Improved lane-changing model for vanets in SUMO

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are a class of wireless networks built dynamically in an ad hoc network manner. VANET is a key technology for smart and Intelligent Transportation System. Efficient and intelligent algorithms for routing in VANETs are critically required for safety information propagation. Routing in highly dynamic VANET topology is important for the achievement of any vehicular safety applications. The routing mechanism in vehicular networks is critical because of VANETconstraints such as unpredictable network topology, frequent disconnections, varying network densities, etc. Multi agent scheme based routing scheme for VANETs is addressed in the paper. We address the challenge of how to route the data with short communication delay, overhead, and the complexity. Specifically, we consider the scenario for (V2V) vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Multi agent scheme consists of static agent and mobile agents. The scheme operates as follows: (1) establishing a connectivity pattern between the vehicles; (2) creating a set of beliefs; (3) desire development; (4) finalizing the intention. We validate the proposed scheme by simulation. Evaluated simulation results are packet delivery ratio, bandwidth utilization, and route identification delay.

Fuzzy-AHP based optimal RSU deployment (Fuzzy-AHP-ORD) approach using road and traffic analysis in VANET

Intelligent transportation system (ITS) is becoming an important part of our society. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), as one of the most fundamental technologies in ITS, have attracted great interests in both industry and academia. Due to ever-increasing data demands in VANETs, it is challenging to meet the requirements of ITS, especially for safety-critical applications. Fog computing is an emerging paradigm with the vision of supporting low communication latency, enhancing quality of service, and improving efficiency of network. Meanwhile, collision warning (CW) is critical for enhancing driving safety, which has stringent timing requirement. This work is dedicated to addressing safety issues in VANETs by designing and implementing a fog computing based collision warning system. Distinguishing from conventional cloud-based solutions, where vehicles have to communicate with servers resided in the backbone network via cellular network, the fog computing based system offloads communication and computation workloads to the infrastructures which are closer to end users (i.e., vehicles). In particular, the road-side unit (RSU) with dedicated short range communication (DSRC) interface and local computation unit is acted as the fog node, and it is installed at the road intersection. Then, vehicles approaching to the intersection will periodically report their status including positions, speed, driving direction and acceleration, to the RSU via DSRC. Based on the collected real-time status of surrounding vehicles, a collision prediction algorithm is designed and implemented in the computation unit of the fog node. The warning message will be triggered if potential collision is detected, and it will be transmitted to corresponding vehicles. For performance evaluation, we have implemented the system in realistic VANETs scenario. In addition, we have also implemented a cloud computing based CW system for performance comparison, where the LTE interface is adopted for transmitting messages to the cloud server, where the collision prediction algorithm is executed. Based on the field testing, we have demonstrated the superiority of the fog computing based CW system in terms of enhancing driving safety by providing real-time communication and distribute computation capabilities.

Multi-agent approaches have a key role to play in intelligent transportation systems as such systems must service dynamically changing environments in an autonomous fashion. Such Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are exemplified by Google's driverless car. The driverless car can be considered a multi-agent system because it involves multiple interacting intelligent agents analysing and detecting stimuli in its environment and mobilising suitable and safe responses to those stimuli. This position paper discusses the security threats that may result from introducing multiagent technology in such intelligent transportation systems. We argue that, while multi-agent approaches have a major role to play in this domain, their introduction in vehicle-to-vehicle communication or autonomous driving systems raises new security challenges that must be addressed by both cyber-security and multi-agent research.

Since 2004, Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) is core technology of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), in which standardize the Wireless Access in Vehicle Environments (WAVE) based on IEEE 1609 and IEEE 802.11p. WAVE is a field of study to provide safety service and information to person such as driver and passenger. Recently, many researchers have been proposed resolution for high velocity and rapid topology change. However, it assume equal to packet size. Therefore, this assumption could not provide various services for VANETs due to limited data packet size. To do resolve this problem, in this paper, we analyzed transmission rate of differences data packet in VANETs environment and proposed future research about improving transmission method according to difference packet size.

