both the data and sensor systems. This prevents unauthorized access to data. Whale Optimization Algorithm is deployed for improving optimized network performance and security. Simulations are conducted in the Cooja simulator and demonstrate enhanced convergence efficacy, optimal weight computation, and mitigated error rates, including False Rejection Rate (FRR) and False Acceptance Rate (FAR) for a robust health monitoring system.

In this report, we present an encryption algorithm that can be used for hardware-implemented applications to secure data communications, this encryption algorithm is based on hiding a number of bits from plain text message into a random vector of bits, the locations of the hidden bits are determined by a key known to the sender and receiver, we call this algorithm hybrid hiding encryption algorithm (HHEA). The name demonstrates the two basic operations of this algorithm, these operations include inserting part of the plaintext bits into a cover to hide it from recognition, that is, there are no conventional operations on the ciphered text, just plain hiding in a random bit string, the name hybrid is used to show that the algorithm has built-in features that are inherited from data hiding techniques or steganography

The increasing demand for secure and efficient encryption algorithms has intensified the exploration of alternative cryptographic solutions, including biologically inspired systems like cellular automata. This study presents a symmetric block encryption design based on multiple reversible cellular automata (RCAs) that can assure both computational efficiency and reliable restoration of original data. The encryption key, with a length of 224 bits, is composed of specific rules used by the four distinct RCAs: three with radius-2 neighborhoods and one with a radius-3 neighborhood. By dividing plaintext into 128-bit blocks, the algorithm performs iterative transformations over multiple rounds. Each round includes forward or backward evolution steps, along with dynamically computed shift values and reversible transformations to securely encrypt or decrypt data. The encryption process concludes with an additional layer of security by encrypting the final RCA configurations, further protecting against potential attacks on the encrypted data. Additionally, the 224-bit key length provides robust resistance against brute force attacks. Testing and analysis were performed using a custom-developed software (version 1.0) application, which helped demonstrate the algorithm’s robustness, encryption accuracy, and ability to maintain data integrity.

In today's interconnected digital landscape, network integrity, efficiency, and security are paramount for business, institutional, and personal interactions. This chapter focuses on delving into the functionalities of Wireshark, offering an extensive exploration of packet inspection methodologies and effective strategies to mitigate the risks associated with password sniffing attacks. It involves capturing and analyzing network traffic, examining key protocols like HTTP, DNS, SMTP, and more, and demonstrating data transmission across the network Through practical demonstrations readers are guided through the process of deploying Wireshark to capture and analyze network packets in real-time. Focused on thwarting password sniffing—a common tactic used by adversaries to intercept and decrypt sensitive data, including login credentials. Wireshark enables readers to identify and counter common password-sniffing techniques. The chapter also covers proactive steps like adopting secure protocols, encryption algorithms, and best password management practices.

Chapter 1 - Introducing Network Analysis

This paper proposed a secure and fast image encryption algorithm which is composed of permutation and substitution of pixels. In order to eliminate the relation between adjacent pixels in the image sufficiently, firstly, the sequence which derives from Logistic map is sorted as an ascending order, and the transformation function of element's index can be obtained in this process. Secondly, perform XOR operation between the scrambled pixel sequence and another chaotic sequence which derives from Henon map. Experiment simulations show that the proposed algorithm is secure against different types of attacks and can be applied to the real time encryption.

There is an increasing need for secure and fast encryption algorithms to support applications and communication protocols, and business models. In this paper, we present an alternative stream cipher (Strike) inspired by the stochastic behaviour of lightning strike phenomena. The novelty and originality of Strike stem from the utilisation of lightning strike behaviour as a source for generating random keystreams for encryption and decryption. Strike consists of three main functions: a function for setting up the security attributes, a function for generating lightning strikes and converting them to a keystream, and a function for plaintext encryption. The proposed stream cipher was tested against several cryptanalysis and statistical attacks in addition to other performance tests. The results show that Strike achieves high throughput on both high- and low-speed devices. Additionally, security analysis shows that our cipher is resistant to cryptanalysis and statistical attacks.

Image privacy is getting more and more attention, so it is necessary to design a secure and efficient image encryption algorithm. This paper proposes a novel Logistics-Henon-Memristor Coupled Chaotic Map (LHM-CCM), which exhibits high sensitivity to system parameters as demonstrated by Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagrams, offset-boosting analysis and extreme multistability. Based on this system, a non-uniform pixel segmentation image encryption algorithm with multiple randomization elements is introduced, dynamically controlling pixel segmentation using a hash matrix. The Josephus scrambling and bit-plane reconstruction achieve disruption and diffusion, respectively. It shows excellent performance in terms of sequence randomness, resistance to attacks, key security, and robustness against interference. Moreover, encrypting a 256 × 256 grayscale image only takes 0.0696 s. The proposed algorithm demonstrates significant advantages in encryption and decryption efficiency while ensuring security.

Because the image has the characteristics of large amount of information and high redundancy, the traditional AES, DES and other encryption methods applied to text and numbers can not be effective. Chaotic sequence algorithm has natural similarity with cryptography, such as extreme sensitivity to initial value, ergodicity, non-periodicity, pseudo-randomness and very high iterative rate. as a result, the encryption of chaotic sequence algorithm in the field of electronic conference image will be better than the traditional encryption method, and it has become a new direction to solve the problem of electronic conference image encryption. However, the limited computer accuracy will also reduce the randomness of chaotic sequences. in order to make up for this defect, this paper uses the idea of hybrid encryption to design a more secure and efficient hybrid chaotic sequence encryption algorithm.

Nowadays, the development of information technology can be described as extremely rapid, especially with the widespread use of the Internet; the security of communications in the network has become an important issue we are facing. The purpose of this article is to solve the problems in today’s network security data encryption algorithms. Starting from the computer network communication security data encryption algorithm, we discuss the effects of several different encryption methods on improving network security. The research results show that it is known that the application of link encryption algorithm in network communication security encryption algorithm can increase the security index by 25%, the node encryption algorithm can increase the security index by 35%, and the end‐to‐end encryption algorithm can make the cyber activity safety index to increase by 40%. Among them, RSA algorithm and DES algorithm are two very representative algorithms; they represent different encryption systems. From the perspective of network data link, there are three methods of encryption algorithm, namely, link encryption algorithm, node encryption algorithm, and end‐to‐end encryption algorithm.

Cloud computing is the present technology which is gaining greater attentions. Nowadays, among all the technologies that includes the network security, data protections, virtualization security, application integrity and identity management, the cloud is the most essential and key aspect. Among all the above mentioned issues, data protection is one of the most important security element because organizations cannot transfer their data to the remote machines as there is no guarantee of data protection by the cloud service providers. Many techniques are already available to protect the data in cloud. Though there are many number of techniques implemented to have focus on security of data but still some challenges persist. Cloud computing solves not only the computing problems but also caters loads of data with software updates etc. The user will be confident in utilising the cloud sources only if there is an appropriate collaboration between cloud client and cloud service provider. The most popular security techniques include SSL (Secure Socket Layer) Encryption, Algorithms like AES, Blowfish, DES, RSA, Cloud Computing, and Data Security. This paper mainly focus on how to analyse and evaluate the most important security encryption algorithms for data protection in cloud computing. Furthermore, this paper also discusses about some of the new security techniques for data protection which will be recommended in order to have improved security in cloud computing. Keywords: Cloud, Data Protection, Security, Asymmetric Algorithms, Symmetric Algorithm.