This paper examines the relationship between public and private investments in intelligent transportation system (ITS) technology and the effects on transportation performance through the highway system. ITS technology is an infrastructure that promotes integrated information sharing that can be used to improve system performance. ITS combines better infrastructure with information and control technologies to ( a) reduce traffic congestion by maintaining traffic flow, ( b) reduce transportation-generated pollution, ( c) improve transport efficiency, and ( d) produce economic benefits. A statistical analysis of partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test three hypothesized relationships. Primary data were collected from U.S.-based commercial vehicle transportation service providers. Respondents were parceled with a geographic information system analysis of secondary data from the U.S. Department of Transportation National ITS Deployment Tracking Survey. On the basis of their level of regional ITS experience, primary data respondents were matched to regions and split between regions with low ITS experience and high ITS experience as a proxy for regional public investments in ITS. Performance measures were based on efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, quality, carbon emissions reduction, and equipment utilization for commercial vehicle operators. Results indicate that private investments in ITS significantly positively affect the responsiveness performance measure for commercial vehicle operators in regions with high public ITS investments. The same relationship is not significant in regions with low public ITS investments, which indicates at least some transportation performance improvements for regions with higher investments in ITS. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

With the development of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and 5G communication technology, Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are playing an increasingly important role in enhancing road safety, improving traffic efficiency and providing online entertainment experience [1]. However, the information insecurity brought by the traditional centralized mode of VANETs is still a very challenging problem. To solve this problem, a 5G-enabled hierarchical network in VANETs is proposed through the research of blockchain and 5G technology. On this basis, a data sharing scheme based on Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm is proposed, which realizes data storage and transmission effectively with its characteristics of data immutability and decentralization. The ideal expected result is that the scheme realizes data storage effectively and the security of data transmission and ensures the reliable transmission of data with lower computing time.

VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Network) is an ad-hoc wireless network which nodes are composed by mostly moving vehicles and infrastructure communications or access points along the road. It integrates adhoc networking, cellular technology, wireless LAN and other technologies, which include GPS(Global Positioning System), digital mapping, sensing technologies and advanced information processing tools to support Intelligent Traffic Systems (ITS). VANET is developed mainly to improve road safety and to increase the traffic efficiency. It is designed to support the exchange of warning messages among the vehicles to increase the passenger safety and other information related to VANET applications and services . To achieve these goals, there are several issues that should be addressed. One of these challenges is designing reliable and efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for VANET. Due to VANET’s distinguishing characteristics, such as high mobility of the nodes, dynamic network topology, enough battery power, high processing power, etc, the MAC protocols designed for MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Network) are not suitable for VANET. The research community has been working to develop MAC protocols appropriate for this ad-hoc network by proposing new design or modifying the existing one.In this paper, the VANET’s architecture, characteristics, applications and standard are discussed and then a comprehensive study of several MAC protocols available in the literature is presented.

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is the basic technology of intelligent transportation systems for providing reliable and real-time communications between vehicles and vehicles or roadside units. In order to improve the communication quality of VANET, this paper studies the effects of different maximum routing hop count parameters on the performance of the network under different vehicle densities. We establish the mathematical models of node connectivity probability and the packet delivery ratio by using the Poisson distribution model. And the maximum routing hop count selection algorithm (MRHSA) is proposed based on the theoretical model established in the paper. The simulation experiments and statistical analysis on packet delivery ratio, throughput, and end-to-end delay are performed under the straight road and urban road scenes, supported by the Vehicle in Network Simulation (Veins). The results show that the maximum routing hop count parameter is an important impact factor on the communication quality of the network. It is found that MRSHA proposed in this paper can improve the packet delivery ratio by about 9.1% at most in straight road scenarios, which indicates that MRHSA will contribute to the improvement of the communication quality of VANET.

Kinetic mobility management applied to vehicular ad hoc network protocols

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) are key to realizing Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Although VANETs belong to the class of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET), and there are numerous routing protocols for MANETs, none of these protocols are applicable for VANETs. In particular, VANETs are highly dynamic due to high speed mobility of vehicles and traditional routing algorithms for MANETs cannot deal with such dynamicity of network nodes. Several comparative studies have suggested AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector), a well known MANET protocol that is adaptive to dynamic changes in network and makes efficient utilization of network resources, to be the best candidate for dealing with VANETs. However, verbatim adoption of AODV is not an efficient routing solution for VANETs. Recent works therefore proposed various modifications and/or additions to AODV to make it suitable for VANETs. It is particularly important to control congestion in VANETs by efficiently dealing with the AODV "Route Request" (RREQ) packets. In this paper, we propose Pro-AODV (Proactive AODV), a protocol that uses information from the AODV routing table to minimize congestion in VANETs, yet sustains other performance metrics at acceptable levels. The novelty and elegance in Pro-AODV comes from the fact that it does not require the execution of any additional logic, it is sufficient to know only the size of the routing table at each node.

Download a PDF of "Guidebook for Implementing Intelligent Transportation Systems Elements to Improve Airport Traveler Access Information" by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine for free.

To be successful, shared vehicle systems must be responsive, convenient, and easy to manage. By applying a variety of intelligent transportation system (ITS) technologies (e.g., vehicle location and identification, dispatching, smart cards), these attributes can be achieved. Further, intelligent transportation technology is useful for collecting data on user behavior and vehicle usage. These data add to the understanding of shared vehicle systems and of how to design systems for the future. The University of California-Riverside (UC Riverside) and Honda Motor Company have implemented a shared electric vehicle system test bed named UCR IntelliShare, which consists of 15 shared electric vehicles, moving among three stations on and near the UC Riverside campus. The system, described here, uses highly developed ITS technology, including smart cards, touch-screen registration kiosks, vehicle monitoring and tracking hardware, and sophisticated management software. The system has operated since April 1999, and abundant data are collected every day. Preliminary results are provided, describing user behavior, vehicle operation, and many shared vehicle trip characteristics. These data are being used to study shared vehicle systems and to refine shared vehicle system simulation modeling tools. These tools can assist in designing other shared vehicle systems, greatly reducing the implementation risks and liabilities that may be associated with future, full-scale shared vehicle system implementations.

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) has been one of the most transforming technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) in recent years. In particular, wireless mesh network is widely used for VANETs due to its scalability, flexibility, and low maintenance cost. When a mesh node fails, one can simply replace it with a new mesh node, and the network automatically reconfigures itself. However, due to the environment or limited resources, it may not be feasible to replace the failed node immediately. In this work, we introduce a resilient VANET that can effectively retain the coverage and capacity of the original network until the failed mesh nodes can be repaired or replaced. We give simulation results to show that this desirable property can be achieved using a virtual router concept with minimal overhead.

In 1995, the planning and building processes began to design and develop a mobile demonstration unit that could travel across the nation and be used as an effective outreach tool. In 1997, the unit was completed; and from June 1997 until December 2000, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)/Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) mobilized the Technology Truck, also known as Demonstration Project No. 111, ''Advanced Motor Carrier Operations and Safety Technologies.'' The project featured the latest available state-of-the-practice intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technologies designed to improve both the efficiency and safety of commercial vehicle operations (CVO). The Technology Truck was designed to inform and educate the motor carrier community and other stakeholders regarding ITS technologies, thus gaining support and buy-in for participation in the ITS program. The primary objective of the project was to demonstrate new and emerging ITS/CVO technologies and programs, showing their impact on motor carrier safety and productivity. In order to meet the objectives of the Technology Truck project, the FHWA/FMCSA formed public/private partnerships with industry and with Oak Ridge National Laboratory to demonstrate and display available ITS/CVO technologies in a cooperative effort. The mobile demonstration unit was showcased at national and regional conferences, symposiums, universities, truck shows and other venues, in an effort to reach as many potential users and decision makers as possible. By the end of the touring phase, the ITS/CVO Technology Truck had been demonstrated in 38 states, 4 Canadian provinces, 88 cities, and 114 events; been toured by 18,099 people; and traveled 115,233 miles. The market penetration for the Technology Truck exceeded 4,000,000, and the website received more than 25,000 hits. In addition to the Truck's visits, the portable ITS/CVO kiosk was demonstrated at 31 events in 23 cites in 15 states.